PNI RM3100 Bedienungsanleitung

User Manual

RM3100 Evaluation Board

Geomagnetic Sensor Module

PNI Sensor Corporation Doc 1017252 r02

RM3100 Evaluation Board User Manual Page 1 of 33

Table of Contents

1COPYRIGHT & WARRANTY INFORMATION............................................................3

2INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................4

3SPECIFICATIONS .......................................................................................................5

3.1 RM3100 EVALUATION BOARD CHARACTERISTICS..................................5

3.2 DIMENSIONS..................................................................................................7

4RM3100 EVALUATION BOARD OVERVIEW & SET-UP...........................................8

4.1 PCB ORIENTATION AND OUTPUT POLARITIES.........................................8

4.2 LOCAL MAGNETIC FIELD CONSIDERATIONS............................................8

4.3 RM3100 EVALUATION BOARD PIN ASSIGNMENTS...................................9

4.3.1 General Purpose Pins ........................................................................9

4.3.2 SPI Pins............................................................................................10

4.3.3 I2C Pins.............................................................................................11

4.4 SPI TIMING REQUIREMENTS.....................................................................12

4.5 I2C REQUIREMENTS....................................................................................14

4.5.1 I2C Register Write.............................................................................14

4.5.2 I2C Register Read.............................................................................15

5RM3100 EVALUATION BOARD OPERATION.........................................................16

5.1 SET THE CYCLE COUNT REGISTERS (0X04 –0X09)..............................17

5.2 INITIATE CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT MODE (0X01)..........................18

5.2.1 Setting the CMM Update Rate with TMRC (0x0B)...........................19

5.2.2 Alarm Mode ......................................................................................20

5.3 INITIATE A SINGLE MEASUREMENT (0X00).............................................23

5.4 CONFIRM NEW DATA READY....................................................................24

5.4.1 STATUS Register (0x34)..................................................................24

5.5 READ THE MEASUREMENT RESULTS......................................................24

5.6 TROUBLESHOOTING AND GENERAL INFORMATION.............................25

5.6.1 BIST Register (0x33)........................................................................25

5.6.2 HSHAKE Register (0x35).................................................................26

5.6.3REVID Register (0x36).....................................................................27

5.7 EXAMPLES USING THE SPI INTERFACE..................................................27

5.7.1 Set the Cycle Count Registers .........................................................27

5.7.2 Making and Reading Measurements................................................28

5.8 EXAMPLES USING THE I2C INTERFACE...................................................30

5.8.1 Set the Cycle Count Registers .........................................................30

5.8.2 Initiate a Single Measurement..........................................................31

5.8.3 Initiate Continuous Measurement Mode...........................................31

5.8.4 Read the Measurement Results.......................................................31

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List of Figures

Figure 3-1: RM3100 Evaluation Board Mechanical Drawing ...................................................7

Figure 4-1: SPI Timing Diagram, CPOL = CPHA = 0.............................................................13

Figure 4-2: SPI Timing Diagram, CPOL = CPHA = 1.............................................................13

Figure 5-1: SPI Activity Sequence Diagram...........................................................................28

List of Tables

Table 3-1: Operating Performance...........................................................................................5

Table 3-2: Absolute Maximum Ratings ....................................................................................6

Table 3-3: Operating Conditions...............................................................................................6

Table 4-1: RM3100 Evaluation Board Pin Assignments ..........................................................9

Table 4-2: SPI Timing Specifications .....................................................................................14

Table 5-1: RM3100 Evaluation Board Register Map..............................................................16

Table 5-2: Cycle Count Registers...........................................................................................17

Table 5-3: Continuous Mode DRDY Options .........................................................................19

Table 5-4: CMM Update Rates...............................................................................................20

Table 5-5: Alarm Lower and Upper Limit Registers ...............................................................21

Table 5-6: Alarm Hysteresis Registers...................................................................................22

Table 5-7: Absolute vs. Relative Alarm Mode Example.........................................................23

Table 5-8: Measurement Results Registers...........................................................................25

Table 5-9: BIST Timeout Period.............................................................................................26

Table 5-10: BIST LR Periods..................................................................................................26

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1 Copyright & Warranty Information

Revised July 2013: for the most recent version visit our website at www.pnicorp.com

PNI Sensor Corporation

2331 Circadian Way

Santa Rosa, CA 95407, USA

Tel: (707) 566-2260

Fax: (707) 566-2261

Warranty and Limitation of Liability. PNI Sensor Corporation ("PNI") manufactures its Products from parts and components that are new or

equivalent to new in performance. PNI warrants that each Product to be delivered hereunder, if properly used, will, for ninety (90) days following the

date of shipment unless a different warranty time period for such Product is specified: (i) in PNI’s Price List in effect at time of order acceptance; or (ii)

on PNI’s web site (www.pnicorp.com) at time of order acceptance, be free from defects in material and workmanship and will operate in accordance

with PNI’s published specifications and documentation for the Product in effect at time of order. PNI will make no changes to the specifications or

manufacturing processes that affect form, fit, or function of the Product without written notice to the Customer, however, PNI may at any time, without

such notice, make minor changes to specifications or manufacturing processes that do not affect the form, fit, or function of the Product. This warranty

will be void if the Products’ serial number, or other identification marks have been defaced, damaged, or removed. This warranty does not cover wear

and tear due to normal use, or damage to the Product as the result of improper usage, neglect of care, alteration, accident, or unauthorized repair.

THE ABOVE WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTY, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT

LIMITED TO, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY WARRANTY OTHERWISE

ARISING OUT OF ANY PROPOSAL, SPECIFICATION, OR SAMPLE. PNI NEITHER ASSUMES NOR AUTHORIZES ANY PERSON TO ASSUME

FOR IT ANY OTHER LIABILITY.

If any Product furnished hereunder fails to conform to the above warranty, Customer’s sole and exclusive remedy and PNI’s sole and exclusive liability

will be, at PNI’s option, to repair, replace, or credit Customer’s account with an amount equal to the price paid for any such Product which fails during

the applicable warranty period provided that (i) Customer promptly notifies PNI in writing that such Product is defective and furnishes an explanation of

the deficiency; (ii) such Product is returned to PNI’s service facility at Customer’s risk and expense; and (iii) PNI is satisfied that claimed deficiencies

exist and were not caused by accident, misuse, neglect, alteration, repair, improper installation, or improper testing. If a Product is defective,

transportation charges for the return of the Product to Customer within the United States and Canada will be paid by PNI. For all other locations, the

warranty excludes all costs of shipping, customs clearance, and other related charges. PNI will have a reasonable time to make repairs or to replace

the Product or to credit Customer’s account. PNI warrants any such repaired or replacement Product to be free from defects in material and

workmanship on the same terms as the Product originally purchased.

Except for the breach of warranty remedies set forth herein, or for personal injury, PNI shall have no liability for any indirect or speculative damages

(including, but not limited to, consequential, incidental, punitive and special damages) relating to the use of or inability to use this Product, whether

arising out of contract, negligence, tort, or under any warranty theory, or for infringement of any other party’s intellectual property rights, irrespective of

whether PNI had advance notice of the possibility of any such damages, including, but not limited to, loss of use, revenue or profit. In no event shall

PNI’s total liability for all claims regarding a Product exceed the price paid for the Product. PNI neither assumes nor authorizes any person to assume

for it any other liabilities.

Some states and provinces do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts or the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential

damages, so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may have other rights that

vary by state or province.

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2 Introduction

Thank you for purchasing PNI Sensor Corporation’s RM3100 Evaluation Board, pn 13606. The

RM3100 Evaluation Board is a plug-and-play module (PCA) version of PNI’s RM3100

Geomagnetic Sensor, principally intended for quickly evaluating and prototyping PNI’s

magnetic sensor technology. The primary components of the RM3100 Evaluation Board are two

Sen-XY-f sensor coils, one Sen-Z-f sensor coil, and PNI’s MagI2C ASIC controller. It also

incorporates resistors, capacitors, and connectors, all mounted on a PCB, to provide a complete

magnetic field sensing module. The RM3100 Evaluation Board incorporates both I2C and SPI

interfaces for system design flexibility.

PNI’s geomagnetic sensor technology provides high resolution, low power consumption, large

signal noise immunity, a large dynamic range, and high sampling rates. Measurements are stable

over temperature and inherently free from offset drift. The RM3100 Evaluation Board features

both continuous measurement mode and single measurement polling, an alarm feature for

monitoring magnetic field strength, software-configurable resolution and sample rate, and the

ability to operate one, two, or all three PNI sensor coils. These advantages make PNI’s RM3100

Evaluation Board not only the choice for prototyping high volume solutions, but also for lower

volume applications that require a complete solution.

Each sensor coil of the RM3100 module serves as the inductive element in a simple LR

relaxation oscillation circuit, where the coil’s effective inductance is proportional to the magnetic

field parallel to the sensor axis. The LR circuit is driven by the MagI2C ASIC and the MagI2C’s

internal clock is used to measure the circuit’s oscillation frequency, and hence the magnetic field.

Since the RM3100 works in the frequency domain, resolution and noise are established cleanly

by the number of MagI2C internal clock counts (cycle counts). In comparison, fluxgate and MR

technologies require expensive and complex signal processing to obtain similar resolution and

noise, and in many respects the geomagnetic sensor’s performance simply cannot be matched.

Also, the output from the MagI2C is inherently digital and can be fed directly into a

microprocessor, eliminating the need for signal conditioning or an analog/digital interface

between the sensor and a microprocessor. The simplicity of PNI’s geomagnetic sensor combined

with the lack of signal conditioning makes it easier and less expensive to implement than

alternative fluxgate or magneto-resistive (MR) technologies.

For more information on PNI’s magneto-inductive sensor technology, see PNI’s whitepaper

“Magneto-Inductive Technology Overview” at http://www.pnicorp.com/technology/papers.

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3 Specifications

3.1 RM3100 Evaluation Board Characteristics

Table 3-1: Operating Performance1

Parameter

Cycle Counts2

Units

100

200

Field Measurement Range3

-800 to +800

Gain

LSB/ T

Sensitivity

Noise

Noise Density @ Max. Single-Axis Sample Rate

1.2

nT/ Hz

Repeatability over 200 T

Hysteresis over 200 T

Linearity over 200 T

0.5

Maximum Single-Axis Sample Rate

(divide by 3 for max. 3-axis sample rate)

1600

850

440

Single-Axis Average Current @ 24 Hz Sample

Rate (equivalent to 3-axis @ 8 Hz)

135

260

µA

Footnotes:

1. Specifications are typical and subject to change. Performance specifications established with 3.0

V supply voltage at room temperature.

2. The cycle count values (50 ,100, and 200) are user-configurable and set in the Cycle Count

Registers. See Section 5.1 for how to set the registers.

3. Field measurement range is defined as the monotonic region of the output characteristic curve.

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Table 3-2: Absolute Maximum Ratings

Parameter

Minimum

Maximum

Units

Analog/Digital DC Supply Voltage, AVDD & DVDD

-0.3

+3.7

VDC

Input Pin Voltage

-0.3

AVDD or DVDD

VDC

Input Pin Current @ 25C

-10.0

+10.0

Storage Temperature

-40°

+85°

CAUTION:

Stresses beyond those listed above may cause permanent damage to the device. These

are stress ratings only. Operation of the device at these or other conditions beyond those

indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied.

Table 3-3: Operating Conditions

Parameter

Min

Typ

Max

Units

Analog/Digital DC Supply Voltage, AVDD & DVDD1

2.0

3.0

3.6

VDC

Voltage Ripple on AVDD or DVDD

0.05

VPP

Idle Mode Current

µA

Leakage Current @ DVDD pin

(AVDD=AVSS=DVSS=0V, DVDD=3.6V)

100

Operating Temperature

-40

+85

Footnote:

1. Please contact PNI if operation at <2.0 V is required.

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3.2 Dimensions

Figure 3-1: RM3100 Evaluation Board Mechanical Drawing

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4 RM3100 Evaluation Board Overview & Set-Up

This section provides an overview of how to set-up the RM3100 Evaluation Board and the basic

I2C and SPI communications requirements. For a discussion of PNI’s magneto-inductive sensor

technology, please refer to either the RM3100 Geomagnetic Sensor User Manual or PNI’s

whitepaper “Magneto-Inductive Technology Overview”, both of which can be found on PNI’s

website at www.pnicorp.com.

4.1 PCB Orientation and Output Polarities

The arrow printed on the RM3100 module indicates the intended line-of-sight. The RM3100

module is arranged in a north-east-down (NED) coordinate system, and the arrow is parallel

to the x-axis sensor. When the module is pointing directly magnetic south the x-axis reading

will be maximized and the y-axis will be zero. Likewise, when the module is pointing west

the y-axis reading will be maximized and the x-axis reading will be zero. The z-axis reading

will depend on the dip angle at the given location. At the geo-magnetic equator, where

Earth’s magnetic field is horizontal, the z-axis reading will be zero when flat.

4.2 Local Magnetic Field Considerations

Because the RM3100 sensor module measures magnetic field, it is important to consider

what items in the vicinity of the module can affect the sensor readings. Note that magnetic

field drops off as (1/distance)3. Specific issues to consider include:

The sensors have a specified linear regime of 200 T. (Earth’s field is ~50 T.) To

ensure the sensors operate in their linear regime, do not place the RM3100 close to

large electric currents, large masses of ferrous material, or devices incorporating

permanent magnets, such as speakers and electric motors.

Locate the RM3100 Eval Board away from changing magnetic fields. If this is not

possible, but the local magnetic field is known to have multiple states, try to take

readings only when the field is in a known state. For instance, if a motor runs part of

the time, take readings only when the motor is in a known state.

If you are uncertain about the effect a specific component may have on the system,

place the RM3100 Eval Board on a firm surface and gradually bring the component in

question close to the board, then note when the magnetic field starts to change. If the

component cannot be moved, then gradually move the RM3100 module towards the

component, carefully ensuring the orientation of the board remains constant while

doing this.

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4.3 RM3100 Evaluation Board Pin Assignments

The RM3100 Evaluation Board’s pin assignments are summarized below in Table 4-1. Pin

numbers run counterclockwise, when looking from the top, starting at the Pin 1 designator as

shown in Figure 3-1.

Table 4-1: RM3100 Evaluation Board Pin Assignments

Pin#

Pin Name

Description

SCK /

SCL

SPI interface (SCK) –Serial clock input

I2C interface (SCL) –Serial clock line

SO /

SA1

SPI interface (SO) –Master Input, Slave Output

I2C interface –Bit 1 of slave address

SDA

SPI interface (SI) –Master Output, Slave Input Serial Data

I2C interface (SDA) –Serial Data Line

SSN /

SA0

SPI interface –Active low to select port

I2C interface –Bit 0 of slave address

DRDY

Status line

AVSS

Ground pin for analog section of ASIC

I2CEN

I2C enable pin (HIGH = I2C, LOW = SPI)

DVDD

Supply voltage for digital section of ASIC.

AVDD

Supply voltage for analog section of ASIC

DVSS

Ground pin for digital section of ASIC

6, 8, 9, 11

Do not connect

4.3.1 General Purpose Pins

DVDD and AVDD (pins 12 & 13)

AVDD and DVDD should be tied to the analog and digital supply voltages,

respectively. The recommend voltages are defined in Table 3-3, and the maximum

voltages are given in Table 3-2. DVDD must be on whenever AVDD is on, so

DVDD should either be brought up first or at precisely the same time as AVDD.

AVDD can be turned off when not making a measurement to conserve power, since

all other operations are supported with DVDD. Under this condition, register values

will be retained as long as DVDD is powered. Also, AVDD must be within 0.1 V of

DVDD when AVDD is on.

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