ORTEC GEM10P4 Bedienungsanleitung
ORTEC ®
GEM Series Coaxial HPGe Detector
Product Configuration Guide
P-type Coaxial HPGe Detectors for High Performance Gamma
Spectroscopy in the Energy Range of ~40 keV and Up.
The majority of gamma spectroscopy applications such as those found in counting laboratories
involve the energy range ~40 keV upward. ORTEC GEM and Profile Series GEM detectors are
designed to cover this energy range.
All GEM Series feature:
• Efficiencies to 150%, higher on request.
• Excellent energy resolution and peak symmetry.
• Specified crystal dimensions in Profile models.
• SMART bias options.
• Harsh Environment (-HE) option.
• Low-background carbon fiber endcap options.
• PLUS preamplifier option for ultra-high-rate applications.
• Huge configuration flexibility: PopTop, Streamline and mechanically cooled options.
ORTEC offers GEM Series HPGe detectors with relative efficiencies1from 10% to 150% and beyond. The
detectors are manufactured from ORTEC-grown germanium crystals processed in our advanced
manufacturing facility in Oak Ridge, TN. The detectors are fabricated from P-type germanium with an outer contact of diffused Li and an inner contact of
ion-implanted boron.
ORTEC maintains a large stocklist of GEM detectors. Some of these have "super specifications," that is, a warranted energy resolution better than the usual
GEM warranted specifications.
The Following Specifications are Provided for each GEM Detector
• Energy resolution full-width half-maximum (FWHM) at 1.33-MeV and optimum shaping time.
• Relative Photopeak efficiency at 1.33 MeV.
• Peak-to-Compton ratio at 1.33 MeV.
• Peak shape ratio for the full-width tenth-maximum to the full-width half-maximum at 1.33 MeV.
• Energy resolution at 122 keV at optimum shaping time.
Configuration Guidelines
PopTop or Streamline (non-PopTop) Configuration
The essence of a PopTop detector system is that the HPGe detector element cryostat, preamplifier, and high voltage filter are housed in a detector “capsule”
which is then attached to an appropriate cryostat (Figure 2.)
In Streamline systems, the detector capsule is NOT demountable. Detector capsule and cryostat share the same vacuum. In configuration terms, this requires
a cryostat or cryostat/dewar selection with the cryostat having a matching diameter to the capsule endcap or an integrated cryocooling system (ICS). A
cryostat or ICS must always be ordered with a Streamline capsule, because they are integral.
The actual PopTop capsule has its own vacuum. It can be mounted on any of the available cryostats, cryostat/dewar combinations, or the X-COOLER III or
ICS-P4 mechanical cooling systems.
Certain cryostat configurations are available only as PopTop and others are available only as Streamline.
Fig. 1. Configuration of GEM Coaxial Germanium
Crystal.
1By convention, HPGe detectors are characterized by “relative efficiency”. Relative efficiency is defined as the efficiency of a point Co-60 source at 25 cm from the face of a
standard 3-inch x 3-inch right circular cylinder NaI(Tl) detector. “IEEE Test Procedures for Germanium Detectors for Ionizing Radiation,” ANSI/IEEE Standard 325-1986.
Steps to Configure Your ORTEC HPGe Detector
1) Configure the Detector Model
• Capsule type (PopTop or Streamline)
• Ge Crystal efficiency and specifications
• Endcap and window
• Mount
• Preamplifier
• High Voltage Filter
• Cable Package
• Integrated Cryocooling System (ICS)
Options are available for the detector model that can change specific
materials used in the construction of the detector endcap, cup, and
mount. Preamplifier options are also available.
2) Configure the Cryostat/Dewar or ICS Model
• Vertical Dipstick style (separate Dewar or Mobius Recycler)
• Horizontal Dipstick style (separate Dewar or Mobius Recycler)
• Portable with all-position or multi-position cryostat/dewar models
• Downlooking designed to be oriented with the detector pointing down
• Sidelooking designed to be oriented with the detector horizontal at the bottom of the dewar
• “ ” configurations designed with the detector attached near the bottom of the dewar and a right angle bend in the cryostat orienting the detector to look up.
A cryostat and dewar or other cooling device are required for operation.
If a PopTop detector has been selected, you can choose a PopTop style cryostat, cryostat/dewar combination or the X-COOLER III or ICS-P4 mechanical
cooling systems.
If a Streamline detector has been selected, you must choose a cryostat or cryostat/dewar model for the detector to be mounted on and vacuum sealed or an
ICS. The cryostat, cryostat/dewar combination or ICS diameter must match the endcap diameter of the selected detector.
Detector Options
Integrated Cryocooling System Option (-ICS, -ICS-E)
The Integrated Cryocooling System (ICS) cryostat is sealed with a cryocooler and is immune to thermal short cycling. Unlike
the typical three day loss of use of the detector with a standard type cryostat, the ICS can be re-cooled immediately,
minimizing any time lost for temporary warm up. The ICS is available with an internal preamplifier (-ICS) or an external
preamplifier (-ICS-E).
Integrated Cryocooling ow-Background System (-ICS-LB)
Low-background detector with internal preamplifier, high purity aluminum endcap, high purity aluminum window, high purity
aluminum internal cup, and low-background Cu mount for the ICS Integrated Cryocooling System. The lower background
material allows for lower Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) for a specific counting time, which provides another step in
increasing sample throughput in low-background applications.
SMART-1 Option (-SMP)
The SMART-1 option monitors and reports on vital system functions, and can save authentication codes
and report the code at a later time. It has the high voltage included, so none of the instruments require an
external high-voltage power supply.
The SMART-1 is housed in a rugged ABS molded plastic enclosure and is permanently attached to the
detector endcap via a molded-strain-relieved sealed cable. This eliminates the possibility that the detector
will suffer severe damage from moisture leaking into high-voltage connectors. The SMART-1 can be
positioned in any convenient place and does not interfere with shielding or other mounting hardware.
GEM Series Coaxial HPGe Detector
Product Configuration Guide
2
Fig. 2. Diagram of PopTop Detector.
Fig. 3. ICS Integrated
Cryocooling System.
Fig. 4. SMART-1 Detector Interface Module.
GEM Series Coaxial HPGe Detector
Product Configuration Guide
Ultra-High Count-Rate Preamplifier Option (-PL)
The Ultra-High Count-Rate Preamplifier (transistor-reset preamplifier), can handle input count rates up to
1,000,000 counts/s at 1 MeV, offers the added benefit of having no feedback resistor.
Harsh Environment Option (-HE)
The Harsh Environment option is a rugged carbon fiber endcap with a sealed electronics housing featuring
a replaceable desiccant pack which ensures that the electronics stay 100% dry and indicates when it
needs to be replaced.
GEM series detectors in PopTop capsules of 76 mm diameter or larger can be supplied with this option.
Remote Preamplifier Option (-H )
This option allows all the preamplifier and high voltage connections to be outside a shield and removes the preamplifier and high voltage filter from the “line-
of-sight” to the Ge crystal. For low background applications, this option eliminates any possible preamplifier or high voltage filter components that may add to
the background inside a shield.
ow-Background Carbon Fiber Endcap Options (-RB, -LB-C, and -XLB-C)
Carbon Fiber is as strong as Al, Mg, and Cu, creates less background, does not corrode, and can detect energies less than 10 keV.
This lower background material allows for lower Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) for a specific counting time, which provides another step in increasing
sample throughput in low-background counting applications. The lower Z of Carbon Fiber provides a low-energy window without the additional background
found in most alloys. See Figures 6 and 7 for transmission characteristics of the Be and carbon fiber windows.
Carbon Fiber, unlike Beryllium, is non-toxic and can be cleaned with most laboratory solvents such as methanol,
trichloroethylene, and acetone. Soap and water may also be used. Abrasive cleaners should not be used.
Fig. 7. ow Energy Gamma and X-Ray
Transmission of Be and Carbon Fiber
Windows.
3
Fig. 6. Transmission through Be and Carbon.
Fig. 5. -HE Detector Option
(Carbon Fiber Endcap).
Base Model
(example) PopTop or Streamline
Endcap
Diameter
ICS Option
(if required)
Window Option
(if required)
Preamplifier Option
(if required)
High Voltage
Option
(if required)
GEM10 P4 (PopTop)
(Streamline)
-70
-76
-83
-95
-108
-ICS-E
-ICS
-ICS-LB
-RB
-HE
-LB-C
-XLB-C
-PL
-H
-SMP
Defining the Detector Model
• See ordering information for option compatibility.
GEM Series Coaxial HPGe Detector
Product Configuration Guide
4
Ge Crystal
Mount
Preamplifier
Front End
Preamplifier
Outside Vacuum
High Voltage
Filter
Endcap Diameter
-70, -76, -83, -95 or -108
Cup default is Al
-RB changes to Cu
Preamplifier default is Resistive Feedback
-P changes to Transistor Reset
-SMP changes to SMART-1 with HV
Window default is Al
-RB and -HE change to
Carbon Fiber
Endcap default is Al
-RB and -HE change to Carbon Fiber
Mount default is Al
-RB changes to Cu
Electronic Shroud
-HE changes to a sealed chamber with additional .25” dia and .4” length,
and adds a replaceable desiccant.
PopTop Detector Capsule
PopTop Cold Finger Coupling
Streamline Detector Capsule
Ge Crystal
Mount
Preamplifier
Front End
Preamplifier
Outside
Vacuum
High Voltage
Filter
Endcap Diameter
-70, -76, -83, -95 or -108
Cup default is Al
- B-C and -X B-C
change to Cu
Preamplifier default is Resistive Feedback
-P changes to Transistor Reset
-SMP changes to SMART-1 with HV
Window default is Al
- B-C and -X B-C change to
Carbon Fiber
Endcap default is Al
- B-C and -X B-C change to
Carbon Fiber
Mount default is Al
- B-C and -X B-C change
to Cu
-X B-C extends capsule by ~1 inch to
accommodate lead shield in cryostat
Electronic Shroud
-HJ changes Preamplifier and
High Voltage Filter to Remote and
eliminates the Electronic Shroud
GEM Series Coaxial HPGe Detector
Product Configuration Guide
5
Ge Crystal
Mount
Preamplifier
Front End
Preamplifier
Outside
Vacuum
High Voltage
Filter
Endcap Diameter
-70, -76, -83, -95 or -108
Cup default is Al
-ICS- B changes to
low-background Al
Preamplifier default is Resistive Feedback
-P changes to Transistor Reset
-SMP changes to SMART-1 with HV
Window default is Al
-ICS- B changes to High
Purity Al
Mount default is Al
-ICS- B change to Cu
Cooling Rod
ICS- xxx
xxx = specified length
See Chart
Streamline Detector Capsule for Integrated Cryocooling System with Internal Preamplifier (ICS)
Endcap default is Al
-ICS- B changes to High
Purity Al
Ge Crystal
Mount
Preamplifier
Front End
Preamplifier
Outside Vacuum
High Voltage
Filter
Endcap Diameter
-70, -76, -83, -95 or -108
Cup default is Al
Preamplifier default is Resistive Feedback
-P changes to Transistor Reset
-SMP changes to SMART-1 with HV
Window default is Al
Endcap default is Al
Electronic Shroud
Streamline Detector Capsule for Integrated Cryocooling System with External Preamplifier (ICS-E)
Cooling Rod
ICS- Exxx
xxx = specified length
See Chart
Mount default is Al
GEM Series Coaxial HPGe Detector
Product Configuration Guide
6
Streamline Cryostat and Cryostat/Dewar Assemblies
Streamline systems (detector capsule and cryostat) share the same vacuum, requiring a cryostat or cryostat/dewar selection with the cryostat
having a matching diameter to the capsule endcap.
Standard Cryostat
uses Molecular
Sieve Pumping
Agent.
-B changes
Pumping Agent to
charcoal.
Diameter must
match Endcap
Diameter
-70, -76, -83, -95 or
-108
Standard Dewars are
DWR-1.2G, 3.0G, 5.0G,
MOD-3 , MOD-7 or
0.7-SHP-1
CFG-GG
Standard Cryostat uses
Molecular Sieve Pumping
Agent.
- B and -X B change
Pumping Agent to
charcoal.
Diameter must
match Endcap
Diameter
-70, -76, -83, -95 or
-108
-X B adds
Internal Pb
Shield
CFG-SV
Standard Cryostat
uses Molecular
Sieve Pumping
Agent.
-B and -X B
change Pumping
Agent to charcoal.
Diameter must
match Endcap
Diameter
-70, -76, -83, -95 or -108
Standard Dewars are DWR-
7.5D, 13D, or 30D
CFG-SD
-X B adds
Internal Pb
Shield
Diameter must match
Endcap Diameter
-70, -76, -83, -95 or -108
Standard Dewars are
DWR-7.5B, 13B, 30B and
MOBIUS-B
Remote Preamplifier
Standard Cryostat uses Molecular Sieve Pumping
Agent.
- B changes Pumping Agent to charcoal.
CFG-HJ
Standard Cryostat uses Molecular Sieve
Pumping Agent.
- B and -X B change Pumping Agent to
charcoal.
-X B adds
Internal Pb
Shield
Diameter must match Endcap
Diameter
-70, -76, -83, -95 or -108
CFG-SH
-X B adds Internal
Pb Shield Diameter must match Endcap
Diameter
-70, -76, -83, -95 or -108
Standard Dewars are
DWR-7.5B, 13B, 30B and
MOBIUS-B
Standard Cryostat uses
Molecular Sieve
Pumping Agent.
- B and -X B change
Pumping Agent to
charcoal.
CFG-SJ
Standard Dewars are
DWR-7.5B, 13B, 30B and
MOBIUS-B
Standard Cryostat uses Molecular Sieve
Pumping Agent.
- B and -X B change Pumping Agent to
charcoal.
Diameter must match Endcap
Diameter
-70, -76, -83, -95 or -108
-X B adds Internal
Pb Shield
CFG-S
Optional Dewars
are DWR-30,
DWR-30-OP and
MOBIUS-ST
Optional Dewars
are DWR-30,
DWR-30-OP and
MOBIUS-ST
GEM Series Coaxial HPGe Detector
Product Configuration Guide
7
CFG-SV, MOBIUS-ST CFG-PV4, MOBIUS-PT
Note: Cryostat/Dewar drawings are NOT to scale, see tables that follow for complete dimensions.
Dimensions are for reference only and subject to change, if dimensional constraints are critical, contact the factory.
PopTop and Streamline Dimensional Data
Streamline systems (detector capsule and cryostat or ICS) share the same vacuum. A cryostat or ICS must be ordered with a Streamline capsule. The
cryostat or cryostat/dewar selection must have a matching diameter to the capsule endcap.
The PopTop capsule features an internal vacuum arrangement. It can be mounted on any of the available PopTop cryostats, cryostat/dewar combinations, or
the X-COOLER III or ICS-P4 mechanical cooling systems.
The cryostat and dewar drawings that follow are to be used in conjunction with the accompanying tables of dimensions.
CFG-SV, DWR-30 CFG-PV4, DWR-30
GEM Series Coaxial HPGe Detector
Product Configuration Guide
8
CFG-SH, DWR-30 CFG-SH, MOBIUS-ST
Note: Cryostat/Dewar drawings are NOT to scale, see tables that follow for complete dimensions.
Dimensions are for reference only and subject to change, if dimensional constraints are critical, contact the factory.
CFG-PH4, DWR-30 CFG-PH4, MOBIUS-PT
GEM Series Coaxial HPGe Detector
Product Configuration Guide
9
CFG-PSHP4 or
CFG-GG, DWR-0.7-SHP-1
Note: Cryostat/Dewar drawings are NOT to scale, see tables that follow for complete dimensions.
Dimensions are for reference only and subject to change, if dimensional constraints are critical, contact the factory.
CFG-SH, DWR-30-OPCFG-PH4, DWR-30-OP
CFG-PD4-30 (or -13 or -7.5) or
CFG-SD, DWR-30D (or -13D or -7.5D)
GEM Series Coaxial HPGe Detector
Product Configuration Guide
10
Note: Cryostat/Dewar drawings are NOT to scale, see tables that follow for complete dimensions.
Dimensions are for reference only and subject to change, if dimensional constraints are critical, contact the factory.
CFG-PS4-30 (or -13 or -7.5) or
CFG-S , DWR-30B (or -13B or -7.5B)
CFG-SJ, DWR-30B (or -13B or -7.5B)
CFG-HJ, DWR-30B (or -13B or -7.5B)
CFG-PS4-MOBIUS-B or CFG-S , MOBIUS-B
CFG-HJ, MOBIUS-B
CFG-SJ, MOBIUS-B
Dieses Handbuch passt für folgende Modelle
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