H3C S7500 Series Bedienungsanleitung

Operation Manual – SNMP and RMON

H3C S7500 Series Ethernet Switches Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 SNMP Configuration....................................................................................................1-1

1.1 SNMP Overview.................................................................................................................1-1

1.1.1 SNMP Operation Mechanism..................................................................................1-1

1.1.2 SNMP Versions.......................................................................................................1-2

1.1.3 MIBs Supported by the Device................................................................................1-2

1.2 Configuring SNMP Basic Functions...................................................................................1-3

1.3 Configuring Trap Message ................................................................................................1-6

1.3.1 Configuration Prerequisites.....................................................................................1-6

1.3.2 Configuration Procedure.........................................................................................1-6

1.4 Displaying SNMP...............................................................................................................1-7

1.5 SNMP Configuration Example...........................................................................................1-7

1.5.1 SNMP Configuration Example ................................................................................1-7

Chapter 2 RMON Configuration...................................................................................................2-1

2.1 RMON Overview................................................................................................................2-1

2.1.1 Working Mechanism of RMON................................................................................2-1

2.1.2 Commonly Used RMON Groups.............................................................................2-2

2.2 RMON Configuration .........................................................................................................2-3

2.2.1 Prerequisites ...........................................................................................................2-3

2.2.2 Configuring RMON..................................................................................................2-3

2.3 Displaying RMON ..............................................................................................................2-5

2.4 RMON Configuration Example ..........................................................................................2-5

Operation Manual – SNMP and RMON

H3C S7500 Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 SNMP Configuration

1-1

Chapter 1 SNMP Configuration

When configuring SNMP, go to these sections for information you are interested in:

zSNMP Overview

zConfiguring SNMP Basic Functions

zConfiguring Trap Message

zDisplaying SNMP

zSNMP Configuration Example

1.1 SNMP Overview

By far, the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) has gained the most

extensive application in the computer networks. SNMP has been put into use and

widely accepted as an industry standard in practice. It is used for ensuring the

transmission of the management information between any two nodes in the network. In

this way, network administrators can easily retrieve and modify the information on any

node in the network. In the meantime, they can locate faults promptly and implement

troubleshooting, capacity planning and report generating.

SNMP adopts the polling mechanism and provides the most basic function set. It is

most appropriate for small-sized, fast-speed and low-cost environments. SNMP

implementation only requires the connectionless transport layer protocol UDP;

therefore, SNMP is widely supported by many products.

1.1.1 SNMP Operation Mechanism

SNMP can be divided into two parts, namely, network management station (NMS) and

agent:

An NMS is a workstation running client programs. At present, the commonly used NM

platforms include QuidView, Sun NetManager and IBM NetView.

Agent is server software running on network devices.

An NMS can send GetRequest, GetNextRequest and SetRequest messages to an

agent. Upon receiving a request message from the NMS, the agent will perform Read

or Write operation according to the message type, generate and return a Response

message to the NMS.

An agent will send Trap messages on its own initiative to the NMS to report events

when the device status changes or the device encounters any abnormalities such as

restarting the device.

Operation Manual – SNMP and RMON

H3C S7500 Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 SNMP Configuration

1-2

1.1.2 SNMP Versions

Currently an SNMP agent of a device supports SNMPv3, and is compatible with

SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c.

SNMPv3 adopts user name and password authentication.

SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c adopt community name authentication. SNMP packets failing

to pass community name authentication are discarded. A community name is used to

define the relationship between SNMP NMS and SNMP agents. Similar to passwords,

a community name can limit access to SNMP agents from the SNMP NMS. You can

define the following features relevant to a community name.

zDefine a MIB view that a community name can access.

zAssign read-only or read-write access right to MIB objects for the community

name. A community name with read-only access right can only query the device

information, while a community name with read-write access right can not only

query the device information but also configure the device.

zSet the basic ACL specified by the community name.

1.1.3 MIBs Supported by the Device

The management variable in a SNMPpacket is used to describe a management object

of a device. To uniquely identify a management object of a device in an SNMP packet,

SNMP adopts the hierarchical naming scheme to identify managed objects. The

hierarchical architecture is like a tree, and each tree node represents a managed object,

as shown in Figure 1-1. In this way, an object can be identified through a unique path

starting from the root.

Figure 1-1 Architecture of the MIB tree

The Management Information Base (MIB) is used to describe the hierarchical

architecture of the tree and it is the set defined by the standard variables of the

monitored network devices. In Figure 1-1, the managed object B can be uniquely

identified by a string of numbers {1.2.1.1}. The number string is the object identifier of

the managed object B.

Common MIBs supported by the system are listed in Table 1-1.

Operation Manual – SNMP and RMON

H3C S7500 Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 SNMP Configuration

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Table 1-1 Common MIBs

MIB attribute MIB content References

MIB II based on TCP/IP network

devices RFC1213

RFC1493

BRIDGE MIB RFC2675

RIP MIB RFC1724

RMON MIB RFC2819

Ethernet MIB RFC2665

OSPF MIB RFC1253

Public MIB

IF MIB RFC1573

DHCP MIB —

QACL MIB —

ADBM MIB —

RSTP MIB —

VLAN MIB —

Device management —

Private MIB

Interface management —

1.2 Configuring SNMP Basic Functions

The configuration of SNMPv3 is different from that of SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c, so

SNMP basic function configurations for different versions are introduced respectively.

For specific configurations, refer to the following two tables.

Follow these steps to configure SNMP basic functions for SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c:

To do… Use the command… Remarks

Enter system view system-view —

Enable SNMP agent snmp-agent

Optional

By default, SNMP

agent is disabled

To enable SNMP

agent, you can

execute this

command or those

commands used to

configure SNMP

agent features

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H3C S7500 Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 SNMP Configuration

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To do… Use the command… Remarks

Set system information

snmp-agent sys-info

{ contact sys-contact |

location sys-location |

version { { v1 | v2c |

v3 }* | all } }

Required

By default, the contact

information for system

maintenance is

"Hangzhou H3C

Technologies Co., Ltd.

", the physical location

is "Hangzhou China",

and the SNMP version

is SNMPv3.

Direct

configu

ration

Set a

commun

ity name

snmp-agent

community { read |

write } community-name

[ acl acl-number |

mib-view view-name ]*

Set an

SNMP

group

snmp-agent group { v1

| v2c } group-name

[ read-view read-view ]

[ write-view write-view ]

[ notify-view

notify-view ] [ acl

acl-number ]

Set a

communi

ty name

and

access

right Indirect

configu

ration Add a

new

user to

SNMP

group

snmp-agent usm-user

{ v1 | v2c } user-name

group-name [ acl

acl-number ]

Required

zIn direct

configuration,

SNMPv1 and

SNMPv2c

community names

are set directly.

zIn indirect

configuration,

SNMPv3 syntax is

adopted, and the

added user is

equal to the

community name

for SNMPV1 and

SNMPV2C.

zYou can choose

either of them as

required.

Set the maximum size of a

SNMP packet that the agent

can send/receive

snmp-agent packet

max-size byte-count

Optional

By default, it is 2,000

bytes.

Set the device engine ID snmp-agent

local-engineid engineid

Optional

By default, the device

engine ID is

"enterprise number +

device information".

Create or update the view

information

snmp-agent mib-view

{ included | excluded }

view-name oid-tree

Optional

By default, the view

name is ViewDefault

and OID is 1.

Follow these steps to configure SNMP basic functions (SNMPv3):

Operation Manual – SNMP and RMON

H3C S7500 Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 SNMP Configuration

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To do… Use the command… Remarks

Enter system view system-view —

Enable SNMP agent snmp-agent

Required

By default, SNMP agent is

disabled.

You can enable SNMP agent

by executing this command or

any configuration command of

snmp-agent

Set system

information

snmp-agent sys-info

{ contact sys-contact |

location sys-location |

version { { v1 | v2c | v3 }* |

all } }

Optional

By default, the contact

information for system

maintenance is "Hangzhou

H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. ",

the physical location is

"Hangzhou China", and the

SNMP version is SNMPv3.

Set an SNMP group

snmp-agent group v3

group-name

[authentication |

privacy ] [ read-view

read-view ] [ write-view

write-view ] [ notify-view

notify-view ] [ acl

acl-number ]

Required

Add a new user to

an SNMP group

snmp-agent usm-user

v3 user-name

group-name

[ authentication-mode

{ md5 | sha }

auth-password

[ privacy-mode des56

priv-password ] ] [ acl

acl-number ]

Required

Set the size of a

SNMP packet that

the agent can

send/receive

snmp-agent packet

max-size byte-count Optional

By default, it is 2,000 bytes.

Set the device

engine ID snmp-agent

local-engineid engineid

Optional

By default, the device engine

ID is "enterprise number +

device information".

Create or update the

view information

snmp-agent mib-view

{ included | excluded }

view-name oid-tree

Optional

By default, the view name is

ViewDefault and OID is 1.

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1.3 Configuring Trap Message

Trap message is the information that the managed device unsolicited sends to the NMS.

Trap message is used to report some urgent and important events (e.g., the managed

device is rebooted).

1.3.1 Configuration Prerequisites

Complete SNMP basic configuration.

1.3.2 Configuration Procedure

Follow these steps to configure trap message:

To do… Use the command… Remarks

Enter system view system-view —

Enable the device to

send trap messages

snmp-agent trap enable [ bgp

[ backwardtransition | established ]*

| configuration | flash | ospf

[ process-id ] [ ospf-trap-list ] |

standard [authentication |

coldstart | linkdown | linkup |

warmstart ]* | system | vrrp

[ authfailure | newmaster ] ]

Enter port

view or

interface view

interface interface-type

interface-number

Enable the

port or

interface to

send trap

messages

enable snmp trap updown

Enable

the port

to send

trap

messag

Quit to

system view quit

Optional

By default, the

port or the

interface is

enabled to

send trap

messages.

Set trap target host

address

snmp-agent target-host trap

address udp-domain { ip-address }

[ udp-port port-number ]params

securityname security-string [ v1 |

v2c | v3 {authentication | privacy } ]

Required

Set the source address

to send trap messages snmp-agent trap source

interface-type interface-number Optional

Set the length of the

queue of trap messages

sent to destination host snmp-agent trap queue-size size Optional

The default

value is 100.

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H3C S7500 Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 SNMP Configuration

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To do… Use the command… Remarks

Set aging time for trap

messages snmp-agent trap life seconds

Optional

The default

aging time for

trap messages

is 120

seconds.

1.4 Displaying SNMP

To do… Use the command… Remarks

Display system

information of the current

SNMP device

display snmp-agent sys-info [ contact

| location | version ]*

Display statistics on

SNMP packets display snmp-agent statistics

Display the engine ID of

the current device display snmp-agent {local-engineid |

remote-engineid }

Display group information

about the device display snmp-agent group

[ group-name ]

Display SNMP user

information

display snmp-agent usm-user

[ engineid engineid | username

user-name | group group-name ]

Display the currently

configured community

name

display snmp-agent community [ read

| write ]

Display the currently

configured MIB view

display snmp-agent mib-view

[ exclude | include | viewname

view-name ]

Available in

any view

1.5 SNMP Configuration Example

1.5.1 SNMP Configuration Example

I. Network requirements

zAn NMS and Switch A are connected through the Ethernet. The IP address of the

NMS is 10.10.10.1 and that of the VLAN interface on Switch A is 10.10.10.2.

zPerform the following configuration on Switch A: setting the community name and

access right, administratorID, contact and switch location, and enabling the switch

to sent trap messages.

Operation Manual – SNMP and RMON

H3C S7500 Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 SNMP Configuration

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II. Network diagram

Ethernet

10.10.10.1

NMS

10.10.10.2

Switch A

Figure 1-2 Network diagram for SNMP

III. Network procedure

# Set the community name, group name and user.

<H3C> system-view

[H3C] snmp-agent

[H3C] snmp-agent sys-info version all

[H3C] snmp-agent community write public

[H3C] snmp-agent mib-view include internet 1.3.6.1

[H3C] snmp-agent group v3 managev3group write-view internet

[H3C] snmp-agent usm-user v3 managev3user managev3group

# Set VLAN-interface 2 as the interface used by the NMS. Add Ethernet 2/0/2 to VLAN

2. This port will be used for network management. Set the IPaddress of VLAN-interface

2 as 10.10.10.2.

[H3C] vlan 2

[H3C-vlan2] port Ethernet 2/0/2

[H3C-vlan2] quit

[H3C] interface Vlan-interface 2

[H3C-Vlan-interface2] ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.0

[H3C-Vlan-interface2] quit

# Enable the SNMP agent to send trap messages to the NMS whose IP address is

10.10.10.1. The SNMP community name is public.

[H3C] snmp-agent trap enable standard authentication

[H3C] snmp-agent trap enable standard coldstart

[H3C] snmp-agent trap enable standard linkup

[H3C] snmp-agent trap enable standard linkdown

[H3C] snmp-agent target-host trap address udp-domain 10.10.10.1 udp-port 5000

params securityname public

IV. Configuring NMS

The S7500 series switches support H3C’s QuidView NMS. SNMPv3 adopts user name

and password authentication. In [Quidview Authentication Parameter], you need to set

a user name, choose security level, and set authorization mode, authorization

Operation Manual – SNMP and RMON

H3C S7500 Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 SNMP Configuration

1-9

password, encryption mode, and encryption password respectively according to

different security levels. In addition, you must set timeout time and retry times.

You can query and configure Ethernet switches through the NMS. For more information,

refer to the manuals of H3C’s NMS products.

Note:

Authentication configuration on the NMS must be consistent with that on a device;

otherwise, the NMS cannot manage the device.

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