Radius PDR 121 Bedienungsanleitung
Packet Data Radio
Installation and Operation Manual
PDR 121
RADIUS
RADIO NETWORK TECHNOLOGY
RADIUS
Product Description
PDR 121
iom_pdr121_04_r02.doc Rev 02 Page 2 (67)
Contents
1General ________________________________________________________________ 4
1.1 Document History________________________________________________________________ 4
1.2 RADIUS Contact Information _______________________________________________________ 4
2Find Your Way in The Manual ______________________________________________ 5
3Introduction_____________________________________________________________ 6
3.1 Typical Application Areas__________________________________________________________ 7
3.1.1 Examples Of Typical Application Networks __________________________________________________8
4Technical Specifications _________________________________________________ 11
5Quick Start Guide _______________________________________________________ 12
6Glossary Of Terms ______________________________________________________ 13
6.1 dBm to W Conversion Table ______________________________________________________ 14
7The PDR 121 Radio Transceiver Functionality________________________________ 15
7.1 PDR 121 Operation Blocks _______________________________________________________ 15
7.2 FEC - Forward Error Correction____________________________________________________ 15
7.3 CRC – Cyclic Redundancy Checksum ______________________________________________ 15
7.4 Communication ________________________________________________________________ 16
7.5 Radio Receiver Sensitivity ________________________________________________________ 17
7.5.1 PDR 121 Receiver Sensitivity ____________________________________________________________17
7.6 Radio Transmitter Power _________________________________________________________ 17
7.7 RSSI – Received Signal Strength Indication __________________________________________ 18
7.8 Differences between PDR 121 Models ______________________________________________ 19
8Operating the PDR 121___________________________________________________ 20
8.1 LED Indicators and Connectors ____________________________________________________ 20
8.2 Peer-To-Peer __________________________________________________________________ 21
8.3 Collision Avoidance _____________________________________________________________ 21
8.4 Remote frequency change ________________________________________________________ 23
8.5 Remote Tx power change ________________________________________________________ 24
8.6 Multiple RTU addressing to one radio _______________________________________________ 24
8.7 Radio Link Test ________________________________________________________________ 24
8.8 Split transmitting and receiving frequencies __________________________________________ 24
8.9 Split Tx Uplink Frequency ________________________________________________________ 25
8.9.1 Split Tx Uplink Example Network _________________________________________________________25
8.10 Repeating Alternative Systems _________________________________________________ 26
9Installation_____________________________________________________________ 27
9.1 General ______________________________________________________________________ 27
9.2 Power Supply __________________________________________________________________ 27
9.2.1 Recommended minimum demands: _______________________________________________________27
9.3 Battery Power Supply ___________________________________________________________ 28
9.4 Serial Interface _________________________________________________________________ 29
9.4.1 PDR 121 Serial Interface Characteristics ___________________________________________________29
9.4.2 Serial Cable Configurations _____________________________________________________________30
9.4.3 EIA RS323 Conversion Table ____________________________________________________________33
9.5 Cabinet Mounting _______________________________________________________________ 34
9.5.1 PDR 121 mounted in cabinet ____________________________________________________________34
10 Accessories____________________________________________________________ 35
11 Radio Networking _______________________________________________________ 36
11.1 Antennas __________________________________________________________________ 36
11.1.1 Antenna Gain _______________________________________________________________________36
11.1.2 Antenna Types ______________________________________________________________________37
11.1.3 Antenna Gain versus Radio Output Power _________________________________________________38
11.2 Fade Margin ________________________________________________________________ 39
11.3 Radio Link Calculations _______________________________________________________ 40
11.3.1 No Line of Sight Calculations ___________________________________________________________40
11.3.2 Line Of Sight Calculations______________________________________________________________43
12 Configuration __________________________________________________________ 45
12.1 Equipment _________________________________________________________________ 45
12.2 Getting Started ______________________________________________________________ 45
12.3 Configuration Menus Overview _________________________________________________ 46
RADIUS
Product Description
PDR 121
iom_pdr121_04_r02.doc Rev 02 Page 3 (67)
12.4 Configuration Menus _________________________________________________________ 48
12.5 Network ___________________________________________________________________ 48
12.5.1 System ID __________________________________________________________________________48
12.5.2 Radio ID ___________________________________________________________________________48
12.5.3 RTU 01..20 – RTU 81..99 ______________________________________________________________49
12.5.4 Repeat Alternative Systems ____________________________________________________________50
12.5.5 View Network _______________________________________________________________________50
12.5.6 Clear Network _______________________________________________________________________50
12.6 Serial _____________________________________________________________________ 50
12.6.1 Protocol____________________________________________________________________________50
12.6.2 Bitrate _____________________________________________________________________________50
12.6.3 Parity______________________________________________________________________________50
12.6.4 Inter Character Timeout _______________________________________________________________50
12.6.5 Pre DCD ___________________________________________________________________________51
12.6.6 Post DCD __________________________________________________________________________51
12.7 Radio _____________________________________________________________________ 51
12.7.1 Collision Avoidance Delay _____________________________________________________________51
12.7.2 Collision Avoidance Delay Min __________________________________________________________51
12.7.3 Collision Avoidance Delay Max__________________________________________________________51
12.7.4 Bit Error Rate Test ___________________________________________________________________51
12.7.5 Communication Test __________________________________________________________________ 51
12.7.6 Radio Link Test ______________________________________________________________________51
12.7.7 Receiver Test _______________________________________________________________________52
12.7.8 Transmitter Test _____________________________________________________________________52
12.8 Advanced __________________________________________________________________ 52
12.8.1 Detected Radio Type _________________________________________________________________52
12.8.2 Rx Frequency _______________________________________________________________________52
12.8.3 Tx Frequency _______________________________________________________________________52
12.8.4 Split Tx Uplink _______________________________________________________________________53
12.8.5 Split Tx Uplink Frequency ______________________________________________________________53
12.8.6 Split Tx Uplink Id _____________________________________________________________________53
12.8.7 Radio Link Speed ____________________________________________________________________53
12.8.8 Tx Power Level ______________________________________________________________________53
12.8.9 Non-Intrusive Diagnostics ______________________________________________________________53
12.8.10 Realtime RSSI _____________________________________________________________________53
12.8.11 Extended Communication Test_________________________________________________________53
12.8.12 System Frequency Change ___________________________________________________________54
12.8.13 Remote Tx Power Level Change _______________________________________________________54
12.8.14 Radio VCO Lock Test ________________________________________________________________54
12.8.15 Terminal Bitrate_____________________________________________________________________54
12.9 List Configuration ____________________________________________________________ 55
12.10 Default Configuration _________________________________________________________ 55
13 Configuration Examples__________________________________________________ 56
13.1 Network Layout _____________________________________________________________ 56
13.2 Network Menu Configurations – DNP3 ___________________________________________ 57
13.3 Network Menu Configurations – IEC870 / RP570 ___________________________________ 58
13.4 Network Menu Configurations – COMLI __________________________________________ 59
14 Radio Test Functions ____________________________________________________ 60
14.1 Bit Error Rate Test ___________________________________________________________ 60
14.2 Communication Test _________________________________________________________ 62
14.3 Radio Link Test _____________________________________________________________ 63
15 Trouble Shooting _______________________________________________________ 64
15.1 Trouble Shooting the PDR _____________________________________________________ 64
15.2 Support ____________________________________________________________________ 64
16 Education and user feedback _____________________________________________ 65
16.1 Product education ___________________________________________________________ 65
16.2 User feedback ______________________________________________________________ 65
RADIUS
Product Description
PDR 121
iom_pdr121_04_r02.doc Rev 02 Page 4 (67)
RADIUS UK Ltd
Unit 4E
Bramhall Moor Technology Park
Pepper Road
Hazel Grove
SK7 5BW
ENGLAND
Phone: +44 161 484 2600
Fax: +44 161 484 2671
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.radius-uk.com
1 General
1.1 Document History
Created by: Arto Valtonen / Björn Rosenberg
Valid from: 2004-10-13
Latest Update: 2004-12-10
Approved: Anders Grahn
Template revision: 01, 001024
Revision Date Updated by Amendment
01 2004-10-13 Arto Valtonen First revision
02 2004-12-10 Arto Valtonen Second revision, added new configuration menus - ‘Advanced’
1.2 RADIUS Contact Information
RADIUS US Inc.
10700 W. Venture Drive
Unit B
Franklin, WI 53132
USA
Phone: +1 (414) 427 7010
Fax: +1 (414) 427 7015
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.radius-us.com
RADIUS Sweden AB
Tennvägen 1
SE-371 50 KARLSKRONA
SWEDEN
Telefon: +46 455 30 90 00
Fax: +46 455 245 75
E-post: [email protected]
Web: www.radius.se
RADIUS
Product Description
PDR 121
iom_pdr121_04_r02.doc Rev 02 Page 5 (67)
2 Find Your Way in The Manual
Chapter 3 gives an introduction to Radius PDR 121 system and some application examples.
Chapter 4 contains technical specifications for the PDR 121.
Chapter 5 provides a Quick Start Guide for installation and configuration of the PDR 121
Chapter 6 contains a Glossary of Terms.
Chapter 7 describes the basic and extra features of the PDR 121.
Chapter 8 describes how the PDR 121 features can/should be used.
Chapter 9 contains installation guidelines, including the serial interface.
Chapter 10 contains information about radio network accesories provided by Radius.
Chapter 11 gives an introduction to general antenna and radio technique and calculations. This
chapter is inteded for those who want to learn more about those subjects.
Chaper 12 describes the PDR 121 configuration menus and how to set the different parameters.
Chapter 13 contains radio network configuration examples.
Chapter 14 describes the PDR 121 radio test functions.
Chapter 15 contains a list of trouble shooting check points.
RADIUS
Product Description
PDR 121
iom_pdr121_04_r02.doc Rev 02 Page 6 (67)
3 Introduction
Wireless communications remains the most cost effective solution for a significant amount of
modern applications. Advances in wireless technology allow data throughput and reliability to be
very high and, given the cost of direct cable or satellite infrastructure, price/performance benefits
remains far above other means of communication.
Modern wireless devices are much more than simple modems. They are sophisticated units,
designed to allow the user to create their own communication system with the minimum amount of
involvement.
The RADIUS PDR 121, Packet Data Radio 121, transceiver provides wide range data telemetry for
control and monitoring systems using the DNP3, IEC870 COMLI or RP570 protocol. The
transceiver is designed for point-to-multipoint operation environments including water, wastewater,
electric utilities, distribution automation, and gas field automation.
A PDR 121 system consists of one master and up to 99 slave radio units. Each slave radio can
operate as a repeater, stand-alone or with an RTU device connected. A message can be repeated
via up to six radios, 7 hops, to reach its destination. This gives a total coverage area of at least 200
km radius from the master.
The PDR 121 data radio is suitable for both polled and unsolicited systems. For unsolicited
systems, there is a Collision Avoidance functionality built-in to the radio that virtually eliminates in-
air collisions, vastly speeding up the communication throughput. It is also possible to carry out
Peer-To-Peer communication.
The radio communication is completely packet switched, which means all data is buffered
before/after transmitting/receiving on the radio. The radio transfer data rate is selectable,
4800/9600 or 9600/19200 bps, depending on desired channel bandwidth, 12.5 or 25 kHz.
The radio modem uses a Forward Error Correction technique, which corrects a large proportion of
transmission errors in case of noise bursts. This increases the radio sensitivity.
Routing of messages across the radio network is achieved by configuring the RTU addresses and
the Radio id’s in the PDR 121 Network menu. Messages are routed to the radio that is connected
to the destination address along the configured radio path. The radio network paths are easily
configured in the radio using a handheld terminal or a PC.
The control/monitoring device is connected to the PDR 121 via a standard RS232 serial interface.
The serial interface speed is adjustable between 600 and 19200 bps, with or without parity. The
transceiver only needs a three-wire connection, TxD, RxD and GND, but handshaking signals are
provided if required by the connected device.
The PDR 121 provides diagnostic features, remotely changeable parameters, built in survey and
test functionalities. All easily accessed via a hand terminal or a PC.
RADIUS
Product Description
PDR 121
iom_pdr121_04_r02.doc Rev 02 Page 7 (67)
3.1 Typical Application Areas
RADIUS has been a global player in the digital data wireless market for well over a decade, helping
a wide range of customers meeting their operational and financial targets. Working with SME’s up
to Blue Chip companies, RADIUS has provided products, systems and services to maximise the
benefit afforded by their wireless technology.
Our products are a result of the close relationship with our customers and partners and reflect the
current and future needs of the market.
Examples of why to go wireless:
• Replacing a cable in situations where installation of a cable is difficult, expensive or even
impossible.
• Replacing a dialled up link to reduce costs.
• Network provider independence.
Example application areas:
• Water/Wastewater
• Electric Distribution
• Gas Distribution
• Oil Distribution
• Wind Power
• Industrial Processes control
• Remote Traffic Control
• Railroad Communication Systems
• Remote PLC control
RADIUS
Product Description
PDR 121
iom_pdr121_04_r02.doc Rev 02 Page 8 (67)
3.1.1 Examples Of Typical Application Networks
3.1.1.1 Point-to-Point
3.1.1.2 Point-to-Multipoint
PDR
PLC, RTU or other
devices
Control system
PDR
PLC, RTU or other
devices
Control system
PLC, RTU or other
devices
PLC, RTU or other
devices
PLC, RTU or other
devices
PLC, RTU or other
devices
RADIUS
Product Description
PDR 121
iom_pdr121_04_r02.doc Rev 02 Page 9 (67)
3.1.1.3 Water/Wastewater Network
The example above shows two substations communicating Peer-To-Peer.
PDR
Reservoir
PDR
Waste water plant
Control system
Pump house
Water treatment plant
Peer-To-Peer
RADIUS
Product Description
PDR 121
iom_pdr121_04_r02.doc Rev 02 Page 10 (67)
3.1.1.4 Electrical Distribution Network
Control system
Capacitor switch
Substation
Recloser
Metering points
Substation
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Andere Radius Radio Handbücher
