Calculated Industries Frame Master II Bedienungsanleitung

CALCULATED INDUSTRIES

HRS MIN SEC FRM

30 DF

Rate

–

Clr Mem

Rem

Time Code

Stop Watch/Timer

∆

Film

AAdj fps

B Sub

RAME

ASTER

4 5 6

7 9

•

–

On/C

Off

Prefs

Frms

35mm

Cust

Out

In Dur

Sync

30 NDF30 NDF

30 DF

Cus TC

fps

H:M:S

Mark Dec

16mm

o/Stop

25 PAL

Rcl

Stor

Conv

Sum

Film/Video Calculator

RAME

ASTER

CALCULATED

INDUSTRIES

We put answers at your fingertips

User’s Guide

Table of Contents

Getting Started

NTSC (“SMPTE”) Time Code . . . .4

Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Power On & Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Key Definitions/Functions . . . . . .10

Basic Math Operations . . . . . . . . .20

Memory Functions . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Using the

Frame Master®II

Entering Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Math Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

In/Out/Duration Points . . . . . . . .32

Sync/Offset Function . . . . . . . . . .35

Setting Film Speed [fps] . . . . . . . .37

Setting Frames Per Foot . . . . . . . .38

Setting Custom Time Code . . . . .39

Using the Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Timer Mark Points . . . . . . . . . . . .43

Rate Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

Appendix

Calculator Information . . . . . . . . .48

Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . .50

2 – Frame Master

Introducing

Frame Master

The Frame Master ®II is designed to

simplify calculations and conversions

for Film, Time Code, and Real-Time. It

features:

◆Complete conversions between Film,

Time and Time Code formats.

◆Adds, Subtracts, Multiplies and

Divides Film, Time Code and Real-

Time (H:M:S) units.

◆Automatic In/Out/Duration calcu-

lations for editing and EDL’s.

◆Custom settings for Film Speed,

Film Frames, and Time Code.

◆Count up/count down Timer (that

counts in Real-Time, Feet-Frames,

and Time Code) with Buzzer and

Mark Point functions

The Frame Master II also works as a

standard math calculator with Memory

and Percent functions, plus battery-sav-

ing auto shut-off.

Calculated Industries, Inc.

4840 Hytech Drive, Carson City, NV 89706 USA

Tech Support TEL: 775/885-4975 • FAX: 775/885-4995

http://www.calculated.com

User’s Guide – 3

NTSC (“SMPTE”) Time Code

There are two types of NTSC 30 frames-

per-second (fps) time code commonly

used in North America and Japan: Non-

Drop Frame (30NDF) and Drop Frame

(30DF). These time codes are both differ-

ent than real clock time since they typi-

cally run at a reference rate of 59.94 Hz

rather than true clock rate of 60 Hz: Since

each video frame is composed of 2 inter-

laced fields, the NTSC signal translates to

59.94 fields per second, which, when

divided by 2 fields per frame, yields 29.97

fps, not 30. The resultant speed is 0.1%

slower than real time.

Non-Drop Frame Time Code

Commonly used because of its simplic-

ity, Non-Drop Frame Time Code makes

no attempt the compensate for this real

time discrepancy — about 3.6 seconds in

one “hour” of 30NDF time code (i.e., one

“hour” of 30NDF time code equals

approximately 1 hour and 3.6 seconds of

real time). Again, this is when the time

code is referenced to 59.94 Hz.

GETTING STARTED

4 – Frame Master

Drop Frame Time Code

Drop Frame time code was developed to

compensate for the error between 30

NDF time code and 29.97 NTSC signal

speed. In Drop Frame, the first two

frame numbers (:00 and :01) are dropped

at the start of each minute, except for

minutes ending in zero (0, 10, 20, 30, 40

and 50). In one “hour” of Drop Frame

time code, this amounts to 108 frames

(54 x 2 =108) skipped, or about 3.6 sec-

onds of real-time.

While Drop Frame time code is said

to be real-time accurate, it only synchro-

nizes to real-time at these 10-minute

marks (and even then it is not 100% ac-

curate), but it’s generally “close enough.”

Both types of NTSC time code may

be referenced to 60 Hz rather than 59.94

Hz; this is common in audio recording.

In this case, 30NDF time code is “time-

accurate” and 30DF time code runs 0.1%

faster than real time. Your calculator may

be set to run NTSC time code at either

59.94 Hz (the default) or 60 Hz.

For more information on video time

codes, refer to SMPTE Standard ANSI/-

SMPTE 12M-1995, available from the

Society of Motion Picture and Television

Engineers (SMPTE), White Plains, NY.

User’s Guide – 5

Other Time Codes

The Frame Master II also contains two

other Time Code modes: (a) 25 fps

(PAL/SECAM) and (b) Custom Time

Code, which can be set to any speed

from 1-100 fps (the default setting is

“true” clock-accurate 30 fps — i.e., 30

fps referenced to 60 Hz).

Note: Both these are “true” speeds in

that they need no adjustments to

synchronize them to real-time.

Conversions

Before moving on, it is very important

to understand how conversions are

done on the calculator, as there are var-

ious standards used throughout the

world. The three conversion methods

used on this calculator:

(1) Frame to Frame — Each frame of

one format is converted to one frame

of another format (i.e., NTSC Non-

Drop Frame Time Code to NTSC

Drop Frame Time Code — the time

code changes, but the number of

frames stays constant).

6 – Frame Master

(2) Frame Rate to Frame Rate — Con-

versions are based on the respective

frame rates at ratio of those frame

rates (i.e., theatrical film shot at 24

fps to NTSC video running at 30

fps, referenced to 59.94 Hz or 60

Hz, depending on the selected Hz

reference; if referenced to 59.94,

the film speed will be slowed down

to 23.976 for an even frame con-

version). This conversion will result

in more or less frames converted,

such as happens with a “3:2 Pull-

Down.”

(3) Time-Based — Values are con-

verted strictly based on actual time

(i.e., NTSC video to PAL video).

How the

Frame Master II

Converts

Here is a listing of the more common

types of conversions and how they are

converted on the Frame Master II. Be-

cause of the various methods employed,

multiple conversions of the same en-

tered value may change when re-con-

verted back to the original entry format

— unless this is done in the exact

reverse order of conversion.

User’s Guide – 7

NTSC/NTSC Frame to Frame.

NTSC/Film Rate to Rate.

NTSC/PAL Time-based.

Film/PAL Frame to Frame.

Film/Cust TC Frame to Frame.

PAL/Cust TC Frame to Frame.

Film/Film Frame to Frame.

All conversion to real time (H:M:S) are,

of course, time-based.

Special Note to Users of the Original

Frame Master/Plus

Calculators

If you use or used the original Frame

Master/Frame Master®Plus, the con-

versions you get on this new model will

differ substantially. All conversions on

our original model(s) were time-based,

which often led to unexpected results.

The ones used here are based on typical

worldwide industry standards. Some

applications, however, will vary, but

normally there will be a means to con-

vert almost all formats using your

desired method.

8 – Frame Master

Power On & Off

Turn the calculator on by pressing the

[On/C] key.

To turn it off, press the [Off] key.

Auto Shut-Off

The calculator will turn itself off if it is

not used within 8-10 minutes, except

when the Stop-Watch/Timer is active.

(1) When the Stop-Watch/Timer is

counting up, the calculator will

shut off after 8 hours if you have

not used it during that time. This

will vary slightly if you’re timing in

non-real time modes such as NTSC

Time Code.

(2) When the Stop-Watch/Timer is

counting down, the calculator will

shut off if you do not use it within

8-10 minutes after the timer

reaches zero.

User’s Guide – 9

Key Definitions/Functions

[+] [–] [x] [÷] [=]

Arithmetic operation keys.

[%]

Four-function percent key.

[0] – [9]

Digits used for entering numbers.

[•]

Decimal point.

[Off] — Off Key

Turns all power off.

Rem

Time Code

Stop Watch/Timer

∆

Film

AAdj fps

B Sub

RAME

ASTER

4 5 6

7 9

On/C

Off

Prefs

Frms

35mm

Cust

Out

In Dur

Sync

30 NDF30 NDF

30 DF

Cus TC

fps

H:M:S

Mark Dec

16mm

o/Stop

25 PAL

Stor

Conv

Sum

10 – Frame Master

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