Novell OPEN ENTERPRISE SERVER CLUSTER SERVICES 1.8.2 -... Bedienungsanleitung

Novell

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novdocx (ENU) 29 January 2007

OES Novell Cluster Services 1.8.2 Administration Guide for Linux

Open Enterprise Server

April, 2007

NOVELL CLUSTER SERVICESTM 1.8.2

ADMINISTRATION GUIDE FOR LINUX*

novdocx (ENU) 29 January 2007

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novdocx (ENU) 29 January 2007

Contents 5

Contents

novdocx (ENU) 29 January 2007

About This Guide 7

1Overview 9

1.1 Product Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.2 Product Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.3 Cluster Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

1.3.1 Cluster Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

2What’sNew 15

3 Installation and Setup 17

3.1 Hardware Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.2 Software Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.3 Shared Disk System Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3.4 Rules for Operating a Novell Cluster Services SAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3.5 Installing Novell Cluster Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3.5.1 Novell Cluster Services Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

3.5.2 Installing Novell Cluster Services during the OES Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

3.5.3 Installing Novell Cluster Services after the OES Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3.5.4 Starting and Stopping Novell Cluster Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

3.6 Converting a NetWare Cluster to Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

3.6.1 Changing Existing NetWare Cluster Nodes to Linux (Rolling Cluster Conversion) . . 21

3.6.2 Adding New Linux Nodes to Your NetWare Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

3.6.3 Mixed NetWare and Linux Clusters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3.6.4 Finalizing the Cluster Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

3.7 Setting Up Novell Cluster Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

3.7.1 Creating NSS Shared Disk Partitions and Pools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

3.7.2 Creating NSS Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

3.7.3 Cluster Enabling NSS Pools and Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

3.7.4 Creating Traditional Linux Volumes on Shared Disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

3.7.5 Expanding EVMS Volumes on Shared Disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

3.7.6 Cluster Enabling Traditional Linux Volumes on Shared Disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3.7.7 Creating Cluster Resource Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

3.7.8 Creating Cluster Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

3.7.9 Configuring Load Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

3.7.10 Configuring Unload Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

3.7.11 Setting Start, Failover, and Failback Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

3.7.12 Assigning Nodes to a Resource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

3.8 Configuration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

3.8.1 Editing Quorum Membership and Timeout Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

3.8.2 Cluster Protocol Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

3.8.3 Cluster IP Address and Port Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

3.8.4 Resource Priority. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

3.8.5 Cluster E-Mail Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

3.8.6 Cluster Node Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

3.9 Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

6OES Novell Cluster Services 1.8.2 Administration Guide for Linux

novdocx (ENU) 29 January 2007

4 Managing Novell Cluster Services 49

4.1 Migrating Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

4.2 Identifying Cluster and Resource States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

4.3 Novell Cluster Services Console Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

4.4 Customizing Cluster Services Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

4.5 Novell Cluster Services File Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

4.6 Additional Cluster Operating Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

4.6.1 Connecting to an iSCSI Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

4.6.2 Adding a Node That Was Prevously in the Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.6.3 Cluster Maintenance Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.6.4 Shutting Down Linux Servers When Servicing Shared Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.6.5 Preventing Cluster Node Reboot after Node Shutdown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.6.6 Problems Authenticating to Remote Servers during Cluster Configuration . . . . . . . . 59

4.6.7 Reconfiguring a Cluster Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

4.6.8 Device Name Required to Create a Cluster Partition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

4.6.9 Creating a Cluster Partition (SBD Partition) after Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

4.6.10 Mirroring SBD (Cluster) Partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

A Documentation Updates 61

A.1 December 23, 2005 (Open Enterprise Server SP2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

About This Guide

novdocx (ENU) 29 January 2007

About This Guide

This guide describes how to install, upgrade, configure, and manage Novell®Cluster ServicesTM. It

is intended for cluster administrators and is divided into the following sections:

Chapter 1, “Overview,” on page 9

Chapter 2, “What’s New,” on page 15

Chapter 3, “Installation and Setup,” on page 17

Chapter 4, “Managing Novell Cluster Services,” on page 49

Appendix A, “Documentation Updates,” on page 61

Audience

This guide is intended for intended for anyone involved in installing, configuring, and managing

Novell Cluster Services.

Feedback

We want to hear your comments and suggestions about this manual and the other documentation

included with this product. Please use the User Comments feature at the bottom of each page of the

online documentation, or go to www.novell.com/documentation/feedback.html and enter your

comments there.

Documentation Updates

The latest version of this Novell Cluster Services for Linux Administration Guide is available on the

OES documentation Web site (http://www.novell.com/documentation/lg/oes).

Documentation Conventions

In Novell documentation, a greater-than symbol (>) is used to separate actions within a step and

items in a cross-reference path.

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trademark.

8OES Novell Cluster Services 1.8.2 Administration Guide for Linux

novdocx (ENU) 29 January 2007

Overview

novdocx (ENU) 29 January 2007

Overview

Novell®Cluster ServicesTM is a server clustering system that ensures high availability and

manageability of critical network resources including data, applications, and services. It is a

multinode clustering product for Linux that is enabled for Novell eDirectoryTM and supports failover,

failback, and migration (load balancing) of individually managed cluster resources.

1.1 Product Features

Novell Cluster Services includes several important features to help you ensure and manage the

availability of your network resources. These include:

Support for shared SCSI, iSCSI or fibre channel storage area networks.

Multinode all-active cluster (up to 32 nodes). Any server in the cluster can restart resources

(applications, services, IP addresses, and file systems) from a failed server in the cluster.

A single point of administration through the browser-based Novell iManager cluster

configuration and monitoring GUI. iManager also lets you remotely manage your cluster.

The ability to tailor a cluster to the specific applications and hardware infrastructure that fit

your organization.

Dynamic assignment and reassignment of server storage on an as-needed basis.

The ability to automatically notify administrators through e-mail of cluster events and cluster

state changes.

1.2 Product Benefits

Novell Cluster Services allows you to configure up to 32 Linux servers into a high-availability

cluster, where resources can be dynamically switched or moved to any server in the cluster.

Resources can be configured to automatically switch or be moved in the event of a server failure, or

they can be moved manually to troubleshoot hardware or balance the workload.

Novell Cluster Services provides high availability from commodity components. Lower costs are

obtained through the consolidation of applications and operations onto a cluster. The ability to

manage a cluster from a single point of control and to adjust resources to meet changing workload

requirements (thus, manually “load balance” the cluster) are also important benefits of Novell

Cluster Services.

An equally important benefit of implementing Novell Cluster Services is that you can reduce

unplanned service outages as well as planned outages for software and hardware maintenance and

upgrades.

Reasons you would want to implement Novell Cluster Services include the following:

Increased availability

Improved performance

Low cost of operation

Scalability

Disaster recovery

10 OES Novell Cluster Services 1.8.2 Administration Guide for Linux

novdocx (ENU) 29 January 2007

Data protection

Server Consolidation

Storage Consolidation

Shared disk fault tolerance can be obtained by implementing RAID on the shared disk subsystem.

An example of the benefits Novell Cluster Services provides can be better understood through the

following scenario.

Suppose you have configured a three-server cluster, with a Web server installed on each of the three

servers in the cluster. Each of the servers in the cluster hosts two Web sites. All the data, graphics,

and Web page content for each Web site is stored on a shared disk subsystem connected to each of

the servers in the cluster. The following figure depicts how this setup might look.

Figure 1-1 Three-Server Cluster

During normal cluster operation, each server is in constant communication with the other servers in

the cluster and performs periodic polling of all registered resources to detect failure.

Suppose Web Server 1 experiences hardware or software problems and the users depending on Web

Server 1 for Internet access, e-mail, and information lose their connections. The following figure

shows how resources are moved when Web Server 1 fails.

Figure 1-2 Three-Server Cluster after One Server Fails

Web Server 3

Web Site C

Web Site D

Web Server 2

Fibre Channel Switch

Web Site E

Web Site F

Web Site A

Web Site B

Web Server 1

Web Server 1 Web Server 3

Web Site A

Web Site C

Web Site D

Web Server 2

Fibre Channel Switch

Shared Disk

stem

Web Site B

Web Site E

Web Site F

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