Heath H89-17 Bedienungsanleitung

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

MANUAL

1979

Heath Company

Heath

Disk

Operating

System

Model

H89-17

HEATH

COMPANY

BENTON

HARBOR,

MICHIGAN

49022

595-2334-01

Printed in the United

States of America

Contents

NOTE:

individual

Table

of Contents is

included

the

beginning

each

the

following Chapters:

Introduction

...............................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter

Operating System (HDOS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter

Console Debugger

(DBUG)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter

Heath Text Editor (EDIT)

......................................

Chapter

Heath Assembly Language (ASM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter

Extended

Benton

Harbor BASIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter

SPECIAL DISCLAIMER

Heath

cannot

provide

consultation

user-developed

programs

modified

versions of

Heath

Software products.

Some of

these

software

products

were

developed

for

the

Heath

Company

the

Wintek Corporation. Software copyrights for

these

produ'i-ts

reside

with

Wintek

. Corporation.

SOFTWARE REFERENCE

MANUAL

HDOS SYSTEM

Chapter O

Configuration

for

the

H89-17

0-2

ICHAPTER ZERO

Table

Contents

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-3

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

.........................................

0-5

THEORY OF OPERATION

...........................................

0-7

The

Diskette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-7

Access

Time-Finding

the

Right Sector

............................

0-8

The

Software

System

............................................

0-8

Files

..........................................................

0-9

Controlling

the

Peripherals

.....................................

0-1

Tran

sferring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-1

Memory

Map

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-11

Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-12

Notation

Conventions

..........................................

0-12

Console

Conventions

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-13

SYSTEM SET-UP PROCEDURE

.....................................

0-15

Power

.....................................................

0-15

Bootstrap

......................................................

0-16

INITIALIZATION (INIT)

............................................

0-21

DIAGNOSTIC (TEST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-2

Drive

Speed

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-28

General

Checkout

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-2

Media

Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-31

Seek

Time

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-32

Switch

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-33

Exit

..................

........................................

0-33

SYSTEM GENERATION

............................................

0-37

SYSGEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-37

ONECOPY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-40

POWER-DOWN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-44

APPENDIX A

Memory Layout

.................................................

0-45

APPENDIX B

Stand-Alone

Program

Outputs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-48

INDEX

............................................................

0-55

Configuration for the H89-17 I

0-3

INTRODUCTION

The

heart

ofyourH89-17

Heath

DiskOperating System,HDOS, isa

sophisticated

library of programs

which

control

and

facilitate

the

operations

you

will

soon

performing. Before you

use

HDOS,

sure

read

the

parts of

this

chapter

entitled

"System

Configuration" (on Page 0-5)

and

"Theory

Operation"

(on

Page 0-7). You

will

then

have

to perform

the

"System

Set-Up

Procedure"

(on

Page 0-15)

order to

get

your

system

and

running.

From there,

you

can

proceedtoChapter1,

the

HDOS Manual,

which

will

instruct

you

the

everyday

use

of HDOS.

The

H89-17 system

and

HDOS have set a

new

standard

the

hobby

computer

industry.

This

the

first

hobby

system to offer

many

the

functions

of large

commercial

computer

systems.

The

enjoyment

and

rewards

you

will

derivefrom

using

the

system are

limited

only

your

own

imagination.

This

Chapter

introduces

you

the

H89

computer

system,

and

instructs

you

setting

and

running

your

computer's

software.

also

contains

detailed

explanations of

the

procedures

that

you

must

use.

this

your

first

use

H89,

you

can

quickly

set

your

system

using

the

sections

titled

~'FIRST

TIME

m~ROUGH::·?'~

Later,

you

should

back

through

this

chapter

and

read

all

the

information.

You

should

have

two

blank,

unlabeled

diskettes

and

the

distribution

diskette.

The

distribution

diskette has a write-protect tab

it.

This

tab

must

NOT

removed. You

should

only

use

the

distribution

diskette to transfer files

other

diskettes.

DISTRIBUTION

LAB

PROTECT

TAB

0-4

ICHAPTER ZERO

FIRST TIME THROUGH?

the

instr~ctions

sequence.

The

re-

sponses

that

you

type

are

given

bold type.

Messages from

the

computer

are

shown

"QUOTES". Each

step

gives a

brief

explanation

the

program's

activity.

The

complete

descrip-

tion

given

the

program

description

follow-

ing

the

sections. You

can

check

off each

step

you

finish it.

NOTE:

From

now

on,

you

will

notice

that

all of

the

examples

assume

you

can

spell

and

type

correctly.

This

not

always

accurateassumption.

you

type

word

incorrectly,

and

notice

BEFORE

you

press

the

RETURN key,

you

can

instruct

the

computer

ignore

that

entry.

this,

hold

down

the

CTRL

key

and

type

the

letter U.

The

"U"

will

displayed,

a carriage

return

will

automatically generated,

and

you

can

re-type

your

entry.

you

misspell

mistype

word,

and

don't

notice it

until

after

you

press

the

RETURN,

don't

panic. HDOS

will

attempt

execute

the

word

you

entered

(UMUT, for example);

when

can't,

error message will

displayed

for you.

new

prompt

will

then

printed.

Just

enter

the

word

again.

GO TO PAGE 0-14.

Configuration for the H89-17 I

0-5

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

The

following

paragraphs

describe

the

minimum

requirements

your

opera-

ting

system.

impossible

list

all

the

different

combinations

that

you

may

want

use.

But

this

information

will

let

you

configure

the

operating

system

you

can

begin

using

your

H89

computer

system.

This

section

only

contains

the

information

about

the

software configuration.

Refer to

the

"System

Configuration"

section

your

"Operation

Manual"

for

instructions

how

configure

your

hard

ware.

You

must

have

H89

computer

system

with

minimum

16K bytes ofmemory.

Moreover,

this

memory

must

operate

continuously

from

decimal

location

8192

(i.e.040.000A)

the

available

upper

memory

limit

your

computer.

Note

that

the

lower

8192 bytes of

memory

are reserved.

Table 0-1 outlines

the

port

allocation

scheme

used

the

H89

computer

system.

lists

the

device

and

the

device

name

used

the

software. For

instance,

the

console

terminal

referenced

the

softwareasTT:

and

the

Line

Printer

asLP:.

The

Operating

system

does

not

use

any

port

address

below

100 octal.

These

ports

are available for

your

use.

TABLE

0-1

DEVICE INTERFACE

DEVICE NAME CARD

PORT

ADDRESS INTERRUPTS

Console

Terminal

Cassette

Line

Printer

Alt.

Terminal

Floppy

Disk

Reserved

* -

None

used.

NOTES:

TT:

LP:

AT:

SY:

350-357Q

H88-5 Serial 370-371Q

HBB-3 Serial 340-347Q

HBB-3 Serial 320-327Q

Special

174-177Q

170-173Q

360-361Q

376-377Q

you are

using

H36 DECWRITER as a Line Printer, you

must

connect

the

device AT:.

addition,

H14 Line

Printer

must

connected as

the

device LP:.

The

AT: driveris

named

ATH84.

DVD

and

must

reconfiguredtoaddressPort320Q. It

can

only

used

communicate

with

RS232-style devices.

AT: port addresses are given

octal, indicated

"Q".

Thus, address 350Q is

port

350 octal.

0-6

ICHAPTER ZERO

The

H89 system

includes

a single

5.25"

disk

drive

unit.

The

systemalso

includes

disk

controller card,

which

plugs

into

the

H89 bus.

The

drive is

mounted

the

right

side

the

H89 cabinet

and

connected

the

disk

controller

means

of a

34-conducter

flat

ribbon

cable.

This

drive

will

hereafter

referred to as

SY~:.

The

HeathDiskOperating System, HDOS,

supports

two

disk

drives.

This

second

drive is referred to as "SY1:".

SY~:

the

"system"

drive

unit.

You

were

provided

with

one

5.25"

"distribu-

tion"

diskette.

When

you

have

generated a

"system"

diskette, as

described

the

"System

Set-Up

Procedure",

will

always

mounted

SY~:

for

normal

operation.

And

since

you

can

easily

damage

or destroy a diskette

misuse

improper

handling,

always follow

the

instructions

very carefully

until

you

are

thoroughly

familiar

with

HDOS operating procedures.

WARNING

You

should

only

use

the

distribution

diskette

transfer files to

the

volumes

your

system.

Therefore,

not

run

any

programs

other

than

those

specified

these

Software Reference

Manuals.

you

try

run

other

programs,

such

as BASIC (with

the

distribution

diskette

SY¢:)

you

will cause

unpredictable

results.

Note

that

the

distribution

diskette is

supplied

with

a write-protection tab

place.

This

done

guarantee

that

you

will

always have

accurate

copy

the

operating system. Neverremove

this

tab.

Heath

may

refuseto

support

a system

the

write-protection tab is

removed

from

the

distribution

diskette.

Under

normal

conditions,

you

will

need

extra diskettes for storage of

data

and

programs. We

recommend

that

you

have

least

two

copies of

the

system

diskette

hand,

well

as a

spare

copy

any

important

information.

The

"System

Set-Up

Procedure"

will

tell

you

how

make

these

extra diskettes.

Note:"SY¢:"

means

system

unit

zero.

Where

the

notation

may

confusing,

zeros will

slashed

(/),

distinguish

them

from

the

letter

THEORY OF OPERATION

Although

it is

not

absolutely essential

that

you

know

the

Theory

Operation

for

this

system, a

basic

knowledge

of it

will

help

you

use

the

system

effectively. Read

this

information

before

you

proceed

the

"System

Set-Up Pro-

cedure".

Refer

Appendix

the

"Glossary",

Chapter

for a

definition

any

unfamiliar

terms.

Configuration for the H89-17 I

0-7

disk

system combines

many

the

advantages

of other

types

data

storage

systems.

ltis

not

as fast as random-access memory,

but

for

the

same

amount

storage area

much

less expensive.

the

other

hand

disk

system

costs

than

tape

systemfor

the

same

amount

ofstorage,

but

can

locate a

given

data

record

much

rapidly. Each

type

data

storage system

has

its advan-

tages. however,

the

disk

system

provides

the

most

functional

combinations

for

everyday applications.

The Diskette

A diskette is a

circular

sheet

mylar

coated

with

magnetic

oxide. As

the

diskette rotates at

300

rpm,

electromagnetic

head

passes over

the

oxide

material, called

the

"medium",

and

interacts

with

means

of a

magnetic

field.

This

combination

head

and

medium

is a lot like

the

magnetic

tape

recorder

you

use

record

and

play

music.

The

medium

consists of

millions

tiny

magnetic

particles

called

"domains".

Each ofthese

domains

magnetized

one

direction

the

other.

The

direction

which

domain

magnetized

describes

the

binary

datastored

the

diskette.

the

read/write

head

"reading"

information,

senses

the

direction

which

the

domains

given

area

are magnetized,

and

converts

this

information

into

electric

impulses

which

become

binary

bits.

the

head

"writing"

the

opposite

happens;

the

bits are

converted

into

electrical

impulses,

changing

the

magnetic

field

around

the

head.

This,

turn,

magnetizes

some of

the

domains

one

direction

the

other,

depending

upon

whether

the

bits are ones or zeros.

Each diskette

can

store

102,400

bytes of data,

with

each

byte

composed

eight

bits.

The

diskettes are

divided

into

tracks, circular rings,

much

the

grooves

LP record. Eachtrackis

subdivided

into

sectors, giving a total of

400

sectors of

256

bytes each.

0-B

ICHAPTER ZERO

Access

Time -Finding The Right Sector

The

process of finding

the

correct track is called "seeking".

takes a small

amount

time

forthe

head

jump

from track

trackas

seeks

the

correct one

and

this

is called

the

"track

step-time".

The

drive

used

the

H89

has

a guaran-

teed track step-time of

milliseconds.

"Test"

will

explain

how

determine

your

drive's

optimum

time.

Another

factor

that

detemines

system

speed

is called "rotational

latency".

Since

the

diskette rotates

300

rpm,

the

system

may

have

wait as

long

200

milliseconds for

the

desired

sector

rotate

under

the

head

after

finds

the

correct track.

This

latency

period

averages

100

milliseconds for a

random

disk

access.

A little arithmetic,

then,

shows

that

500

milliseconds

will

required

access a

random

sector.

This

depends

the

track

step-time of

the

particular

drive;

and

based

calculations

which

show

that

one-third of

the

tracks

will

have

skipped

over,

the

average, for a

random

disk access.

The

average

drive will require about

225

milliseconds for every access ofa

random

sector.

many

sectors are accessed

and

they are close

each

other,

the

average access

time

will

much

lower.

soon

the

systemfinds

the

correctsector,

reads

orwrites

the

data, one

bit

time

(serially) at a rate of

16,000

bytes

per

second.

The

data

transferred

between

the drive

and

the

controller.

The

controllerconverts

the

serial

data

into

a parallel format,

and

communicates

means

1/0

port

the

CPU.

exampleofits

quick

access

and

high

performance,

the

H89system

can

load

Extended

Benton

Harbor BASIC

into

memory

about

two

seconds.

The

Heath

cassette system, operating

1200

baud,

requires

about

two

minutes

load

from

the

beginning

the

tape.

The Software System

The

sector, because

the

smallest

amount

data

that

the

system

can

transfer

between

the

disk

drive

and

memory

a single access, is

the

basic

unit

the

diskette.

The

disk

system is "hard-sectored".

This

means

that

the

size

and

location of

each

sector is

determined

the

disk

controller

board

rather

than

the

operating system.

This

is actually

where

HDOS comes

into

play.

must

communicate

with

hardware

devices,

such

as a

disk

drive controller.

the

other side of

the

interface,

must

also

communicate

with

you,

the

"user"

"operator",

means

programmed

instructions

or console

commands.

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