Solid-State Laser Spectra-Physics Opal Bedienungsanleitung

Opal

Femtosecond Synchronously Pumped

Optical Parametric Oscillator (SPPO)

User’s Manual

The Solid-State Laser Company

1335 Terra Bella Road

Mountain View, CA 94043

Part Number 0000-234A, Rev. E

September 2001

iii

Preface

This manual contains information you need to safely install, align, operate,

maintain, and service your Opal®femtosecond synchronously pumped

optical parametric oscillator (SPPO).

The introductory chapter contains a brief description of the Opal and where

it fits in with the Tsunami®family of products. The Opal is designed for

use with the Tsunami mode-locked, Ti:sapphire laser, pumped by a Millen-

nia®Xssolid state laser or argon ion laser. These are Class IV lasers and

they, as well as the Opal, emit laser radiation that can permanently damage

eyes and skin. The “Laser Safety” section contains information about these

hazards and offers suggestions on how to safeguard against them. To mini-

mize the risk of injury or expensive repairs, read this chapter and carefully

follow these instructions.

“Opal Description” contains a discussion of synchronously pumped optical

parametric oscillators, and it provides a detailed description of the Opal. It

concludes with system specifications and outline drawings.

The middle chapters describe the Opal controls, indicators and connec-

tions, and guide you through its setup and installation, alignment, and oper-

ation. The last part of the manual covers maintenance and service. Included

is a replacement parts list and a short troubleshooting guide. “Customer

Service” contains a general warranty statement and explains how to request

service should you ever need it. It includes a list of world-wide Spectra-

Physics service centers you can call if you need help.

The “Maintenance” section contains information you need to keep your

Opal clean and operational on a day-to-day basis, whereas “Service and

Repair” is intended to help you guide your Spectra-Physics field service

engineer to the source of any problems. Do not attempt repairs yourself

while the unit is still under warranty. Instead, report all problems to Spectra-

Physics for warranty repair.

This product has been tested and found to conform to “Directive 89/336/

EEC for Electromagnetic Compatibility.” Class A compliance was demon-

strated for “EN 50081-2:1993 Emissions” and “EN 50082-1:1992 Immunity”

as listed in the official Journal of the European Communities. It also meets

the intent of “Directive 73/23/EEC for Low Voltage.” Class A compliance

was demonstrated for “EN 61010-1:1993 Safety Requirements for Electrical

Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory use” and “EN 60825-

1:1992 Radiation Safety for Laser Products.” Refer to the “EC Declaration

of Conformity” in Chapter 2, “Laser Safety.”

Opal fs Synchronously Pumped Optical Parametric Oscillator

This equipment has been designed and tested to comply with the limits for

a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.

Finally, if you encounter any difficulty with the content or style of this

manual, please let us know. The last page is a form to aid in bringing such

problems to our attention.

Thank you for your purchase of Spectra-Physics instruments.

Environmental Specifications

CE Electrical Equipment Requirements

For information regarding the equipment needed to provide the electrical

service listed under “Service Requirements” at the end of Chapter 3, please

refer to specification EN-309, “Plug, Outlet and Socket Couplers for Indus-

trial Uses,” listed in the official Journal of the European Communities.

Environmental Specifications

The environmental conditions under which the laser system will function

are listed below:

Indoor use

Altitude: up to 2000 m

Temperatures: 10° C to 40° C

Maximum relative humidity: 80% non-condensing for temperatures up to

31° C.

Mains supply voltage: do not exceed ±10% of the nominal voltage

Insulation category: II

Pollution degree: 2

FCC Regulations

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a

Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits

are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference

when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equip-

ment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not

installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause

harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment

in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case

the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.

Modifications to the laser system not expressly approved by Spectra-

Physics could void your right to operate the equipment.

vii

Table of Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

Environmental Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Warning Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Standard Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Unpacking and Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii

Chapter 1: Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

The Opal®SPPO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Patents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Chapter 2: Laser Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Precautions for the Safe Operation of Class IV-High Power Lasers and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Safety Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Shutter Interlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Maintenance Required to Keep this Laser Product in Compliance with Center for Devices

and Radiological Health (CDRH) Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

CE/CDRH Radiation Control Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Label Translations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

CE Declaration of Conformity (Emissions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

CE Declaration of Conformity (Low Voltage) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Sources for Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

Laser Safety Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

Equipment and Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

Chapter 3: Opal Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

OPOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

The Opal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Wavelength Tuning Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4

Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

The Opal Electronics Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Purging the Cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Opal Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Outline Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Opal fs Synchronously Pumped Optical Parametric Oscillator

viii

Chapter 4: Controls, Indicators and Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Opal Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1

Input Bezel Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2

Opto-Mechanical Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2

Opal Electronics Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5

Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5

Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6

Chapter 5: Installation and Alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Opal Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1

Setting up the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2

Removing/Installing the LBO Crystal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3

Aligning the Opal Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-5

Attaching the Opal Purge Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-7

Removing the Opal Purge Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-9

Opal Alignment—1.3 µm Optic Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-9

Initial Set-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-9

Aligning the Pump Beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-11

Aligning the Opal Cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-12

Alignment of Pr1and Pr2Prism Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-14

Completing the Cavity Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-15

Aligning the Beam to the Servo Wavelength Monitor Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-16

Completing the Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-17

Opal Alignment—1.5 µm Optic Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-19

Initial Set-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-19

Aligning the Pump Beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-20

Aligning the Opal Cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-21

Completing the Cavity Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-23

Aligning the Beam to the Servo Wavelength Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-24

Completing the Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-25

Converting from 1.3 to 1.5 µm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-27

Converting from 1.5 to 1.3 µm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-28

Chapter 6: Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

General Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-1

Turning On the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-2

Resetting the Wavelength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-4

Turning Off the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-4

Purging the Opal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-5

Purge Turn-on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-6

Purge Turn-off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-6

The Front Panel Menu Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-6

The Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-7

Main Menu (MAIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-9

Scan Menu (SCAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-10

Scan Status Menu (SCAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-11

Paused Scan Status Menu (SCAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-11

Remote Menu (REMOTE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-12

Adjust Temp Menu (ADJUST TEMPERATURE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-12

Clear Menu (ADJUST TEMPERATURE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-14

Setup Menu (SETUP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-15

Scan Length Menu (SETUP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-16

Table of Contents

Scanning Coarse Length Menu (SETUP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16

Configure Menu (CONFIGURE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17

Save/Recall Menu (CONFIGURATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17

Miscellaneous (CONFIGURATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18

Diagnostics Menu (DIAGNOSTICS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19

Manual Control Menu (DIAGNOSTICS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19

Scanning Coarse Length Menu (DIAGNOSTICS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21

Wavelength Calibration (DIAGNOSTICS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21

Chapter 7: Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

Notes on the Cleaning of Laser Optics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

Equipment Required: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

Removing and Cleaning Opal Optics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

Standard Cleaning Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

General Procedure for Cleaning all Optics Except the Crystal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

General Procedure for Cleaning the Crystal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Chapter 8: Service and Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

Troubleshooting Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

Replacement Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6

Chapter 9: Customer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

Return of the Instrument for Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

Service Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

Appendix A: Setting the Line Voltage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

Appendix B: GVD Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

The Autocorrelation Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

Measurement of Ultrashort Pulses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-1

Signal Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4

GVD Compensation in Measurement of Ultrashort Pulses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4

Calculating Pulse Broadening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7

Appendix C: Servo Wavelength Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1

Stepper Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1

Appendix D: Replacing the PCMCIA Card Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1

Card Description/Replacement Battery List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-2

Appendix E: Using the Optional RS-232/IEEE-488 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1

Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1

Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1

Format and Syntax Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-2

Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-2

Additional Commands Required by the IEEE 488.2 Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-4

Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-6

Opal fs Synchronously Pumped Optical Parametric Oscillator

List of Figures

Figure 1-1: The Opal shown as part of a complete system. Included are a BeamLok

2080 pump laser, a Tsunami Lok-to-Clock pump laser, the Opal and the Opal Doubler.

Also shown is the Model 409-08 autocorrelator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

Figure 2-1: These CE and CDRH standard safety warning labels would be appropriate for

use as entry warning signs (EN 60825-1, ANSI 4.3.10.1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

Figure 2-2: Folded Metal Beam Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

Figure 2-3: Laser Head Shutter Interlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3

Figure 2-4: CE/CDRH Radiation Control Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5

Figure 2-5: CE/CDRH Warning Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-6

Figure 3-1: A Typical Optical Parametric Oscillator Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2

Figure 3-2: Optical frequency three-wave conversion process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2

Figure 3-3: Typical System Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3

Figure 3-4: Signal and idler wavelengths are tuned by changing the temperature of the LBO crystal. 3-3

Figure 3-5: The Opal Tuning Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4

Figure 3-6: Opal Cavity Beam Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4

Figure 3-7: Wavelengths most affected by vapor absorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7

Figure 3-8: Outline Drawings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9

Figure 4-1: Opal Head Controls and Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1

Figure 4-2: Opal Cavity Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2

Figure 4-3: Front Panel, Opal Electronics Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5

Figure 4-4: Rear Panel, Opal Electronics Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6

Figure 5-1: Opal system layout with a Tsunami Mode-Locked Ti:sapphire Laser and a

Millennia Diode-Pumped Pump Laser. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2

Figure 5-2: Opal Cavity Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-7

Figure 5-3: Transmittance vs. wavelengths for water vapor in the Opal Signal wavelength range . . .5-8

Figure 5-4: M3and M4Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-10

Figure 5-5: P4and M4Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-10

Figure 5-6: Figure “8” frequency-doubled blue beam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-12

Figure 5-7: Positioning the Signal beam horizontally on the grating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-17

Figure 5-8: Visible Light Filter, Side View (Attaches to Signal Window). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-17

Figure 6-1: Wavelengths most affected by vapor absorption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-5

Figure 6-2: Flowchart of the Opal electronics module menu system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-8

Figure 7-1: Drop and Drag Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-4

Figure 7-2: Tissue Folded for Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-5

Figure A-1: Power Switch, Line Cord, and Voltage Selector Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-1

Figure B-1: Interferometric (Collinear) Autocorrelation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-2

Figure B-2: Background-free (Non-collinear) Autocorrelation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-2

Figure B-3: The Model 409-08 Autocorrelator Optical Path. The beam paths are

displaced by HRR1and HRR2in and out of the plane of the paper, so the configuration

corresponds to the background-free method shown in Figure B-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-3

Figure B-4: Using two prisms to compensate for positive GVD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-5

Figure B-5: Broadening Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-8

Figure D-1: Three examples of PCMCIA cards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-1

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Beliebte Elektrowerkzeuge Handbücher anderer Marken

AEG

AEG OMNI-JS Bedienungsanleitung

SIP

SIP 01533 Bedienungsanleitung

Ribimex

Ribimex PRS499 Bedienungsanleitung

3M Fiber Optic Connector Crimp Tool Bedienungsanleitung

Ryobi

Ryobi P524 Bedienungsanleitung

ROJEK

ROJEK FSN 300A Bedienungsanleitung

Kemper

Kemper 1740PRO Bedienungsanleitung

WABCO

WABCO OptiTire Bedienungsanleitung

EINHELL

EINHELL TE-MS 18/210 Li Bedienungsanleitung

Orgapack

Orgapack OR-T 85 Kurzanleitung

TOUGHCUT

TOUGHCUT Diamond 400 Bedienungsanleitung

Yaros

Yaros PB-3603 Bedienungsanleitung

Fein

Fein BSS 2.0 E Einrichtungshandbuch

Baileigh Industrial

Baileigh Industrial SS-2725 Bedienungsanleitung

Milwaukee

Milwaukee 2674-20 Bedienungsanleitung

Fein

Fein BLs 1.6 Bedienungsanleitung

Princess

Princess Electric Multi Sharpener Bedienungsanleitung

FOREDOM

FOREDOM K.1050 Handbuch