Orban RET-041 Betriebsanleitung

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Andere Orban Computerhardware Handbücher

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Installation

and

Operation

Instructions

RETROFIT

KIT

RET-041

For

OPTIMOD-AM

Model

9100A/1

( ono)

Purpose:

Adds

NRSC

Pre-e phasis

and

10kHz

Low-pass

Filter

(Retrofit

Kit

RET-033

must

first

be

installed

in

units

with

serial

numbers

below

700000.)

This

kit

modifies

the

Model

9100 /1

OPTIMOD- M®

to

provide

the

pre-emphasis

and

1

0kHz

low-pass

filtering

that

is

recommended

by

the

National

Radio

Systems

Commit



tee

(NRSC).

12kHz

and

5kHz

low-pass

filtering

are

provided

for

stations

that

require

them.

The

filters

can

be

preset,

or

can

be

switched

by

OPTIMOD- M

’

s

day/night

logic.

This

kit

also

provides

a

means

of

de-emphasizing

the

NRSC

pre-emphasized

signal

for

monitoring.

Retrofit

Kit

RET-041

contains:

1

Card#1F10

1

BLUE

NRSC

Pre-emphasis

Module

2

30-gauge

wires

1

Label,

“

Special

Modification"

1

Resistor,

100Q

±5%,

1

/

4

-watt,

carbon

film

2

Resistors,

620Q

±5%,

1

/

4

-watt,

carbon

film

1

Capacitor,

0.1

8pF

±5%,

1

0O-volt,

metallized

polyester

1

NRSC

Compliance

Card

1

Installation

and

Operation

Instructions

These

instructions

first

discuss

the

reasons

behind

the

NRSC

recommendations

(starting

on

the

following

page),

then

explain

how

to

install

the

retrofit

(on

page

3).

Installation

consists

of

positioning

jumpers,

setting

controls,

plugging

a

pre-emphasis

module

into

a

socket,

and

inserting

a

new

circuit

card

into

a

rack

slot.

simple

de



emphasis

circuit

can

be

installed

for

off-air

monitoring.

In

older

units

(with

serial

numbers

below

700000),

two

jumpers

must

be

attached

to

the

motherboard

and

a

socket

and

interconnections

for

pre-emphasis

modules

must

be

installed.

(The

socket

and

interconnections

are

supplied

as

RET-033,

to

be

ordered

separately.)

Installation

of

this

retrofit

kit

affects

certain

parts

of

the

91

00A

Operating

Manual,

so

a

list

of

changes

to

the

manual

is

included

(on

page

9).

lso

included

are

field

alignment

and

performance

verification

instructions

(on

page

11),

a

circuit

description

(on

page

18),

a

parts

list

(on

page

23),

and

schematics

and

assembly

drawings

(on

page

26)

for

Card

#1F10.

95307-000-01

6/87

Orban

Associates

Inc.

45

Bryant

Street

San

Francisco,

CA

94107

Main:

(415)

957-10 3

Sales:

(415)

957-10 7

Telex:

17-1480

page

2

RET-041

Instructions

95307-000-01

6/87

Why

the

New

NRSC

Standard?

Over

the

years,

as

the

air

waves

became

more

crowded,

interference

from

first

and

second

adjacent

stations

became

more

and

more

of

a

problem.

Receiver

manufacturers

responded

by

producing

receivers

with

decreased

audio

bandwidth,

so

that

the

encroachment

of

an

adjacent

station

’

s

modulation

extremes

would

not

be

audible

as

interference.

This

truncating

of

the

bandwidth

had

the

effect

of

diminishing

the

receiver

’

s

high-frequency

response,

but

it

was

felt

that

lower

fidelity

would

be

less

obnoxious

than

interference.

s

long

ago

as

1978,

Orban

proposed

and

implemented

pre-emphasis

and

low-pass

filtering

for

M

broadcast

to

provide

brighter

sound

at

the

receiver

while

minimizing

interference.

This

approach

has

become

widely

accepted.

Now

the

NRSC

has

formalized

a

standard

which

is

acceptable

to

all

industry

segments,

and

which

can,

if

promptly

implemented,

result

in

a

vast

improvement

in

M

radio.

AM

Stereo

Introduces

a

Pre-e phasis

Dile a

Certain

M

receivers

manufactured

since

1984,

particularly

those

designed

for

domestic

M

stereo

reception,

have

a

frequency

response

which

is

substantially

wider

than

that

of

the

typical

mono

M

receiver.

The

frequency

response

was

widened

largely

to

enhance

the

sales

potential

of

M

stereo

by

presenting

a

dramatic,

audible

improvement

in

fidelity

in

the

showroom.

s

these

new

receivers

became

more

prevalent,

broadcasters

had

to

choose

whether

the

station

’

s

pre-emphasis

would

be

optimized

for

the

new

M

stereo

receivers

or

for

the

existing

conventional

receivers

that

form

the

vast

majority

of

the

market.

If

the

choice

was

for

conventional

receivers

(which

implies

a

relatively

extreme

pre-emphasis),

the

newer

receivers

might

sound

strident

or

exceptionally

bright

If

the

choice

favored

the

newer

receivers

(less

pre-emphasis

and

probably

less

processing),

the

majority

of

receivers

would

be

deprived

of

much

high-end

energy

and

would

sound

both

quieter

and

duller.

NRSC

Standard

Pre-e phasis

and

Low-pass

Filtering

In

response

to

this

dilemma,

the

National

Radio

Systems

Committee

(NRSC)

undertook

the

difficult

task

of

defining

a

voluntary

recommended

pre-emphasis

curve

for

M

radio

that

would

be

acceptable

to

broadcasters

(who

want

the

highest

quality

sound

on

the

majority

of

their

listeners

’

radios)

and

to

receiver

manufacturers

(who

are

primarily

concerned

with

interference

from

first-

and

second-adjacent

stations).

fter

a

year

of

deliberation,

a

“

modified

75-microsecond

”

pre-emphasis/de-emphasis

standard

was

approved.

This

provides

a

moderate

amount

of

improvement

for

existing

narrowband

radios,

while

optimizing

the

sound

of

wideband

radios.

Most

importantly,

it

generates

sub



stantially

less

first-adjacent

interference

than

do

steeper

pre-emphasis

curves.

The

second

part

of

the

NRSC

standard

calls

for

a

sharp

upper

limit

of

10kHz

for

the

audio

presented

to

the

transmitter.

This

essentially

eliminates

interference

to

second

and

higher

adjacencies.

While

some

have

protested

that

this

is

inadequate

and

that

15kHz

audio

should

be

permitted,

the

unfortunate

fact

is

that

interference-free

15kHz

audio

could

only

be

achieved

by

a

complete

re-allocation

of

the

M

band!

The

practical

effect

of

widespread

implementation

of

the

10kHz

standard

is

that

10kHz

radios

will

then

be

feasible,

and

the

bandwidth

perceived

95307-000-01

6/87

RET-041

Instructions

page

3

by

the

average

consumer

(now

limited

by

the

receiver

to

3kHz,

typically)

will

be

dramatically

improved.

On

much

mass-market

equipment,

it

will

be

difficult

to

tell

M

from

FM.

The

radio

manufacturers

participating

in

the

NRSC

stated

emphatically

that

reduction

in

interference

must

be

demonstrated

by

broadcasters

before

receiver

manufacturers

would

be

willing

to

release

true

wideband

(10kHz

audio

bandwidth)

receivers

to

the

mass

market

This

is

rational

—

the

receiver

manufacturers

can

lose

millions

of

dollars

if

they

produce

receivers

that

are

rejected

as

noisy

or

interference-prone

by

consumers.

In

contrast,

broadcasters

can

easily

change

pre-emphasis

and

filtering

with

very

little

expense.

Therefore,

al±ough

this

standard

is

voluntary,

we

strongly

recommend

conformance

to

it.

We

are

convinced

that

use

of

this

more

modest

pre-emphasis

and

sharp

10kHz

filtering

by

broadcasters

is

the

only

factor

that

will

eventually

induce

the

receiver

manufacturers

to

build

and

mass-market

the

high-fidelity,

wideband

radios

which

would

allow

M

stations

to

compete

with

FM

in

audio

quality.

The

commitment

to

do

so

was

strongly

expressed

by

the

receiver

manufacturers

involved

in

the

NRSC

’

s

deliberations.

Installation

*

llow

about

30

minutes

for

this

retrofit

If

installation

of

Retrofit

Kit

RET-033

will

be

required

(as

it

may

for

units

with

serial

numbers

below

700000),

allow

a

total

of

up

to

F

hours.

1)

Open

the

front

panel

of

the

9100A/1,

remove

the

subpanel.

It

is

not

necessary

to

remove

the

unit

from

the

rack

(unless

Retrofit

Kit

RET-033

must

be

installed

—

see

step

4).

The

9100 /1

must,

however,

be

off

the

air

during

this

procedure.

a)

Remove

the

three

hex-socket

screws

at

the

top

of

the

front

panel

with

a

%4-inch

hex

wrench

(provided

with

the

unit),

then

tilt

the

hinged

front

panel

downward

to

reveal

the

interior.

b)

Set

the

C

POWER

switch

to

OFF.

c)

Loosen

the

four

DZUS

fasteners

on

the

subpanel

by

turning

each

%-tum

counterclock



wise

with

a

long

3

/i6-inch

or

* -inch

flat-blade

screwdriver.

d)

Taking

care

not

to

stress

the

flat

cables

beneath

it,

tilt

the

top

of

the

subpanel

outward

and

to

the

left

to

clear

the

upper

chassis

lip

and

the

door

support

rail

at

the

right

2)

Reposition

jumpers

on

Card

#7.

a)

Remove

Card

#7

from

its

slot.

b)

Place

jumper

on

Card

#7

in

the

“

C RD

1

INST LLED

”

position

(see

Fig.

1).

c)

Return

Card

#7

to

its

slot.

page

4

RET-041

Instructions

95307-000-01

6/87

(as

shipped)

ACCESSORY

PORT

INSTALLED

SEPARATION

TRIMMER

Fig.

1:

Jumper

Positions,

Card

#7

Fig.

2:

Jumper

Positions

and

Component

Locations,

Card

#4

95307-000-01

6/87

RET-041

Instructions

page

5

3)

Install

NRSC

pre-emphasis

module

on

Card

#4.

a)

Remove

Card

#4

from

its

slot.

b)

If

the

serial

number

of

your

9100 /1

is

below

700000,

install

Retrofit

Kit

RET-033

on

Card

#4

before

continuing

(instructions

are

provided

with

that

kit).

c)

Unplug

the

“

equalization

module

”

from

the

socket

on

Card

#4.

Do

not

remove

the

module

if

it

is

BLUE.

See

Fig.

2

for

location

of

the

module.

(On

some

earlier

versions

of

Card

#4,

the

socket

is

on

a

“

transition

board

”

assembly.)

d)

Insert

the

BLUE

NRSC

pre-emphasis

module

in

the

socket.

e)

Check

that

jumper

on

Card

#4

is

in

the

“

MONO

”

position.

f)

Return

Card

#4

to

its

slot.

)

If

your

serial

number

is

below

700000,

attach

jumpers

to

motherboard.

\[Skip

this

step

if

your

serial

number

is

700000

or

higher.]

a)

\Plug

an

extender

board

into

slot

#1.

b)

Turn

the

POS

peak

THRESH

control

fully

counterclockwise.

c)

Set

the

MODE

switch

to

OPER TE.

d)

Set

the

C

power

switch

to

ON.

e)

Measure

the

voltage

between

the

chassis

and

pin

U

and

between

the

chassis

and

pin

V.

If

these

voltages

are

about

-4.1

VDC

and

+4.1VDC,

respectively,

the

jumpers

are

already

in

place

and

you

may

skip

to

step

5.

\

f)

Set

the

C

POWER

switch

to

OFF.

\

g)

Disconnect

OPTIMOD- M

and

remove

it

from

the

rack.

h)

Remove

the

eight

screws

that

attach

the

top

cover

to

the

rear

panel

of

OPTIMOD- M.

lso

remove

the

eight

screws

that

attach

the

bottom

cover

to

the

rear

paneL

\

i)

Set

the

unit

on

a

padded

surface

with

the

rear

panel

facing

you

and

the

bottom

cover

down.

\

Leave

about

6

inches

(15cm)

between

the

rear

panel

and

the

edge

of

the

table.

Be

sure

the

C

power

cord

is

unplugged.

j)

Remove

the

three

groups

of

three

screws

circled

in

black

on

the

rear

panel.

k)

Very

carefully

pull

the

rear

panel

about

%-inch

toward

you,

and

then

tilt

the

top

of

the

rear

panel

down

until

the

rear

panel

is

horizontal.

Careful!

Watch

for

snags

in

the

wiring

or

stress

on

the

ceramic

capacitors

on

the

internal

divider

wall

or

RF

box.

These

capacitors

are

very

fragile

and

are

difficult

to

replace.

\

page

6

RET-041

Instructions

95307-000-01

6/87

Fig.

3:

Motherboard

Modification

(Only

for

units

with

serial

numbers

below

700000)

p)

Replace

the

25

screws

removed

above.

Do

not

tighten

screws

until

all

screws

are

loosely

in

place.

q)

Return

OPTIMOD- M

to

rack,

connect

and

ground

unit

1)

On

the

motherboard,

tack

solder

the

supplied

30-gauge

insulated

hook-up

wire

from

pin

7-18

x

to

pin

1-U

(see

Fig.

3).

ard,

tack

solder

the

supplied

30-gauge

insulated

hook-up

wire

from

see

Fig.

3).

pin

7-V

to

pin

1-

n)

Check

your

work

care

y.

Measure

the

voltage

between

the

chassis

and

pin

U

and

between

the

chassis

and

pin

V

with

the

POS

PE K

THRESH

control

fully

counterclockwise

(these

voltages

should

be

near

-4.1VDC

and

+4.1VDC,

respectively).

o)

Very

carefully

tilt

the

rear

panel

up

to

the

vertical

position,

and

the

push

the

rear

panel

forward

into

place.

Take

care

that

no

wires

are

pinched

between

the

panel

and

the

chassis.

m)

On

the

mothe

95307-000-01

6/87

RET-041

Instructions

page

7

5)

Install

Card

#1F1O.

a)

Remove

Card

#1

or

#1-F

from

slot

#1,

if

present.

b)

Position

jumpers

(night)

and

B

(day)

on

Card

#1F1O

to

select

the

desired

low-pass

filter

(see

Fig.

4).

You

may

select

5kHz,

10kHz,

or

12kHz

low-pass

filtering

in

any

combination

for

day

and

night

operation.

The

NRSC

standard

specifies

10kHz

low-pass

filtering

for

both

day

and

night

c)

Insert

Card

#1F1O

into

slot

#1.

#1F10

O

o

—

•

5kHz

—

»

QQ

[ooh

—

10kHz

—

-

fool

NRSC

(as

shipped)

O

O

-

—

12kHz

—

*

o

o

JUMPER-B

D Y

JUMPER

NIGHT

Fig.

4:

Low-pass

Filter

Jumper

Positions,

Card

#1

F1

0

)

Reinstall

subpanel

and

close

the

front

panel.

The

subpanel

should

al ays

be

replaced,

since

it

is

an

integral

part

of

the

chassis

RFI

protection.

a)

Taking

care

not

to

stress

the

flat

cables

beneath

it,

tilt

the

top

of

the

subpanel

inward

and

to

the

left

to

clear

the

upper

chassis

lip

and

the

door

support

at

the

right

b)

Turn

the

DZUS

fasteners

Mi-tum

clockwise.

The

DZUS

fasteners

turn

only

l

/

4

-tum.

Don

’

t

force

them,

lest

they

be

damaged

in

a

way

that

is

very

time

consuming

to

repair.

c)

Set

the

internal

C

POWER

switch

to

ON.

d)

Raise

the

front

panel

and

fasten

the

three

screws

that

secure

it

in

place.

page

8

RET-041

Instructions

95307-000-01

6/87

7)

Turn

the

HF

EQ

control

fully

clockwise.

This

instruction

supersedes

the

settings

shown

in

Fig.

4-6

(

“

Recommended

Initial

Control

djustments

”)

on

page

4-7

of

the

Third

Edition

of

the

9100

Operating

Manual.

You

may

wish

to

note

this

change

on

that

figure.

8)

Attach

the

supplied

“

Special

Modification

”

label

to

the

rear

panel.

9)

Install

NRSC

de-emphasis

circuit

for

monitoring.

The

CC-5

Monitor

Rolloff

Filters

supplied

with

9100 /1

units

were

designed

to

comple



ment

the

original

GREEN

module.

When

the

BLUE

module

is

used,

a

simple

de-emphasis

circuit

can

be

placed

between

the

audio

output

of

the

modulation

monitor

and

the

input

of

the

monitor

amplifier

to

provide

complementary

75gs

de-emphasis.

For

a

more

pre



cise

simulation

of

a

“

standard

”

NRSC

receiver

(including

a

10kHz

notch

filter

to

reduce

any

audible

artifacts

that

might

result

from

ringing

introduced

by

the

very

sharp

10kHz

low-pass

filter,

and

to

eliminate

10kHz

whistles

encountered

in

off-air

monitoring),

we

recommend

our

CC-023

NRSC

Monitor

Rolloff

Filter.

See

Fig.

5

for

a

schematic

of

the

simplified

rolloff

filter

and

information

about

installing

it

(the

parts

needed

are

included

in

this

kit).

Note

that

the

frequency

response

of

this

filter

is

correct

only

when

both

its

source

and

load

impedances

are

approximately

600

ohms,

and

that

resistors

or

pads

may

have

to

added

to

achieve

this.

Monitor

Rolloff

Filter

Monitor

A p

or

D.A.

Modulation

Monitor

Fig.

5:

NRSC

Simplified

75ps

Monitor

Rolloff

Filter

Schematic

95307-000-01

6/87

RET-041

Instructions

page

9

10)

Complete

and

mail

the

supplied

“

NRSC

Compliance

Card

”

.

s

explained

in

the

introduction

to

this

kit,

making

M

audio

quality

competitive

with

that

of

FM

depends

on

M

broadcasters

demonstrating

their

commitment

to

the

NRSC

standard.

The

N B

is

tallying

M

stations

as

they

implement

the

standard,

so

that

the

rate

of

implementation

and

the

total

number

of

equipped

stations

can

be

made

known

to

receiver

manufacturers.

Now

that

you

have

upgraded

your

equipment

to

the

standard,

complete

the

job

by

returning

the

NRSC

Compliance

Card

to

the

N B.

Operating

Manual

Changes

Installing

this

retrofit

kit

changes

or

invalidates

portions

of

the

9100

Operating

Manual.

The

following

changes

to

that

manual

update

it

to

include

this

retrofit.

To

prevent

future

errors,

we

recommend

marking

each

page

mentioned

below

with

“

See

Retrofit

Kit

RET-041

Instructions

”

.

(Page

references

are

to

the

Third

Edition

of

the

9100

Operating

Manual;

“

ddendum

#1

”

refers

to

ddendum

#1

to

that

manual)

1)

NRSC

pre-emphasis

is

supplied

by

a

BLUE

module

on

Card

#4

in

the

mono

9100 /1.

ddendum

#1

provides

information

about

these

modules.

In

the

main

body

of

the

9100

Operating

Manual,

the

following

pages

are

affected

by

this

change:

1-

4,

1-5

“

Introduction:

High-Frequency

Equalizer

”

3-

10

“

Installation:

Option

7

”

5-1,

5-2

“

Operating

Instructions:

Where

to

Start

”

5-4

“

Operating

Instructions:

HF

EQ

”

5-7,

5-8

“

Operating

Instructions:

On

High-Frequency

Equalization

”

4-

7

During

initial

set-up,

the

9100 /l

’

s

HF

EQ

control

should

be

turned

fully

clockwise.

This

instruction

supersedes

the

settings

shown

in

Fig.

4-6.

6-1

“

Proof

of

Performance

”

is

unaffected

by

this

change.

D-3

Program

equalizer

response

will

be

as

specified

in

ppendix

D

only

if

the

GREEN

module

is

installed.

We

continue

to

supply

the

older

RED,

YELLOW,

and

GREEN

modules

mentioned

in

the

9100

Operating

Manual

for

stations

(particularly

those

outside

North

merica)

which

may

prefer

other

HF

equalization.

See

ddendum

#1

for

more

information.

2)

The

CC-5

Monitor

Rolloff

Filter

supplied

with

9100 /1

units

was

designed

to

com



plement

the

original

GREEN

module.

The

installation

instructions

above

describe

how

to

apply

a

complementary

de-emphasis

for

off-air

monitoring

of

NRSC

standard

audio,

and

explain

when

it

might

be

preferable

to

use

the

optional

CC-023

Monitor

Rolloff

Filter

instead.

(See

ddendum

#1

for

information

about

monitor

rolloff

filtering

if

you

choose

to

use

one

of

the

alternate

pre-emphasis

modules.)

page

10

RET

—

041

Instructions

95307-000-01

6/87

This

change

affects

the

following

pages

in

the

9100

Operating

Manual:

2-

3

“

Various

pplication

Notes:

Monitor

Rolloff

Filters

”

3-

10

“

Installation:

Monitor

Rolloff

Filter

”

5-

3

“

Operating

Instructions:

Monitor

Rolloff

Filter

”

3)

Low-pass

filtering

is

selected

by

jumpers

on

Card

#1F1O.

Day

and

night

10kHz

low-pass

filtering

is

specified

in

the

NRSC

standard.

5kHz

and

12kHz

low-pass

filtering

are

also

available.

ny

of

these

three

low-pass

filtering

options

may

be

chosen

for

day

operation,

and

the

same

or

either

of

the

other

two

may

be

chosen

for

night

operation.

These

changes

in

low-pass

filtering

options

affect

the

following

pages:

1-1

“

Introduction

and

System

Description

”

1-7,

1-8

“

Introduction:

Output

Low-pass

Filter

and

Safety

Clipper

”

2-5

“

Various

pplication

Notes:

5kHz

Bandwidth

Limitation

”

4)

Card

#1F1O

replaces

Card

#1

or

#1-F.

Schematics

and

assembly

drawings

for

Card

#1F1O

are

included

in

these

instructions.

5)

The

specifications

after

installation

of

this

retrofit

are

essentially

the

same

as

those

given

in

ppendix

L

of

the

9100

Operating

Manual.

With

the

NRSC

10kHz

low-pass

filter

in

the

circuit,

total

system

frequency

response

is

better

than

+0.5dB,

-2.0dB,

5O-96OOHz.

OPTIMOD

is

a

registered

trademark

of

Orban

Associates

Inc.