Microchip Technology MCP1632 Bedienungsanleitung

2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS50002321A

MCP1632

Single-Cell Li-Ion

Battery Charger Demo Board

User’s Guide

DS50002321A-page 2 2014 Microchip Technology Inc.

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ISBN: 978-1-63276-756-1

2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS50002321A-page 3

Object of Declaration: MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board

MCP1632 SINGLE-CELL

LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER

DEMO BOARD USER’S GUIDE

DS50002321A-page 4 2014 Microchip Technology Inc.

Table of Contents

Preface ...........................................................................................................................5

Introduction............................................................................................................ 5

Document Layout .................................................................................................. 5

Conventions Used in this Guide ............................................................................ 6

Recommended Reading........................................................................................ 7

The Microchip Web Site ........................................................................................ 7

Customer Support ................................................................................................. 7

Revision History .................................................................................................... 7

Chapter 1. Product Overview

1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 9

1.2 Board Features ............................................................................................... 9

1.3 Device Summary ............................................................................................ 9

1.4 Technical Specifications ............................................................................... 10

1.5 Functional Description .................................................................................. 10

1.6 What Does the MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board In-

clude? ..................................................................................................... 11

Chapter 2. Installation and Operation

2.1 Getting Started ............................................................................................. 13

2.1.1 Additional Components Required for Operation ........................................ 13

2.2 Setup Procedure ......................................................................................... 13

2.2.1 Demo Board Output Current Configuration ............................................... 13

2.2.2 Connecting the Single-Cell Battery ........................................................... 14

2.2.3 Powering the Board ................................................................................... 14

2.2.4 Using the Reference Board ....................................................................... 14

2.3 Evaluating the Application ............................................................................ 15

2.4 Firmware description .................................................................................... 15

2.4.1 Main Loop Description ............................................................................... 16

2.4.2 State Machine Description ........................................................................ 17

Appendix A. Schematic and Layouts

A.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 21

A.2 Board – Schematic ....................................................................................... 22

A.3 Board – Top Silk .......................................................................................... 23

A.4 Board – Top Copper and Silk ....................................................................... 24

A.5 Board – Top Copper .................................................................................... 25

A.6 Board – Bottom Copper ............................................................................... 26

A.7 Board – Bottom Copper and Silk ................................................................. 27

Appendix B. Bill of Materials (BOM)

Worldwide Sales and Service ....................................................................................32

MCP1632 SINGLE-CELL

LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER

DEMO BOARD USER’S GUIDE

2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS50002321A-page 5

Preface

INTRODUCTION

This chapter contains general information that will be useful to know before using the

MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board. Items discussed in this

chapter include:

• Document Layout

• Conventions Used in this Guide

• Recommended Reading

• The Microchip Web Site

• Customer Support

• Revision History

DOCUMENT LAYOUT

This document describes how to use the MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger

Demo Board as a development tool to emulate and debug firmware on a target board,

as well as how to program devices. The document is organized as follows:

•Chapter 1. “Product Overview” – Important information about the MCP1632

Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board.

•Chapter 2. “Installation and Operation” – Includes instructions on how to get

• • started with this user’s guide and a description of the user’s guide.

•Appendix A. “Schematic and Layouts” – Shows the schematic and layout

diagrams for the MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board.

•Appendix B. “Bill of Materials (BOM)” – Lists the parts used to build the

MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board.

NOTICE TO CUSTOMERS

All documentation becomes dated, and this manual is no exception. Microchip tools and

documentation are constantly evolving to meet customer needs, so some actual dialogs

and/or tool descriptions may differ from those in this document. Please refer to our web site

(www.microchip.com) to obtain the latest documentation available.

Documents are identified with a “DS” number. This number is located on the bottom of each

page, in front of the page number. The numbering convention for the DS number is

“DSXXXXXXXXA”, where “XXXXXXXX” is the document number and “A” is the revision level

of the document.

For the most up-to-date information on development tools, see the MPLAB®IDE online help.

Select the Help menu, and then Topics to open a list of available online help files.

MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board User’s Guide

DS50002321A-page 6 2014 Microchip Technology Inc.

CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS GUIDE

This manual uses the following documentation conventions:

DOCUMENTATION CONVENTIONS

Description Represents Examples

Arial font:

Italic characters Referenced books MPLAB®IDE User’s Guide

Emphasized text ...is the only compiler...

Initial caps A window the Output window

A dialog the Settings dialog

A menu selection select Enable Programmer

Quotes A field name in a window or

dialog

“Save project before build”

Underlined, italic text with

right angle bracket

A menu path File>Save

Bold characters A dialog button Click OK

A tab Click the Power tab

N‘Rnnnn A number in verilog format,

where N is the total number of

digits, R is the radix and n is a

digit.

4‘b0010, 2‘hF1

Text in angle brackets < > A key on the keyboard Press <Enter>, <F1>

Courier New font:

Plain Courier New Sample source code #define START

Filenames autoexec.bat

File paths c:\mcc18\h

Keywords _asm, _endasm, static

Command-line options -Opa+, -Opa-

Bit values 0, 1

Constants 0xFF, ‘A’

Italic Courier New A variable argument file.o, where file can be

any valid filename

Square brackets [ ] Optional arguments mcc18 [options] file

[options]

Curly brackets and pipe

character: { | }

Choice of mutually exclusive

arguments; an OR selection

errorlevel {0|1}

Ellipses... Replaces repeated text var_name [,

var_name...]

Represents code supplied by

user

void main (void)

{ ...

}

Preface

2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS50002321A-page 7

RECOMMENDED READING

This user's guide describes how to use the MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Char-

ger Demo Board. Other useful documents are listed below. The following Microchip

documents are available and recommended as supplemental reference resources.

• MCP1632 Data Sheet – “High-Speed, Low-Side PWM Controller”

(DS20005254)

THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE

Microchip provides online support via our web site at www.microchip.com. This web

site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers.

Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the web site contains the following

information:

•Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample

programs, design resources, user’s guides and hardware support documents,

latest software releases and archived software

•General Technical Support – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), technical

support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip consultant program

member listing

•Business of Microchip – Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip

press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices,

distributors and factory representatives

CUSTOMER SUPPORT

Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels:

• Distributor or Representative

• Local Sales Office

• Field Application Engineer (FAE)

• Technical Support

Customers should contact their distributor, representative or field application engineer

(FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of

sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document.

Technical support is available through the web site at:

http://www.microchip.com/support.

REVISION HISTORY

Revision A (November 2014)

• Initial release of this document.

MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board User’s Guide

DS50002321A-page 8 2014 Microchip Technology Inc.

NOTES:

MCP1632 SINGLE CELL

LI-ION BATTERY CHARGER

DEMO BOARD USER’S GUIDE

2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS50002321A-page 9

Chapter 1. Product Overview

1.1 INTRODUCTION

The MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board is a step-up/step-down,

switch-mode, DC/DC converter used for battery charging applications. The demo

board provides a 4.2V constant voltage source. Other output voltages can be obtained

with minor modifications to the board’s Bill of Materials (BOM).

The MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board is an intelligent battery

charging system for a single-cell Lithium-Ion battery. MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Bat-

tery Charger Demo Board utilizes Microchip's MCP1632 high-speed Pulse-Width Mod-

ulator (PWM). The 8-pin MCP1632 device contains all the analog components

necessary for a peak current mode control loop including an error amplifier, PWM

comparator and a high-current driver output pin.

An 8-pin PIC12F1822 microcontroller is used to implement the charging algorithm. In

addition, the PIC12F1822 firmware supervises the battery voltage and current.

1.2 BOARD FEATURES

The MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board has the following

features:

• Compact size, highly efficient battery charger

• Can operate in Buck (step-down) or Boost (step-up) mode

• Maximum output current: 1500 mA; can be adjusted via firmware

• Chemistry-optimized charging algorithm

• Maximum output power: 7W

• Factory-programmed source code provided

• Additional application functions can be implemented in the firmware

1.3 DEVICE SUMMARY

The MCP1632 Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board uses the following

primary devices on the board:

• MCP1632 high-speed current mode PWM controller. – When used in conjunction

with a microcontroller, the MCP1632 will control the power system duty cycle to

provide output current and/or voltage regulation.

• PIC12F1822 microcontroller (8-bit MCU) – Used to implement the charging algo-

rithm and to provide additional software functions like protections.

• MCP1703 low dropout regulator (LDO) – Used to supply regulated voltage (+5V)

to the PIC12F1822 microcontroller and the MCP1632 PWM controller

• MCP6021 operational amplifier – Used for the current sensing circuit.

MCP1632 Single Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger Demo Board User’s Guide

DS50002321A-page 10 2014 Microchip Technology Inc.

1.4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

• Input voltage: +4.5V to +12V

• Load disconnect protection software configurable

• Typical output current: 1000 mA

• Maximum output current: 1500 mA (with firmware adjustments)

• Typical output power: 4.2W (maximum 7W at +25°C degree ambient temperature)

• Fully protected against Short-Circuit and No Load condition

• Figure 1-1 shows a simplified block diagram of the application

FIGURE 1-1: MCP1632 Block Diagram.

1.5 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

MCP1632 provides all the analog functions necessary to implement a stand-alone

switch-mode power converter. When combined with an external microcontroller, the

MCP1632 can be used to implement different intelligent converters like those

necessary for battery chargers.

The power train of this application uses the Single-Ended Primary Inductor Converter

(SEPIC) topology. This topology offers buck-boost functionality and also has

non-pulsating input current.

The converter provides constant voltage with limited current at the output, necessary

for certain battery charging applications (ex. Li-Ion-based batteries).

The output voltage is measured with a voltage divider resistor pair (R1, R5). This

voltage must be precisely 4.2V, required by the battery chemistry.

The average current in the L1B inductor, which is also the output current of the

converter, is sensed using a 0.1shunt resistor (RS). As the voltage across the shunt

resistor is negative, a -10x amplifier (U3) is used for battery charging current sensing.

The conversion gain of this circuit is 1V/A.

The PWM output available from the PIC12F1822 microcontroller is used to control the

reference voltage of the MCP1632 using the circuit created with D2 and R3 components.

Maximum output current is set by the PIC12F1822 microcontroller.

MCP1632

RVREF

CSS

VIN

VREF

COMP

VEXT

GND

VIN

LDO

RSENSE

RSLOPE

L1A

-CIN

COUT

L1B

C10 R9

R12

Battery

PIC12F1822

VSENSE

CSENSE

VSENSE

Status

AN1

AN2

PWM

I/O

VCC

R13

MCP6021

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