Novell ACCESS MANAGER 3.1 SP1 - SSL VPN SERVER GUIDE... Bedienungsanleitung

Novell®

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novdocx (en) 19 February 2010

AUTHORIZED DOCUMENTATION

Novell Access Manager 3.1 SP1 SSL VPN Server Guide

Access Manager

3.1 SP1

March 17, 2010

SSL VPN Server Guide

novdocx (en) 19 February 2010

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4Novell Access Manager 3.1 SP1 SSL VPN Server Guide

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Contents 5

Contents

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About This Guide 11

Part I Overview of SSL VPN 13

1 SSL VPN Features 15

2 Traditional and ESP-Enabled SSL VPNs 19

2.1 ESP-Enabled Novell SSL VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

2.2 Traditional Novell SSL VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

2.3 High and Low Bandwidth SSL VPNs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

3 SSL VPN Client Modes 23

3.1 Enterprise Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

3.1.1 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3.1.2 User Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3.2 Kiosk Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Part II Installing and Deploying the SSL VPN Server 27

4 Installing the SSL VPN Server 29

4.1 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

4.2 Limitations With 64-Bit Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

4.3 Installing ESP-Enabled SSL VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

4.3.1 Deployment Scenarios. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

4.3.2 Installing the ESP-Enabled SSL VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

4.4 Installing the Traditional Novell SSL VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

4.4.1 Deployment Scenarios. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

4.4.2 Installing the Traditional Novell SSL VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

4.5 Installing the RPM Containing Key For High Bandwidth SSL VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

4.6 Uninstalling the RPM Containing Key For High Bandwidth SSL VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

4.7 Verifying That Your SSL VPN Service Is Installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

5 Upgrading SSL VPN Servers 43

5.1 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

5.2 Upgrade Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

5.3 Upgrading SSL VPN Installed on a Separate Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

5.4 Migrating a Traditional SSL VPN Server to the ESP-Enabled Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

5.4.1 Upgrade Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

5.4.2 Migrating Traffic Policies from Traditional SSL VPN to ESP- Enabled SSL VPN . . . 48

5.5 Upgrading Clustered SSL VPN Servers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

5.6 Updating Configuration Changes to the Upgraded Server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

5.7 Configuration Changes to the SSL VPN Server Installed with the Linux Access Gateway . . . 50

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6 Preinstalling the SSL VPN Client Components 53

6.1 Installing Client Components for Linux. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

6.2 Installing Client Components for Macintosh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

6.3 Installing Client Components for Windows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

7 Uninstalling the SSL VPN Server 55

7.1 Deleting the Server from the Administration Console and from the Cluster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

7.2 Uninstalling the Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

8 Deploying SSL VPN 57

8.1 Installing ESP-Enabled SSL VPN on a Single Machine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

8.1.1 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

8.1.2 Deployment Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

8.2 Deploying a Cluster of Single-Machine SSL VPNs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

8.2.1 Deployment Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

8.2.2 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

8.2.3 Deployment Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

8.3 Deploying the Traditional Novell SSL VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

8.3.1 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

8.3.2 Deployment Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Part III Configuring SSL VPN 65

9 Configuring Authentication for ESP-Enabled Novell SSL VPN 67

10 Accelerating the Traditional Novell SSL VPN 69

10.1 Configuring the Default Identity Injection Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

10.2 Injecting the SSL VPN Header. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

11 Configuring the IP Address, Port, and NAT 75

11.1 Configuring the SSL VPN Gateway Behind NAT or L4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

11.2 Configuring the SSL VPN Gateway Without NAT or L4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

12 Configuring Route and Source NAT for Enterprise Mode 81

12.1 Configuring the OpenVPN Subnet in Routing Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

12.2 Configuring Source NAT for SSL VPN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

12.2.1 Configuring SNAT for Enterprise Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

12.2.2 Ordering SNAT Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

13 Configuring DNS Servers and Certificates 85

13.1 Configuring DNS Servers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

13.1.1 Configuring DNS Servers for Enterprise Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

13.1.2 Configuring DNS Servers for Kiosk Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

13.2 Configuring Certificate Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Contents 7

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14 Configuring End-Point Security and Access Policies for SSL VPN 89

14.1 Configuring Policies to Check the Integrity of Client Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

14.1.1 Selecting the Operating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

14.1.2 Configuring the Category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

14.1.3 Configuring Applications for a Category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

14.1.4 Configuring Attributes for an Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

14.1.5 Exporting and Importing Client Integrity Check Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

14.2 Configuring Client Security Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

14.3 Configuring Traffic Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

14.3.1 Configuring Traffic Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

14.3.2 Rule Ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

14.3.3 Exporting and Importing Traffic Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

15 Configuring How Users Connect to SSL VPN 101

15.1 Configuring Users to Connect Only in Enterprise Mode or Kiosk Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

15.2 Allowing Users to Select the SSL VPN Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

15.3 Configuring SSL VPN to Download the Java Applet on Internet Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

15.4 Configuring a Custom Login Policy for SSL VPN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

15.5 Customizing SSL VPN User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

15.5.1 Customizing the Home Page and Exit Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

15.5.2 Customizing Error Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

15.5.3 Modifying Help Pages for the Customized Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

16 Configuring Full Tunneling 107

17 Configuring SSL VPN to Connect through a Forward Proxy 109

17.1 Understanding How SSL VPN Connects Through a Forward Proxy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

17.2 Creating the proxy.conf File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

18 Configuring SSL VPN for Citrix Clients 111

18.1 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

18.2 How It Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

18.3 Configuring a Custom Login Policy for Citrix Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

18.4 Configuring the Access Gateway to protect the Citrix Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

18.5 Configuring Single Sign-On Between Citrix and SSL VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

19 Additional Configurations 117

19.1 Creating DH Certificates with Different Key Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

19.2 Creating a Configuration File to Add Additional Configuration Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

19.3 Disconnecting Active SSL VPN Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

19.4 Modifying SSL VPN Server Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Part IV Clustering the High Bandwidth SSL VPN Servers 121

20 Overview of SSL VPN Clusters 123

20.1 Cluster Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

20.2 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

20.3 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

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21 Creating a Cluster of SSL VPN Servers 125

21.1 Creating a Cluster of SSL VPN Servers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

21.2 Adding An SSL VPN Server to a Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

21.3 Removing an SSL VPN Server from a Cluster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

22 Clustering SSL VPN by Using L4 129

22.1 Configuring a Cluster of ESP-Enabled SSL VPNs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

22.2 Configuring a Cluster of Traditional SSL VPNs by Using L4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

23 Clustering SSL VPNs By Using Access Gateway and Without L4 133

23.1 Configuring the Access Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

23.2 Installing the Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

23.3 Testing the Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

24 Configuring SSL VPN to Monitor Health of Cluster 135

24.1 Services of the Real Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

24.1.1 A Note about Alteon Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

24.1.2 Real Server Settings Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

24.1.3 Virtual Server Settings Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

24.2 Monitoring the SSL VPN Server Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Part V Monitoring the SSL VPN Servers 139

25 Enabling SSL VPN Audit Events 141

26 Viewing SSL VPN Statistics 143

26.1 Viewing Statistics of SSL VPN Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

26.2 Viewing Statistics of SSL VPN Server Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

26.3 Viewing the Bytes Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

27 Monitoring Health of SSL VPN Servers 147

27.1 Monitoring Health of Single Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

27.2 Monitoring Health of SSL VPN Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

28 Viewing the Command Status of the SSL VPN Server 149

28.1 Viewing Command Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

29 Monitoring SSL VPN Alerts 151

29.1 Configuring SSL VPN Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

29.2 Viewing SSL VPN Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

29.3 Viewing SSL VPN Cluster Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Contents 9

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Part VI Troubleshooting SSL VPN 155

30 Troubleshooting SSL VPN Installation 157

30.1 Manually Uninstalling the Enterprise Mode Thin Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

30.2 SSL VPN Health Status is Yellow After an Upgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

31 Troubleshooting SSL VPN Configuration 159

31.1 Successfully Connecting to the Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

31.1.1 Connection Problems with Mozilla Firefox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

31.1.2 Connection Problems with Internet Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

31.2 The SSL VPN Server Is in a Pending State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

31.3 SSL VPN Connects in Kiosk Mode, But There Is No Data Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

31.4 The TFTP Application and GroupWise Notify Do Not Work in Enterprise Mode . . . . . . . . . . 162

31.5 SSL VPN Not Reporting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

31.5.1 Verifying and Restarting JCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

31.5.2 Verifying and Restarting the SSL VPN Server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

31.6 Verifying SSL VPN Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

31.6.1 SSL VPN Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

31.6.2 SSL VPN Linux Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

31.6.3 SSL VPN Macintosh Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

31.6.4 SSL VPN Windows Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

31.7 Unable to Contact the SSL VPN Server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

31.8 Unable to Get Authentication Headers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

31.9 The SSL VPN Connection Is Successful But There Is No Data Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

31.10 Unable to Connect to the SSL VPN Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

31.11 Multiple Instances of SSL VPN Are Running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

31.12 Issue with the Preinstalled Enterprise Mode Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

31.13 Socket Exception Error After Upgrading SSL VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

31.14 SSL VPN Server Is Unable to Handle the Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

31.15 Embedded Service Provider Status Is Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

31.16 Connection Manager Log Does Not Display the Client IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

31.17 SSL VPN Full Tunnel Connection Disconnects on VMware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

31.18 Clustering Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

31.18.1 Bringing Up the Server If a Cluster Member Is Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

31.18.2 Bringing Up a Binary If It Is Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

31.18.3 Debugging a Cluster If Session Sharing Doesn’t Properly Happen. . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

10 Novell Access Manager 3.1 SP1 SSL VPN Server Guide

novdocx (en) 19 February 2010

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