Analogic 2020 Bedienungsanleitung

FEATURES

❑World’s Fastest Arbitrary Waveform

Generation – up to 800 MS/s

(1000 MS/s Optional)

❑Very High Resolution –

up to 12 bits at 100 MS/s

❑Math Equation Entry

❑Full Dynamic Range Independent of

Amplitude

❑Dynamic Looping Capabilities (2020)

❑Phase-locked Loop Capability for up to

Eight 2020s

❑Up to 2048k Points of Output Waveform

Memory

❑Non-volatile Waveform Equation Library

❑One-key Generation of Standard

Functions

❑Full Programmability for ATE via

IEEE or RS-232

❑DPCOM™ PC Software Utilities Support

APPLICATIONS

❑General Electronics Test

❑Magnetic and Optical Disk Drives

❑Avionics

❑Fiber Optics

❑Sonar and Radar

❑Mechanical Analysis

❑EMI/RFI Testing

❑Telecommunications

❑Acoustics and Speech

❑Video and HDTV

❑Medical and Ultrasonics Research

Models 2020/40/45

Polynomial Waveform Synthesizers

The Analogic Model 2020, 2040, and 2045 Polynomial Waveform

Synthesizers generate complex arbitrary waveforms directly from math-

ematical equations with unparalleled accuracy. With their front-panel

keypad for programming and equation entry, they offer full standalone

capability, unlike any other arbitrary waveform generator available.

These waveform generators can easily be integrated into practically any

computer-controlled test system via RS-232 or high-speed IEEE inter-

faces. No other single instrument can offer the performance or versatili-

ty of Analogic Polynomial Waveform Synthesizers.

The Model 2020 offers the most affordable solution to generating high-

speed, high-quality waveforms. Highly accurate output waves are pro-

duced with 12-bit vertical resolution, using 24-bit floating-point calcula-

tions and a 12-bit D/A converter (DAC). This vertical resolution is

maintained independently of output amplitude by scaling the waveform

to drive the full D/A range, and by adding up to 63 dB of attenuation, as

necessary, to produce the required output. The 2020 generates output

waves at speeds of up to 100 MHz.

Models 2040 and 2045 generate standard functions and arbitrary wave-

forms at very high speeds (up to 800 MHz) with point-to-point resolu-

tion as fine as 1.25 ns. Several times faster than previous arbitrary signal

generators, these instruments provide accurate simulations and thorough

testing at frequencies up to which only rough approximations were pre-

viously feasible. These synthesizers are especially effective for complex

radar and video signal simulations, and for testing high-density/high-

speed disk drives and digital fiber-optic communications links.

To make the world’s fastest waveform synthesizers even more power-

ful, the new Models 2040B and 2045B each have a 2 megasample out-

put memory that enables the generation of long, high-definition wave-

forms at high frequencies. With this capacity and outputs of up to 800

megasamples/second, the 2040B and 2045B offer unbeatable perfor-

mance in benchtop instrumentation and ATE.

High Performance

Analogic Polynomial Waveform Synthesizers produce

analog signal emulation with more accuracy than other

arbitrary signal generators. A waveform is synthesized

from thousands of data points that are precisely calculated

from a polynomial equation. This includes sums and prod-

ucts of trigonometric LOGs and exponential functions.

All fundamental operations are readily accessible from the

front keypad.

Although the 2020 has a standard 512k-point output

memory, two innovative techniques – Dynamic Looping

and Constant Compression – are used to ensure that mem-

ory space is not exhausted when generating long wave-

forms. Dynamic Looping allows production of periodic

waveforms using real-time looping through portions of

output memory. Because of Constant Compression, DC

values of any required duration use only a few words of

output memory. These methods enable the unit to gener-

ate a close approximation of the complex NTSC-7 com-

posite video test signal, using just a few thousand words

of memory.

To provide the full benefit of 800 MS/s synthesis, both the

2040 and 2045 provide a 1V output with a typical 1 GHz

bandwidth and 500 ps rise time, and 7 ns settling time to

within 1% of final value. The 2040 has a second output,

opposite in phase, for differential applications. The Model

2045 has a 5V output with a 200 MHz bandwidth, a pro-

grammable filter, an attenuator, and a DC offset source.

All outputs retain full 8-bit resolution over the specified

range of amplitude.

High-Speed, High-Quality Signals

These synthesizers guarantee high resolution and linearity

for signal amplitudes from millivolts to full scale by auto-

matically driving the output DAC over its full range and

attenuating the output to the required level. The resulting

wide dynamic range is not affected by even a large DC

offset, as the instrument adds this to the output from a sep-

arate 12-bit DAC. An output amplitude as large as 10V

p–p into 50Ωis available with absolute accuracy better

than 1%. The output doubles with a high-impedance load.

Arbitrary Waveform Generation Made Easy

Complex waveforms required for thorough, effective sim-

ulation and testing can be generated quickly and easily

using Math Equation Entry. With this method, hundreds

of waveform equations can be stored in a non-volatile

waveform equation library and quickly regenerated when

needed.

One instrument can replace a full rack of expensive signal

sources and conditioning gear, and can meet changing test

requirements with new easily defined waveforms.

Family of Polynomial Waveform Synthesizers

2020-25 2020-100 2040 2045

Max. Output Rate

25 MS/s 100 MS/s 800 MS/s 800 MS/s

Optional 1000 MS/s*Optional 1000 MS/s*

Analog Outputs

10V (2V p-p with Diff. Output Opt.) 1V True 5V

(Vp-p into 50Ω)

1V Complement 1V

Vertical Resolution

12 bits 8 bits 8 bits

Output Memory (#points)

64k up to 512k 128k or 512k 512k 512k

2048k (2040B) 2048k (2045B)

Equation Memory

30k or 78k 30k or 78k 78k 78k

Math Co-Processor

Optional Standard

Systems Interface

IEEE-488, with High-Speed DMA IEEE-488 with High-Speed DMA

or RS-232 (all optional) and RS-232 (standard)

* Contact factory for 1000 MS/s option

The exact waveform needed can be generated by keying in

a mathematical equation [Y = f(t)] that precisely describes

the waveform amplitude, frequency, shape and duration.

With a few more keystrokes, noise, glitches, and other

forms of distortion can be added to simulate virtually any

real-world signal. Function keys such as SIN, YX,

INTegral, LOG, and ARCTAN minimize the number of

keystrokes required. Mnemonics such as FOR, AT, and

TO simplify the description of complex, multi-segment

waveforms. Scientific notation and the metric prefixes M,

K, m, µ, and n not only ease numeric entry, they also allow

the equation to be written in the user’s language.

The waveforms illustrated in Figures 1 through 4 show

the creation of complex wave shapes by adding or multi-

plying ordinary math functions. These examples show the

relative ease of mathematically defining complex wave-

forms that precisely simulate natural phenomena. The

Analogic Model 2020 introduced Math Equation Entry to

the instrumentation marketplace, and has proven its versa-

tility and simplicity in a great variety of lab and manufac-

turing applications.

While Math Equation Entry enables the operator to pro-

duce nearly any desired waveform, several other methods

of definition are provided: computer download; data

download from the Model 6500 Waveform Analyzer,

standard functions with real-time menu control of ampli-

tude, symmetry, etc.; quantified noise added to a wave-

form; point and line segment entry; and scope draw for

waveform touchups.

Figure 1. Basic 10 kHz sine wave: F1 = SIN(10K*t)

Figure 2. Natural Transient envelope with peak at 1 ms: FOR

1m ARCSIN(a*t) FOR 1m ARCSIN(a*(1m–t)2). Where “m”

means millisecond and “a” determines envelope amplitude.

Figure 3. Product of sine wave and envelope of

Figures 1 and 2.

Figure 4. Sum of sine wave and envelope of Figures 1 and 2.

Flexibility in Creating Waveforms

While Math Equation Entry enables the operator to easily

produce nearly any desired waveform, the following

methods of definition are provided to suit particular user

needs and preferences.

Computer Download

Previously calculated and uploaded waveforms may be

quickly downloaded through the high-speed GPIB inter-

face. Analogic’s DPCOM software enables off-line cre-

ation and storage of an unlimited number of waveforms

that can be downloaded as needed.

Model 6500 Capture

Quite often it is necessary to reproduce a real-world wave-

form or transient glitch. This is easily accomplished using

the Analogic Model 6500 Waveform Analyzer to capture

the signal and download it to the synthesizer, after which

signal parameters may be varied for marginal testing.

Point and Line Segment Entry

Output waveforms may be constructed point by point or,

where linear interpolation is adequate, by the specification

of the linear endpoints only.

Scope Draw

Any waveform in Output Memory can be displayed on an

oscilloscope and edited point by point. It is also useful for

adding special glitches or cleaning up a captured waveform.

Sophisticated Systems Capabilities

For automation in lab and production test environments,

RS-232 and IEEE-488 communications and versatile rear-

panel timing capabilities are provided. Units can be syn-

chronized with each other through their external clock and

trigger inputs and Sync and programmable Marker out-

puts. For example, the Model 2020 features phase-locked

loop clocking of a master and up to 8 slave units.

Analogic Polynomial Waveform Synthesizers can repro-

duce virtually any waveform equation, algorithm, or cap-

tured signal required for testing. For additional flexibility,

several synthesizers may run in unison, providing multiple

signals of a different nature for situations with complex

timing diagrams that require high speeds and/or high

fidelities. The parameters may be the same or totally dif-

ferent, allowing for independent parameter margining and

analysis. Adding the Model 6500 Waveform Analyzer to

the test system allows phase synchronous stimulus and

capture/analysis using external clocking from a common

source.

Amplitude Modulation is Mathematically

Precise

SIN(X)/X Function is Useful for Signals as

well as Envelopes

Spoken Vowel “e” was Downloaded from the

Model 6100 Analyzer; also Log Spectrum and

Linear Cepstrum

SPECIFICATIONS

Models 2020 & 2000 Model 2045 Model 2040

Analog Output High level output with attenuator,

Configuration offset, and noise source • Low level output • True low level output

• High level output with attenuator • Inverted low level output

and offset

Data Point Update Rate 100 MHz on Version 100 800 MHz down to 50 Hz (1.25 ns to 20 ms/point)

Internal Clock 25 MHz on Version 25 Accuracy: ± 0.005% @ ≤100 MHz, ±0.025% @ > 100 MHz

0.0015 Hz min. (687s) Jitter: < 15 ps RMS @ > 3 MHz, <75 ps RMS @ < 3 MHz

Accuracy: 50 ppm Optional 1000 MS/s using External Clock

Frequency resolution: ≤0.05%

External Clock DC to 100 MHz on Version 100 50 to 250 MHz with EXT CLK

DC to 25 MHz on Version 25 50 to 800 MHz with ECL CLK

ANALOG OUTPUTS Models 2020 & 2000 High Level Output Low Level Output(s)

(Model 2045 only) (2045 & 2040)

Analog Resolution 12 bits 8 bits 8 bits with output 0.5 to 1V p-p

Maximum Amplitude 10V p-p into 50Ω, 20V p-p open circuit 5V p-p into 50Ω, 10V p-p open circuit 1V p-p into 50Ω, 2V p-p open circuit

Amplitude Range 10V to 5 mV p-p in 0.024% steps, 5V to 3 mV p-p in 0.024% steps with 1V to 0.5V p-p in <0.3 mV steps with

with waveform resolution preserved waveform resolution preserved waveform resol. preserved

Amplitude Accuracy ± 1% ± 3% ± 2% at 0.8V p-p output, ± 3% at 1V,

(attenuator accuracy: ± 1% ) Model 2040 (±4%, Model 2045)

Non-Linearity ± 0.025% integral < 0.22% differential < 0.22% differential

< 1% integral < 0.44% integral

DC Drift ± (0.06% of p-p signal + 0.2 mV)/°C ± 2.0 mV/°C ± 0.4 mV/°C

DC Offset Control (user 0 to ± 5V in 1.25 mV steps 0 to ± 3.5V in 2 mV steps 0 to ± 0.5V; Accuracy: ± 2% at

selected or internally Accuracy: ± 2% ± 10 mV Accuracy: ± 2% ± 10 mV 1V p-p output, Model 2040

compared) ±(0.8% x waveform peak-peak) (± 4%, 2045) ± 3 mV

Output Compliance — — -1.4 to 1.1V with ext. applied offset

FS Step Response

Rise and Fall Time < 10 ns < 2.2 ns, DC offset = 0 ±2V < 500 ps

(10-90%) < 3.3 ns, DC offset = 0 ±3.5V

Overshoot < 1% < 3% < 7%

Settling Time < 60 ns to within 1% of final value < 50 ns to within 2% of final value < 7 ns to within 1% of final value

Amplitude Flatness ± 0.1 dB from DC to 500 kHz ± 0.24 dB from DC to 1 MHz ± 0.2 dB from DC to 10 MHz

± 1.5 dB to 25 MHz ± 0.5 dB, 1–10 MHz ± 1.0 dB, 10–100 MHz

–3 dB to 35 MHz ± 1.0 dB, 10–30 MHz ± 2.0 dB, 100–200 MHz

± 2.5 dB, 30–100 MHz

Output Bandwidth > 35 MHz > 160 MHz, 200 MHz typical > 700 MHz, 1000 MHz typical

Output Low-Pass Filters 20 kHz to 20 MHz selectable 2 or 20 MHz selectable —

Sinewave Purity < –60 dBc below 100 kHz < –40 dBc, DC to 10 MHz < –46 dBc, DC to 10 MHz

(harmonic amplitude < –50 dBc below 1 MHz < –30 dBc, 10–30 MHz < –25 dBc, 10–30 MHz

and spurious signals) < –40 dBc below 3.125 MHz, < –20 dBc, 30–100 MHz < –15 dBc, 30–100 MHz

Version 25 (DC offset = 0 ± 2V; (at higher frequencies aliased

< –35 dBc below 6.25 MHz, for offset > 2V add 10 dBc) spectra are dominant)

Version 100

< 0.5 mV RMS, < 4 mV pk at max. < (0.1% Vo p-p + 0.6 mV) RMS < 1.5 mV RMS

Residual Noise signal output < (0.2% Vo p-p + 4 mV) p-p < 6 mV p-p

DAC Glitch Energy < 500 mV-ns for clock ≥40 ns < 125 pV-s at max. signal output level < 25 pV-s

< 750 mV-ns for clock < 40 ns 2.5 ns effective width, typ. 0.5 ns effective width, typ.

at max. signal output level

5 to 10 ns effective width

Output Impedance 50Ω± 2%, active; >10 MΩ, inactive 50Ω± 10% 50Ω± 10%

Output Protection No damage from a short circuit or Indefinite short circuit to ground Up to ± 100 mA externally applied

connection of 125 VAC at 50/60 Hz (clamping diodes at ± 2V)

Models 2020 and 2000 Models 2040 and 2045

MEMORY & PROCESSING

Waveform Output Up to 512K 16-bit data points, segmentable to 512K data points (2048K, B version),

Memory (RAM) hold multiple downloaded waveforms segmentable to hold multiple downloaded waveforms

Maximum Waveform LengthDynamic (Repeat) Looping, up to 32,767 times, and 512k data points

DCdata compression for waveforms exceeding (2048k, B version)

output memory length

Minimum Waveform Length8 Data points on Version 25 64 Data points

16 Data points on Version 100

Waveform Equation Memory30 kbytes non-volatile, expandable to 78k 78 kbytes non-volatile

(Stores waveform 1280 characters maximum file length 1280 characters maximum file length

descriptions by filename)

Waveform Equation Memory Retention: >2 years with supplied lithium batteries and a 50% power-on duty cycle

Memory Retention (provision is made for field replacement with more conventional Alkaline batteries)

AUXILIARY INPUTS/OUTPUTS (Menu driven setup)

External Clock Input DCto max. update rate of version DCto 800 MHz update rate

External Trigger Input Trigger Modes: Free Run, Manual, Triggered Start, Trigger Modes: Free Run, Manual, Triggered Start,

Triggered Stop, Gated by Trigger, and Triggered Triggered Stop, Gated by Trigger, and Triggered

Start/Stop Start/Stop; Delay: < (40 ns + 2 clock periods); Jitter:

Delay: < 100 ns +1 clock period < (100 ps + 1 clock period).

Jitter: < 10 ns

Trigger and External Clock Threshold: 0V or 1V; Slope: plus or minus; Threshold: 0V or 1.5V; Slope: plus or minus;

Input Parameters Impedance: 1 MΩ|| 25 pF; Sensitivity: ±500mV Impedance: 10 kΩ|| 50 pF; Sensitivity: ±500 mV

about selected threshold; Maximum input: ±30V; about selected threshold; Maximum input: ±30V;

Marker Output Negative transition at waveform start, positive Positive pulse at user selected Mark Time or Mark

transition at Mark Time or Mark Count (TTL, Count from start of waveform; Pulse duration:

10 unit loads) 32 data point clocks (TTL, drives a grounded 50Ωload)

Sync Output Positive pulse at waveform start (TTL, 10 unit loads) Positive pulse at waveform start; Pulse duration: 32 data

point clocksTTL, drives a grounded 50Ωload)

Multi-Unit Synchronization Via phase locked internal clocks and ganged trigger Via auxiliary inputs and outputs

functions in a Master/Slave configuration, up to 8

units, with rear panel adjustments for cable delays

Digital Waveform Output 16 bits plus clock, simultaneous with Analog Output; —

TTL on Version 25; ECL (diff.) on Version 100 (opt.)

REMOTE INSTRUMENT CONTROL

Interface Optional IEEE-488 and/or RS-232 Standard IEEE-488 and RS-232

Transfer Data Rates IEEE-488: 2 kbytes/s standard IEEE-488: 300 kbytes/s using High Speed DMA

300 kbytes/s with High Speed DMA opt. RS-232: up to 9600 baud

RS-232: up to 9600 baud

WAVEFORM GENERATION MODES

Mathematical By Front Panel entry or by remote communications

(Polynomial) Notation

Standard Functions By Front Panel entry or by remote communications: Standard Functions include sine wave,

square wave, pulse, triangle, sawtooth, and random noise

Internal Noise Source Pseudo-random white noise with a normal Random noise with approx. normal amplitude

amplitude distribution; Cycle time: 168 seconds distribution can be added to waveforms in memory,

Bandwidth: 0.006 Hz to selectable 20 kHz, 200 kHz, with selectable noise amplitude, bandwidth, seed

or 2 MHz; Maximum Amplitude (RMS): 2.7V for 2 MHz(starting point), and signal+noise amplitude. Signal

BW, 0.95V for 200 kHz BW, 0.31V for 20 kHz BW may be repeated in memory so different noise

Amplitude range: 60 dB in 1 dB steps values occur over each signal cycle.

Direct Waveform Data Via IEEE-488 or RS-232

Download

Captured Data ReproductionWith Analogic Model 6100 or 6500 Waveform Analyzer (except Model 2000)

Scope Draw with Cursor For point by point waveform editing

Control

GENERAL

Specification Conditions 0 to 40°C operating temperature; 50Ωresistive termination on both analog outputs, unless specified otherwise;

Open circuit output will double (±5%) in amplitude, but with some degradation in high frequency/speed perfor-

mance

Power Requirements 90-130 VACor 180-260 VACat 48-62 Hz; 90-130 VACor 180-260 VACat 48-62 Hz; 200W max

100W max

Dimensions 5.5"H x 16.5"W x 17"D (13.97 x 41.91 x 43.18 cm) 5.5"H x 16.5"W x 17"D (13.97 x 41.91 x 43.18 cm)

Weight 25 lb (11.3 kg) 25 lb (11.3 kg)

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