MAC TOOLS EM721 Bedienungsanleitung

EM721 Digital Multimeter

To reduce the risk of injury, read and

understand these safety warnings and

instructions before using the tool.

Keep these instructions with the tool

for future reference. If you have any

questions, contact your MAC TOOLS

representative or distributor.

WARNING

Automotive Multimeter

User Manual

EM721

MACTOOLS.COM

WARRANTY

This instrument is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one

year. Our obligation to the original purchaser shall be limited to repairing or replacing, at our expense (not

including shipping charges) a defective tool if returned by the original purchaser within one year from the

date of purchase, all incoming shipping charges prepaid. THIS WARRANTY DOES NOT COVER DEFECTS

OR DAMAGES TO THE TOOL (i) after the warranty period expires; (ii) resulting from misuse or abnormal

operation; (iii) resulting from a failure to properly maintain or operate the tool; or (iv) resulting from any repair

or maintenance services performed by any party other than Mac Tools. This warranty does not cover expandable

items such as batteries and/or fuses.

LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

This manual tells you how to use the meter to perform diagnostic tests and to nd possible locations of

automotive electronic problems. It does not tell you how to correct the problems. Once you have located a

problem, consult your car’s service manual or other manuals to provide specic information needed for repair.

All information, illustrations, and specications contained in this manual are based on the latest information

available at the time of publication. The right is reserved to make changes at any time without notice.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Safety Information.............................................................................. 4

2. Introduction....................................................................................... 7

3. Front panel ........................................................................................ 8

4. Understanding the Display ................................................................ 14

5. Basic Electrical Tests and Measurements ........................................... 17

6. Basic Automotive Measurements........................................................ 26

7. Basic Automotive Diagnostic Testing .................................................. 33

8. Basic Automotive Component Testing ................................................. 58

9. Summary of Automotive Electrical System Tests .................................. 67

10. Specications .................................................................................. 70

11. General Specications ..................................................................... 75

12. Maintenance.................................................................................... 76

13. Meter-PC Communication Software Instruction.................................... 77

800.MACTOOLS

METER OVERVIEW

Measurement limits:

DC Voltage 0.1mV to 1000V

AC Voltage 0.001V to 750V

RPM IP 30 to 9000 RPM

RPM IG 60 to 12000 RPM

DC Current (Amperes) 0.1µA to 10A

AC Current (Amperes) 0.1µA to 10A

Resistance (Ohms) 0.1 to 40MΩ

Frequency (Hertz) 0.5Hz to 200kHz

% Duty Cycle 0 to 99.9%

Dwell (Degrees) 0° to 356.4°

Pulse Width (Milliseconds) 0.1ms to 1999.9ms

Temperature (Fahrenheit/Celsius) - 40°F to +2498°F (- 40°C to +1370°C)

Capacitance (Microfarads) 0.001µF to 999µF

Continuity Check Beep at < about 40Ω in the 400Ω range

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1. SAFETY INFORMATION

This meter has been designed according to IEC 61010 concerning electronic measuring instruments with a

measurement category (CAT III 1000V) and Pollution Degree 2.

WARNING

TO AVOID POSSIBLE ELECTRIC SHOCK OR PERSONAL INJURY, FOLLOW THESE GUIDELINES:

• Do not use the meter if it is damaged. Before you use the meter, inspect the case.

Pay particular attention to the insulation surrounding the connectors.

• Inspect the test leads for damaged insulation or exposed metal. Check the test leads for continuity.

Replace damaged test leads before you use the meter.

• Do not use the meter if it operates abnormally. Protection may be impaired. When in doubt, have the meter

serviced.

• Do not operate the meter where explosive (or ammable) gas, vapor, or dust is present.

• Do not apply more than the rated voltage, as marked on the meter, between terminals or between any

terminal and earth ground.

• Before use, verify the meter’s operation by measuring a known voltage.

• When servicing the meter, use only specied replacement parts.

• Use caution when working with voltage above 30V ac rms, 42V peak, or 60V dc.

• Such voltages pose a shock hazard.

• When using the probes, keep your ngers behind the nger guards on the probes.

• When making connections, connect the common test lead before you connect the

• live test lead. When you disconnect test leads, disconnect the live test lead rst.

• Remove the test leads from the meter before you open the battery cover or the case.

• Do not operate the meter with the battery cover or portions of the case removed or loosened.

• To avoid false readings, which could lead to possible electric shock or personal injury, replace the battery

as soon as the low battery indicator ( ) appears.

• Do not use the meter in a manner not specied in this manual or the safety features provided by the meter

may be impaired.

• When measuring current using the test leads, turn off circuit power before connecting the meter in the

circuit. Remember to place the meter in series with the circuit.

• To avoid electric shock, do not touch any naked conductor with hand or skin; and do not ground yourself

while using the meter.

• Adhere to local and national safety codes. Individual protective equipment must be used to prevent shock

and arc blast injury where hazardous live conductors are exposed.

• Follow the relevant requirements and safety procedure specied in the users manual and service manual

provided by the manufacturer of the vehicle under test.

• Exhaust gas contains carbon monoxide which is odorless, causes slower reaction time, and can lead to

serious injury. When testing vehicle with the engine running, testing should always be done in a well-

ventilated area or vent exhaust gas outside the building.

• Set the parking brake and block the wheels before testing or repairing the vehicle, unless instructed

otherwise. It’s especially important to block the wheels on front-wheel drive vehicles: the parking brake

doesn’t hold the drive wheels. The ignition orfuel system must always be disabled when performing

starting system tests.

• Always wear safety glasses when working near battery.

• Do not smoke or allow open ames or sparks in the work area. Gasoline fumes and gases produced by

battery are highly explosive.

Keep cigarettes, sparks, and open ames away from batteries at all times.

• To avoid personal injury, do not touch any moving or hot object. Keep body and clothing clear of moving or

hot engine parts at all times.

800.MACTOOLS

• Especially in marine applications with inboard or inboard/outboard engines, make sure work area is

well ventilated. Operate bilge blower for at least four minutes before starting engine or making test lead

connections.

• Always avoid working alone.

• Do not use the meter if the meter or your hand is wet.

• Remaining endangerment: When an input terminal is connected to dangerous live potential, it is to be

noted that this potential can occur at all other terminals!

• CAT III - Measurement Category III is for measurements performed in the building installation. Examples

are measurements on distribution boards, circuit breakers, wiring, including cables, bus-bars, junction

boxes, switches, socket-outlets in the xed installation, and equipment for industrial use and some other

equipment, for example, stationary motors with permanent connection to the xed installation. Do not use

the meter for measurements within Measurement Categories IV.

CAUTION

TO AVOID POSSIBLE DAMAGE TO THE METER OR TO THE EQUIPMENT BEING TESTED,

FOLLOW THESE GUIDELINES:

• Disconnect circuit power and discharge all capacitors thoroughly before testing resistance, diode,

capacitor, temperature, and continuity.

• Use the proper terminals, function, and range for your measurements.

• Before measuring current, check the meter’s fuses and turn off power to the circuit before connecting the

meter to the circuit.

• Before turning the rotary switch to change functions, disconnect the test leads from the circuit being tested.

MACTOOLS.COM

Symbols

Alternating Current

Direct Current

Both direct and alternating current

Caution, risk of danger, refer to the operating manual before use.

Caution, risk of electric shock.

Earth (ground) Terminal

Fuse

Conforms to European Union directives

The equipment is protected throughout by double insulation or reinforced insulation.

800.MACTOOLS

2. INTRODUCTION

The meter is a handheld, battery-operated automotive multimeter. It is a very useful test tool.

This users manual tells you how to use the meter. You may also need a manual that provides technical

information for the vehicle you plan to test. The most important information resources are the vehicle’s service

repair manuals generally available for purchase through automotive dealers. They are also available through a

number of publishers that specialize in providing technical information manuals to independent repair garages.

This users manual servers as a guide to get you started with troubleshooting. You real learning can best be

accomplished through experience. As you become more procient in using this automotive multimeter for

troubleshooting, you will quickly learn how certain electrical symptoms relate to various driveability problems.

Meter Features

• Accurate frequency and pulse measurements with 20,000 count on the high resolution 4000 count display.

• High-speed 41-segment analog bargraph updates 20 times/sec - For nearly seamless real-time accuracy.

• Accurate automotive electronics test and advanced measurements with DC/AC Volts, DC/AC Amps,

Resistance, etc

• Direct reading of dwell without using duty cycle-to-dwell conversion chart when testing electronic fuel

injection, feedback carburetors, and ignition systems

• RPM measurement for automotive engines with 1 to 12 cylinders using the test leads or the inductive

pickup

• mS-pulse width function to test on-time of fuel injectors of both PFI (Port Fuel Injector) and TBI (Throttle

Body Injector) types

• For accurate measurements of RPM, dwell, duty cycle, and mS-pulse width of injectors, the meter provides

seven-step adjustable +/-triggers on 1 to 12 cylinders, either 2- or 4-cycle for outboards, motorcycles, and

conventional engines

• Temperature measurement up to 2,498°F (1,370°C) for catalytic converters, fan switch, etc.

• Capacitance and non-automotive frequency measurement

• Back-lighted display

• USB communication

MACTOOLS.COM

3. FRONT PANEL

891011

1. Digital Display

Digital readings are displayed on a 4,000 count display with polarity indication and automatic decimal

point placement. When this meter is turned on, all display segments and symbols appear briey during

aself test.

800.MACTOOLS

2. Analog Bargraph

The bargraph provides an analog representation of readings and updates 20 times per second. The 2×41

segment bargraph illuminates from left to right as the input increases. The bargraph is easier to read when

the data causes the digital display to rapidly change. It is also useful for trend setting or directional data.

The bargraph also indicates the trigger level.

3. “±TRIG “Button

This “±TRIG” button can be used to toggle between negative (-) and positive (+) trigger slope and adjust

trigger level.

When the meter is in RPM, duty cycle, pulse width, frequency (automotive Hz) or dwell measurement

function, hold down the “±TRIG” button for one second to toggle between negative (-) and positive (+)

trigger slope. The slope is indicated by the + or - sign next to “TRIG” in the lower-left corner of the display.

The meter defaults to negative (-) trigger slope. Once the trigger slope is selected, press the “±TRIG” button

repeatedly to adjust trigger level if the meter reading is too high or unstable.

The trigger level adjustment has seven steps. Press the “±TRIG” button to move one step at a time to select

a suitable trigger level.

TRIGGER STEP

Voltage Level

(RPM, Duty Cycle, mS,

Hz (automotive), Dwell)

Approximate Trigger Level

as Indicated by Bargraph

+4 +8.2V

+3 +6.8V

+2 +3.2V

+1 +1.4V

-1 -1.4V

-2 -3.2V

-3 -6.8V

MACTOOLS.COM

4. “REL” Button

Used to enter or exit Relative mode as well as to turn on or off the USB communication function.

Press this “REL” button to enter Relative mode. The meter stores the present reading as a reference for

subsequent measurements. “ ” appears as a Relative mode indicator, and the display reads zero.

In Relative mode, when you perform a new measurement, the display shows the difference between the

reference and the new measurement.

To exit the Relative mode, just press the “REL” button again. “ ” disappears.

Note: • The meter enters manual range mode when you enter the Relative mode.

• When you use Relative mode, the actual value of the object under test must not exceed the full-

range reading of the selected range. Use a higher measurement range if necessary.

• Relative mode is not available in diode and continuity test functions.

Press and hold down this “REL” button for 1 second to turn on the USB communication function, “ ”

will appear on the display as an indication. To turn off the USB communication function, press and hold

down this “REL” button for 1 second again. “ ” disappears.

5. “DWL” Button

This “DWL” button can be used to select dwell measurement function or switch between resistance and

continuity test functions.

When the meter is in RPM IG function, you can press this “DWL” button to select dwell measurement

mode; “DWL°” will appear on the display as an indication. Dwell is the number of degrees of distributor

rotation where the points remains closed. Dwell can be measured for 1 to 12 cylinders. The conversion

between duty cycle and dwell can be obtained using the following formula:

% Duty Cycle = Dwell (in degrees) × No. of Cylinders × 100%

360 degrees

Dwell = 360 degrees ×% Duty Cycle

No. of Cylinders 100%

When the meter is in the dwell function, you can press the “DWL” button again or the “% DUTY” button to

return to the function the meter was in just before entering dwell function.

When the rotary switch is in the “Ω ” position, you can press the “DWL” button to switch between

resistance and continuity test functions. A continuity test can be used to verify that you have a closed

circuit. The continuity function detects opens and shorts lasting as little as 100 milliseconds. In the 400Ω

range, resistance of less than about 40Ω causes the built-in buzzer to sound. This can be a valuable

troubleshooting aid when looking for intermittent faults associated with connections, cables, relays,

switches, etc.

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