SEB IDM8N Bedienungsanleitung

DIVISIONE ELETTRONICA E SISTEMI

IDM8N

DIGITAL PERCENTAGE BIASED

DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION RELAY

USER MANUAL

P501D812 June 2010

SEB Divisione Elettronica e Sistemi INDEX

INDEX

1GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS..................................................................................1

1.1 Operation of the differential thresholds..................................................................3

1.2 Transformer differential protection (ANSI 87T)......................................................6

1.3 Overcurrent thresholds (ANSI 51) .........................................................................6

1.4 Residual overcurrent (ANSI 51N) ..........................................................................7

2FRONT PANEL KEYS ..................................................................................................8

3FRONT PANEL LED SIGNALING ................................................................................9

4PROGRAMMING AND TEST .....................................................................................10

4.1 How to program the protection relay....................................................................10

4.2 How to modify a visualized parameter.................................................................11

4.3 Reset ...................................................................................................................11

4.4 Test of output relays ............................................................................................12

5DISPLAY AND PROGRAMMING ...............................................................................13

5.1 Standard display..................................................................................................13

5.2 Visualization structure .........................................................................................14

5.3 Address and time (fig. 1) .....................................................................................19

5.4 Display selection and drop-off delay (fig. 1).........................................................20

5.5 Rated values of the protected transformer (picture 2) .........................................21

5.6 Thresholds and time delays set-up (fig. 2)...........................................................24

5.6.1 Percentage biased differential thresholds (87T - fig. 2) ................................24

5.6.2 Overcurrent thresholds (51 - fig. 2)...............................................................27

5.6.3 Residual overcurrent thresholds (51N - fig. 2) ..............................................28

5.7 Output relays programming (fig. 3) ......................................................................29

5.8 Digital inputs function programming (fig. 3) .........................................................30

5.9 Parameter values visualization (fig. 4).................................................................31

5.10 Events (fig. 5) ......................................................................................................35

5.11 Trips counters (fig. 5)...........................................................................................38

6INSTALLATION ..........................................................................................................40

6.1 Supplied kit..........................................................................................................40

6.2 Cabling ................................................................................................................40

6.3 Relays R3 and R4 - Signaling / Command set-up ...............................................46

6.4 RS485 serial communication port........................................................................46

7TECHNICAL DATA.....................................................................................................47

8TABLE ........................................................................................................................48

Information printed in this manual subject to change without prior notice.

This manual must not be reproduced in whole or in part, in any form or by any means

without the express written permission of SEB Divisione Elettronica e Sistemi.

SEB Divisione Elettronica e Sistemi GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

The protection relay IDM8N performs function as three-poles percentage biased

transformer differential protection relay (ANSI 87T) to protect transformers or generator-

transformer units; the user can select one or more of the functions listed in the table below:

FUNCTIONS ANSI

Three-poles percentage biased differential protection for

transformers 87T

Three-poles overcurrent protection 51

Residual overcurrent protection 51N

Each function is made by a set of threshold, which could be enabled or disabled in

independent mode.

THRESHOLDS - the following thresholds are available:

•1 differential percentage biased threshold (two branches)

•1 absolute value differential threshold

•6 overcurrent thresholds (three for each winding of the transformer)

•3 residual overcurrent thresholds (secondary side)

The available settings for each threshold are listed in Table B.

All the set-up and measured parameters can be visualized on the front panel display and

transmitted on the RS485 communication serial port.

TRIP DELAYS - All the thresholds are time definite. Relay trips are shown turning on LED

and with a specific message on the display.

The available settings for each timers are listed in Table B.

OUTPUT RELAYS - the IDM8N controls 4 output relays (named R1, R2, R3 and R4);

these relays can be programmed to be activated on START or TRIP conditions of one or

more thresholds.

START instantaneous activation of the output relay when at least

one of the measured current or parameter exceeds the

programmed threshold value

TRIP activation of the output relay when the programmed time

delay (TI) related to a threshold expires.

The quiescent state of each single relay R1, R2, R3 and R4 can be programmed as

normally energized (ON) or normally de-energized (OFF). An additional relay R5 (normally

energized) is controlled by the self-diagnosis routines to report detected fault conditions.

Related to each threshold, partial and total counters of TRIP conditions are available.

SEB Divisione Elettronica e Sistemi GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

DIGITAL INPUTS - there are available 6 digital inputs to activate the following functions

(when enabled by the programmed set-up):

•on/off ANSI function

•on/off thresholds (single threshold or all thresholds)

•STATO function (recording of measures on external event)

For each digital input can be programmed the condition that activates the related

functions:

HI voltage = > 20V dc / ac

LO voltage = 0 ÷ 10 V dc / ac

The digital input acquisition is valid when the voltage value stays in the range HI or LO for

at least 40 ms.

DISPLAY OF MEASURES - the user can select the continuous display of a measured

differential current or of a stabilizing current (primary values or relative values); all the

measured currents can be transmitted to an external controller through the RS485 port.

EVENTS - information related to the last 8 events (TRIP or STATO) are recorded in the

EEPROM memory.

Information includes the threshold set-up and activated relays (TRIP event only), the

measured currents, the digital input status, date and time of the event.

SELF-DIAGNOSIS - the software includes a non stop monitoring module that controls the

functionality of all hardware and software resources of the protection relay.

Detected fault conditions are reported by:

•diagnostic message on the display

•glow of a red LED on front panel

•R5 output relay drop-off

The fault condition signaling stays until faults are pointed out by the monitoring module;

during this condition the protection functions are suspended to avoid unsuitable tripping.

STATUS FUNCTION - when the STATO function is activated by one of the digital input

(when programmed) the protection relay memorizes information related to measured

currents and digital input status (see par. 5.10 - EVENTS). The recorded information

allows an analysis of trip causes in co-operative protection relays systems.

REMOTE COMMUNICATION - the opto-insulated serial port RS485 can communicate

with a personal computer or a remote control and monitoring system equipped with an

RS485 interface or with a standard RS485/RS232 converter.

SEB Divisione Elettronica e Sistemi GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

It is possible to select the communication standard between STANDARD (ASCII 7 bit -

Seb protocol) and MODBUS (ASCII mode, SLAVE).

All the set-up and measured parameters can be transmitted on the RS485 communication

serial port; when communication is active (LED REMOTE glows), the operator on front

panel can visualize the relay set-up but changes of parameters are disabled (ENTER and

buttons disabled).

1.1 Operation of the differential thresholds

The IDM8N relay performs functions as percentage biased differential protection relay for

two windings transformers; the tripping characteristic is presented in figure A.

A differential protection relay operates on the principle of current comparison and with a

healthy protected object the current leaving is the same as that which entered it. Any

measured current difference is a clear indication of a fault condition within the protected

zone.

Id - differential current - vectorial difference between the input current and the output

current of the protected object

''1'11 IIId −=

Three differential current values are computed, one for each phase; the differential

thresholds are verified for each differential current.

Ip - stabilizing current - half-sum of the vectors of the input and output currents of the

protected object used to stabilize the protection relay operations in presence of faults

external to the protected zone.

''1'1

Ip +

When short-circuit currents due to faults external to the protected zone are flowing through

the protected object it is possible to have measured differential currents due to current

transformer errors or saturation. The stabilizing current is used to stabilize the protection

relay operation in these conditions.

Differential thresholds

Two differential thresholds are available:

Id> percentage biased differential threshold

Id>> second differential threshold (absolute value)

The relay operates when:

threshold Id>> the following disequation is verified

SEB Divisione Elettronica e Sistemi GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

>>≥ IdId

threshold Id> ALL the following disequations are verified:

>≥ IBId

()

IpPId ∗≥ 1

()

DIIpPId −∗≥ 2

where:

|Id| module of the differential current

|Ip| module of the stabilizing current

IB> insensibility threshold

P1, P2: slopes of the tripping characteristic

DI intersection of the P2 straight line with Id/In axis

The listed disequations define the operating characteristic as presented in figure A and

they are verified with all the differential currents (and their stabilizing currents) related to

phase currents.

The differential threshold Id>> and the second branch of the operating characteristic

related to Id> threshold (slope P2) can be programmed ON/OFF.

All the differential thresholds are definite time (0.03 ÷ 999.99 s).

The minimum activation time of the output relay is programmable in order to avoid short

commands to switchgears when CT’s saturate.

The differential thresholds Id> and Id>> are referred to the rated current of the protected

transformer normalized with the ratio of the installed CT’s in order that the value of

measured currents on the primary and secondary windings can be directly compared.

For this purpose, two coefficients named KTA1 and KTA2 are used. They are referred to

the primary winding and to the secondary winding of the transformer and they are the ratio

between the rated value of the CT and the rated value of the related circuit.

In other words:

KTA TA

Where InTA1 is the rated value of CT (for example: 300, in case of a 300 / 5 CT) and In1is

the rated value of the current in the primary side of the transformer, for example 250 A. In

this case the value of KTA1 is: 300 / 250 = 1.2

The same argument is valid for secondary winding parameters.

SEB Divisione Elettronica e Sistemi GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

The secondary rated value of phase CT is selectable 1 A or 5 A for each side of the

transformer to be protected.

For its internal processing, the relay converts the measured currents as referred to 5 A

value. This operation is irrelevant for the user.

Threshold values are referred in terms of the rated current In of the corresponding

installed CT’s.

Operating characteristic - figure A

SEB Divisione Elettronica e Sistemi GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

1.2 Transformer differential protection (ANSI 87T)

The protection relay IDM8N has been designed to provide three-poles percentage biased

differential protection function to transformer and generator-transformer units.

The relay IDM8N protects two windings transformers; in table A (see ref. D2) there are the

vectorial groups of the transformers which can be protected by the relay.

The insertion of the protection relay is presented in figure 6. The CT’s are installed on both

sides of the protected transformer; in the case of generator-transformer unit, the CT’s are

installed on the HV side of the transformer and on the star-point side of the generator.

The differential relay IDM8N does not require the use of intermediate current transformers

as the phase angle and the current amplitude compensation are carried out by the

protection relay itself; the compensation is function of the programmed characteristics

related to:

•coefficients KTA1 and KTA2

•power transformer vector group

•type of connection if the primary winding is Y (insulated or grounded)

The connection of the power transformer to the network may cause an inrush current

which can be several times the rated current and, with a time constant up to several

seconds. This transient condition appears as a differential current to the protection relay

and it would make the relay trip.

A relatively high content of second harmonic components is typical for the inrush current

while they are nearly absent in case of a short-circuit.

Likewise overexcitation conditions are cause of odd harmonic components (3rd and 5th).

To avoid unsuitable trips, on protection relay IDM8N it is possible to activate (ON/OFF)

and to program (in terms of % Id) two harmonic thresholds (on 2nd and 5th harmonic

components as the 3rd harmonic components are often eliminated through the use of delta

windings).

The harmonic stabilization is activated if at least for one of the phases the measured 2nd

and 5th harmonic content of the differential current exceeds the programmed thresholds;

when the harmonic stabilization is active, the trip related to Id> threshold will be blocked

The harmonic restrain does not effect the Id>> threshold operation.

1.3 Overcurrent thresholds (ANSI 51)

Six overcurrent thresholds are available and actionable, 3 for each side of the transformer,

to guarantee a back-up protection against faults external to the protected transformer or

generator-transformer unit. The function of the overcurrent thresholds is to give an

additional protection to the transformer if the fault condition has not been eliminated by

protection relays closer to the fault.

IH> 1

st primary winding overcurrent threshold

IH>> 2

nd primary winding overcurrent threshold

SEB Divisione Elettronica e Sistemi GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

IH>>> 3rd primary winding overcurrent threshold

IL> 1

st secondary winding overcurrent threshold

IL>> 2

nd secondary winding overcurrent threshold

IL>>> 3rd secondary winding overcurrent threshold

All overcurrent thresholds are definite time; the available settings for each threshold and

time delays are listed in Table B.

Overcurrent threshold values of function ANSI 51 are referred in terms of the rated current

In of the corresponding installed CT’s.

1.4 Residual overcurrent (ANSI 51N)

Three residual overcurrent thresholds are available and actionable, to guarantee

protection against earth faults internal to the protected zone in the secondary side of the

transformer.

IE> 1

st residual overcurrent threshold

IE>> 2

nd residual overcurrent threshold

IE>>> 3rd residual overcurrent threshold

All residual overcurrent thresholds are definite time; the available settings for each

threshold and time delays are listed in Table B.

Residual threshold values of function ANSI 51N are referred in terms of the rated current

Ion of the earth CT.

Note: the relay has two inputs to measure the residual current, one with rated value 1 A

(D1-D2 on CB1) and one with rated value 5 A (D1-D2 on CB2). The earth CT has to

be connected to the inputs referred to its own rated value and the relay has to be

programmed according to the CT rated value (see rif. D11).

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