high efficiency after the warming up of the chimney, the draught must be decreased to 5-10 Pa, so that
there may be no return of the flue gases (smoking) with a closed door.
The main causes of insufficient draught are the following:
-layering of soot inside the chimney, which decreases its diameter and increases the
resistance of the rising flue gases;
-a cracked wall of the chimney or a loose rosette, from where air is sucked from the
premisses instead from the combustion chamber;
-pipes pushed deeply in the chimney, as in this way they decrease the diameter or plug up the
chimney;
-The use of a single chimney with a small draught by several stoves on the same level of in
close proximity;
-Smoking also appears when the weather outside has suddenly got warmer - The warm gases
from the kindling of the fire can’t escape through the cold chimney. In this case a bigger
amount of quickly burning sticks and paper is used. The same effect takes place while
attempting to kindle a fire on the first (ground) floor, provided the same or an adjacent
chimney is already being used by a fireplace on the top floor;
-when the ceiling is not air-tight or there are open windows on an upper floor, the effect
“staircase-chimney” takes place, creating a reverse draught;
-When a chimney is located in an area of overpressure caused by a wind.
On correct connection, servicing and maintenance the boiler must not give off smoking emissions
in the premises. If nevertheless this occurs, the premises are aired and the cause of the filling with
smoke must be found out and removed.
Don’t burn: garbage, stuck or painted softwood, plywood or boards of wooden parts, wooden
sleepers or other refuse containing artificial chemical admixtures, since poisons don’t burn, but
only change their composition and when they are thrown away in the atmosphere, they lead to
unpredictable consequences.
Cleaning.
Cooling of the boiler occurs slowly, at the expense of naturally getting cold.
The cleaning of the ash residue must be done with personal protective equipment – gloves and
suitable (appropriate) clothes.
To remove the solid waste after burning, a movable grate and an ash-pan is used. The ash-pan
must be emptied even before it is filled with a purpose to avoid plugging up of the supplying feeding
of the air under the grate. The ash is kept in nonburnable vessels with a cover.
When operation with the pellets is recommended at least once in every two days the customer to
turn off temporarily the burner, to wait until the boiler has cooled to safe levels of temperature, to
clean the internal heat exchanging surfaces of the accumulated ash, to clean the burner, to carry out the
ashes, after which in reverse order to close the doors of the boiler and to turn the burner on.
After continuous operation ash and soot are accumulated on the walls of the boiler, especially on
the heat exchanger and on the smoke pipes, whereupon the heat transfer is decreased and the boiler
loses power. As a whole the quantity of the ash and the soot depends on the quality of the used fuel
and the working conditions. If the boiler has insufficient power or it is operated at a low temperature,
the amount of the soot in the process of burning increases considerably. In the same way the shortage
of the draught in the chimney influences, as well. The surface of the water heat exchanger is cleaned
by means of a steel brush.
A main rule in the operation: It is better a shorter burning at full power than continuous
burning at low power.
