ANALOGUE SYSTEMS RS200 Bedienungsanleitung

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200

INTRODUCTION

It’s tempting to compare analogue sequencers to hardware MIDI sequencers, both rackmount and

computer-based, if only because they are all capable of producing repetitive sequences and effects that

can be modified inreal-time.But,while a hardwareMIDIsequencercan looklike itsanalogue counterpart,

it lacks one important facilityinherenttoanalogue voltage control:you can’t addmultiple MIDIcontrollers

or use audio signalsas modulators to create new effects.

Unfortunately, vintage analogue sequencersfrom companiessuch as ARP and Korg sell for hundredsof

pounds, and you’ll be lucky to get change from £1,000 if you want an original Moog sequencer. Worse

still, these originals arebecoming increasinglyrare, andby modern standardsthey can be rather limited.

This iswhy the RSIntegrator has a dedicatedanalogue sequencer, the RS200. Not only doesit eliminate

the need for a vintage unitifyou wanttocreate sequences with the Integrator itself, the RS200 will (with

an RS10or RS15 case) function as a self-contained unitcapable of controlling almost all other analogue

monosynths.

IN USE

The RS200 is by far the most complex module within the RS Integrator series. Its key features are:

• Three rows of 8-step CV generators with individual CV rangesandCV outputs for each row

• Independent trigger outputs for each of rows 1, 2 and3

• Internal clock with external CV input and clock output

• External clock input and manual step function

• Slewgenerator for portamento andother effects

• Skip, Reset, and Stop/Start functions with independent CV inputs

• End of sequence pulse output

• LEDs to indicate sequence position and trigger status on each step

To aid understanding about each of these we will divide this chapter into four parts, as follows:

1. Quick Tour

2. The Sequence Steps

3. Inputs, Outputs, AndOther Controls

4. Some Ideas ToGet You Started

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1. QUICK TOUR

If you are impatient to hear some immediate results using your RS200 within a suitably configured RS

Integrator the following instructions should have you up andrunning within a few minutes. If you are

using the RS200 to control an external synthesiser please make allowances for the different names and

configurations that you mightencounter.

1. Connect the A OUT output on your RS200 to the CV-IN of an RS90 VCO or the CV-IN 1V/oct

inputof your external synth.

2. Ifnecessary, connect the TRIGGER 1 OUT outputtothe GATE-TRIG IN on your RS60 Envelope

Generators, or to the GATE input of your external synth. Make sure that the Integrator or the

external synth are set up so that you can hear a sound even when no trigger is received. On an

Integrator youdo this by setting the INITIALLEVEL of an RS180 VCAto any value greater than

zero.

3. Returning to the RS200, decide how many steps you wish to use and set the step at which the

sequence will loop by switching theappropriate RESETswitch to itsupper position.For example,

if you want your sequence to be four steps long, raise the RESET switch at step 5. Set all other

RESET switches to their central RUNpositions.

4. If necessary, decide which steps will send triggers by setting the TRIGGER switches (these are

the ones to the left ofthe RESETswitches)to their upper positions.

5. Set the CLOCK EXT/INT switch to its central position.

6. Press the RESET button to initialise the sequence at step 1. The red LED at '1' will light up to

indicate that this isthe step currently active.

7. Set Row A's RANGE control so that meaningful pitches are obtained from your synthesiser

when RowA'sLEVEL control is sweptfrom itsfully anticlockwise toitsfully clockwise positions.

8. Work your way through the sequence using the STEP button and setthe pitches using RowA's

LEVEL (voltage control) knobs.

9. Switch the EXT CLOCK IN switch to INT (internal).

10. Press the STOP/START button to start the sequence.

11. Adjust the speed of the internal clock using the FREQUENCY knob.

11. Have fun!

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2. THE SEQUENCE STEPS

The number of steps in your sequence and the outputs determined by each are defined by the eight

columns (called "steps") marked 1 to 8. Each step has five controls and one indicator, as follows:

The Knobs:

(i) RowA LEVEL Controls

These set the voltage created by Row Aat each stepofthe sequence.Their range is 0Vto +10V, buttheir

operation is modified by the Row A RANGE control (see below).

(ii) Row B LEVEL Controls

These set the voltage created by Row B at each step of the sequence. Their range is 0Vto +10V, but their

operation is modified by the Row B RANGE control (see below).

(iii) Row C LEVEL Controls

These set the voltage created by Row C ateach step ofthe sequence.Their range is 0Vto +10V, buttheir

operation is modified by the Row C RANGE control (see below).

The Switches:

(iv) RESET/RUN/SKIP switches

The eight switches each offer 3 basic functions:

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• Reset

The sequence will run from step 1 to step 8 then loop back tostep 1 unless one of these switches

is in the RESET position, in which case the sequence will loop at the step before the RESET.

• Run

The step is included in the sequence.This is called ‘free running’.

• Skip

The step isexcluded from the sequence, andthe sequence jumps directly from the previousstep

to the next.

Note: The SKIP position has another function when used together with the SKIP IN input

described in the nextsection. Ifyou want SKIP to function as described here but it is not

doing so, check that you donot have a CV connected to SKIP IN.

(v) TRIGGER switches

These are the unlabelled switches immediately tothe leftof each step's RESET/RUN/SKIP switch. Each

has three positions:

• Up

A trigger isproduced at this step and output from the TRIG 1 OUT socket.

• Centre

No trigger is produced at either output TRIG 1 or TRIG 2 at this step.

• Down

A trigger isproduced at this step and output from the TRIG 2 OUT socket.

Note: Atrigger is produced at the TRIG 3 OUTon every step regardlessof all other settings. Amongst

other usesthisacts asa 'triggerTHRU' socketwhen the RS200 is clocked from an external source.

The Step Indicators

(vi) The Step LEDs

The eight step LEDsindicate the position of the sequence. The position isalways the same for rowsA, B

and C.

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3. INPUTS, OUTPUTS, AND OTHER CONTROLS

Switch

Int/Ext Clock selector

LEDs

Trigger indicators

Inputs:

Internal Clock rate

External Clock input

Skip Step input

External Reset

External Start/Stop

Outputs:

CVA

CVB

CVC

Trigger1

Trigger2

Trigger3

End of Row Pulse output

Internal Clock output

Knobs

CVA Range

CVB Range

CVC Range

Internal Clock frequency

CV C Slew rate

Buttons

Step

Reset

Stop/Start

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The RS200's I/O panel offers a total of 13 sockets, of which five are inputs and eight are outputs. There

are alsofive knobs,three buttons, one switch and three LEDs.Together these can control many aspectsof

a synthesiser’s operation, including but not limited to: pitch control, filter frequency modulation, and

the timing of events.

The operation of the knobs, CV inputs, and the switch are closely interrelated, so it is not possible to

describe each without referring to the positions/settings of others. Please bear this in mind when you

consider the action of each of the controls.

The Knobs

(i) The RANGE controls

• CV RANGE A

• CV RANGE B

• CV RANGE C

These determine the range of voltages controlled by the CV knobs in each of the three rows. With the

RANGE in the 0V position, the positions of the CV knobs are irrelevant, and 0V is output by the row

regardless ofany other settings.

Note: The notation on the RANGE knobs is approximate, and does not ensure that the maximum

frequency will increase in precise octave steps.

(ii) The Internal Clock Frequency

The internal clock is a stabilised analogue squarewave LFO (lowfrequency oscillator) which can output

any frequency in the range 0.1Hz (one step every ten seconds) to approximately 30Hz.

When the clock switch (see below) is set to INT (internal clock) the INT CK FREQUENCY control

determinesthe step frequency in each of the rows.

(iii) Slew

The Slew control allows you to control the rate of change of control voltage output by Row C. At its

minimum,the slew time from note to note is approximately 5mS. Atitsmaximum setting,the slewtime

is approximately 1S.

The Buttons

(iv) Step

The STEP button is a 'momentary' button, or 'toggle'. When the Clock INT/EXT switch is in its central

position (the sequence is halted) pressing STEP will move the sequence one position to the right. When

the sequence is on its last step (either step 8 or as defined by the RESET switches) pressing STEP will

return the sequence to step 1.

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(v) Reset

Pressing RESETwill alwaysreturn the sequence to step 1. This action may be performed whether or not

the sequence is running.

(vi) Stop/Start

The STOP/START button is a 'toggle'. Provided that the other settings are appropriate, pressingSTOP/

START once will START the sequence. If a sequence is already running, pressing STOP/START will

STOP the sequence.

The Switch

(vii) EXT/INT Clock Selector

The clock selector has three positions:

• Down (INT)

The rate at which the sequence moves through the steps is determined by the internal clock.

• Up (EXT)

The rate at which the sequence moves through the steps is determined by an external clock

pulse presented to the EXT CK IN socket.

• Centre

The sequencer isnot clocked, and you must use the STEP button to move through the steps.

The LEDs

(viii) The Trigger Output LEDs

• TRIG 1

• TRIG 2

• TRIG 3

These givea visual indication ofthe triggersgenerated ateach of the three TRIG OUTs. Whenany ofthe

LEDs is lita trigger is produced at the appropriate output.

The Inputs

(ix) INT CK CV IN

You may apply a CV in the range 0V to +10V to control the internal clock rate. Note that, whatever

voltage you apply to the CV IN, the internal clock will not exceed its minimum and maximum rates of

0.1Hz and 30Hz.

(x) EXT CK IN

This input accepts signals with 'ON' amplitudes in the range +1V to +20V and 'OFF' amplitude of less

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than +1V.

Ifthe inputsignal ispulse-like, the sequencer will move through the steps according tothe timing of this

signal.There isnopractical limit to the frequency of the inputsignal. One advantage ofthis isthe ability

toclock the RS200 ataudiofrequencies,makingitpossible touse each ofthe three rows in the sequencer

as an audio-frequency complex waveform generator.

(xi) SKIP IN

This modifies the action of the SKIP position of the switches in each of the Sequence Steps.

Normally, the sequencer will ignore any step that has the RESET/RUN/SKIP switch set to SKIP, and

jump directly to the next step in the sequence. However, if you apply a CV in the range +1V to +10V to

the SKIP IN input, the sequence will not SKIP the step, but hold it until the CV isremoved.

The normal 'skipping' action is, therefore, just a special case of this: with no CV applied, the step isnot

held, and proceeds directly to the next.

(xii) RESET EXT

If you apply a CV in the range +1V to +20V to the RESET EXT input, the sequence will return to step 1

when the +ve going transition is received. The sequence will remain at step 1 until the CV is removed.

(xiii) START/STOP EXT

If you apply a pulse in the range +1V to +20V to the START/STOP EXT input, the sequence will either

start (if it is stopped) or stop (if it is running) when the +ve going transition is received.

The Outputs

(xiv) The CV Outputs

• A OUT

• B OUT

• C OUT

The three rows ofCVs determined by the LEVEL knobs in each of the steps (asmodifiedby the RANGE

controls) are producedat these outputs. The maximum CV range is 0V to +10V.

(xv) The Trigger Output

• TRIG 1 OUT

• TRIG 2 OUT

• TRIG 3 OUT

The three setsoftriggersdetermined by theTRIGGER switches are producedat these outputs.All triggers

are +10Vpulses.

Remember that Row3 produces a trigger pulse at the TRIG 3 OUT on every sequence step, regardless of

the other controls and switches.

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(xvi) END PULSE OUT

A single +10V pulse is produced at this output each time that the sequence reaches its final step and

resetsto step 1.

(xvii) INT CK CK OUT

The +10V squarewave clock signal generated by the internal clock is outputhere.

Inserting a lead at this point does not break the internal circuit, and if the CLOCK SWITCH is set to INT

the sequence will continue to operate as before.

4. SOME IDEAS TO GET YOU STARTED

If you are not fully acquainted with analogue sequencersand wouldlike a few ideastoget you started,

the following may beof some help. Of course, there’snoroom to do more than scratch the surface ofthe

RS200's possibilities in this manual, so remember: an open mind and some free experimentation can

yield startling results. Here are some basic ideas:

Set your RS200 and synthesiser up as described in the QUICK TOUR. Then…

• Set up a sequence andapply an LFO to the INT CK CV IN. This modulates the speed at which

the sequence runs.

• Drive theEXTCLOCKIN ataudiofrequencies,and usethe 8 steps todefinea complex waveform.

Direct this back to the synth as an independent oscillator. The shape is multi-stage and heavily

quantised, so it has a rather 'digital' character quite unlike the standard oscillators in your RS

Integrator.

• Use the TRIGGER switches creatively. Trigger outputs are used primarily to trigger the

synthesiser’s envelopes.You can manipulate your sequence in real-time byswitching the trigger

switches between trigger ON and OFF whilst the sequence is playing. If triggers are placed at

the beginnings of some notes and not others it will give a more human feel to the sequence,

analogous to guitarists who pluck or hammer strings at the beginnings of some notes but not

others.

• Use other RS Integrator modules such as the RS280 Divider module to create complex timing

changes within your sequences. For example, connect the INT CK CK OUT to the CK/SIG IN of

the RS280, and return the ÷16 output from the RS280 to the START/STOP EXT input on the

sequencer. This will cause the sequence to stop every16 steps, and then restart after an interval

of a further 16 clock pulses. Each time the sequence runs, it will start one step further tothe right,

creating complex changes in your music.

• Use an RS150 Sequential Switch to extend your sequencesto 24 steps. You dothisby connecting

CV A OUT to IN1 on the Sequential Switch, CV B OUT to IN2, and CV C OUT to IN3. Then

connect the END PULSE OUT on the sequencer to the CLOCK IN on the Sequential Switch.

Now, each time the sequencer reaches step 8 it will send a pulse to the switch advancing the

input by 1.

• Put all the RESET/RUN/SKIP switches to the SKIP position. Now apply noise from an RS40

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Noise Generator at the SKIP INinput. Thiswill make the sequencer step randomly, apparently

moving backwards as well asforwardswithin the sequence.This istruly random note selection,

and can be used in a number ofways tocreate quasi-melodies, generate harmonicstructures, or

provide sound effects.

• Again, put all the RESET/RUN/SKIP switches to the SKIP position. Take noise from the RS40

and band-pass filter it using an RS110 Multimode filter. Apply the resulting signal to the

sequencer's EXT CK IN to create random timing effects. You can even modulate the filter to

modulate the speed of the randomised clock.

Just as an analogue synthesiser has an infinite number of possibilities, so does an analogue sequencer.

The seven ideasabove merely give you an idea of the types ofsoundsandeffectsyou can create with the

RS200. The restis up to you!

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