Tektronix 7CT1N Bedienungsanleitung

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TABLE

OF CONTENTS

SECTION

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

General Description

Installation

Controlsand Connectors

Basic Operation

Applications

Specification

Supplementary Information

SECTION 2 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

Block Diagram Description

Circuit Description

Services Available

Test Equipment

PerformanceCheckIAdjustmentProcedure

SECTION

DIAGRAMSAND PARTS LISTS

Page

Block Diagram

Electrical Parts List

Component Board Locations

Schematic Diagram

MechanicalParts List

Fig.

1-1.

7CT1N Curve Tracer.

SECTION

OPERA

TlNGINSTRUCTIONS

Introduction

a vertical compartment. The plug-in to which the cable

connected should have an external input with adeflection

This section of the manual gives ageneral descriptionof

factor

100mV/division. thetime

printing

this

the 7CTlN, installation instr~~ti~ns,a functional descrip- manual,

all

the 7000-~~~ie~amplifier

plug-ins

and

all

the

tion of the front-panel controls and connectors, a basic time-base plug-insexcept the delaying time bases meet this

operation procedure, application notes and the instn~ment qualification (see Table 1-1).The deflection factor of the

characteristics. external input to some of the timebases must be

set

using a

variablecontrol.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The 7CTIN is

curve tracer plug-in unit for the

7000-Series Oscilloscope System (see Fig. 1-1).

to be

used to make quick checks of the operation of small-signal

semiconductor devices, particularly transistors and FET's.

features

variable collector or drain voltage supply with

a maximum peak voltage of at least 240 volts and abase or

gate step generator which produces calibrated current of

voltage steps. The ranges of step amplitudes available are

from

pAlstep to 1mAIstep for current steps, and from

mvlstep to 1Vlstep for voltage steps. The maximum

power which can be supplied to adevice

limited to about

0.5 watt. In addition, the unit has a vertical display

amplifier for measuring collector or drain currents from

about 5 nA to 160mA and a horizontal display amplifier

for measuring collector-emitter or drain-source voltages

rangingfrom about 0.2 V to 200 V.

INSTALLATION

The 7CTlN

calibrated and ready for use uponarrival.

can be operated in either a vertical or horizontal plug-in

compartment in any of the 7000-Series Oscilloscope main-

frames.

suggested that the plug-in be installed in a

center compartment.

Also, after the 7CTlN has been installed, set the

PLUG-IN COMPARTMENT pushbutton according to the

location of the 7CTlN in the mainframe. The pushbutton

must be out if the plug-in

in a horizontal compartment,

and in the plug-in

in a vertical compartment. See the

beginning of the Familiarization Procedure for other initial

control settings for the 7CTlN and ~scilloscopesystem.

Table 1-1

7000SeriesPlug-InsWhich Can Be

Used

with

the

7CTlN

CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS

Amplifiers

7A11

7A12

7A13

7A15

7A16

7A18

7A22

To install, align the upper and lower tracks of the

7CTlN with the guides of the desired plug-incompartment

in the mainframe and slide

inuntil

its

front panel

flush

with the mainframefront panel. To remove, pull the release

latch (labeled 7CTlN) to disengage the 7CTlN from the

mainframe and pullthe instrumentout.

Time Bases

7650

7852

7653N

7870

To operate the 7CTIN,

its

horizontal or verticaloutput

must be connected to another plug-in in the oscilloscope

system, through the EXT HORlZ OR VERT OUT cable. If

the 7CTlN is in a vertical compartment, connect the cable

toaplug-in inahorizontal compartment; if the 7CTlN

a horizontal compartment, connect the cable to aplug-in in

This

adescriptionof the function and operationof the

front-panel controls and connectors. More information

given under Basic Operation.

PLUG-INCOM- Determines the output of the EXT

PARTMENT Push- HORlZ OR VERT OUT cable, ac-

button cording to

the

location of the

7CTIN inthe mainframe.

POSITION Positions the display vertically or

horizontally depending on the set-

ting of the PLUG-IN COMPART-

MENT pushbutton.

Operating Instructions-7CTlN

COLLECTORIDRAI

N Varies the collectordrain supply

VOLTS output voltage within the range

set

by the .5V

2V and XI0 push-

buttons.

.5 V

2 V and X10 Selects the horizontal deflection

Pushbuttons factor and the range of the

collector-drain supply output.

Table 1-2 shows the deflection

factors and voltage ranges for the

various

states

of the pushbuttons.

TABLE

1-2

Collector-DrainSupply Outplit Ranges

and

Horizontal Deflection Factors

Collector-

Drain Horizontal

Factor

VERTICAL Selects the vertical deflection

factor. The range of the switch is

from 10pA/division to 20 mA1

division in

1-2-5sequence, with

the

1000 pushbutton in; and

from 10 nA/division to 20pAl

division in

1-2-5sequence with

the pushbcrtton out.

Out

STEP AMPL

When out, the sensitivity of the

vertical display amplifier is

increased 1000 times for making

leakage current measurements.

Also, when out, the collector-drain

supply is changed from a sweeping

output to a DC (non-looping)out-

put.

Out

Selects the step amplitude of the

base-gate step generator output.

When the XSTR-FETpushbutton is

out, the step amplitude range is

from 1

pA/step to 1mA/step in a

1-2-5 sequence; when the push-

button is in, the step amplitude

range

from 1mV/step to 1Vlstep

ina 1-2-5sequence.

STEP

0 V to 7.5 V

OVto30V

V to 75 V

0 V to 300 V

Continuously variable control

which determines the number of

steps inthe base-gatestep generator

output. The number of steps ranges

from 0 to at least 10 steps.

0.5 V/Div

2V/Div

5 V/Div

20 V/Div

STEP OFFSET When pulled out, the control

provides continuously variable off-

set of the base-gatestep generator

output from at least 5 steps of

opposing offset (control fully

counterclockwise) to at least

steps of aiding offset (control fully

clockwise). When the control is

pushed in, zero offset

obtained.

NPN, N CH

PNP, Selectsthe polarity of the collector-

Pushbutton drain supply output and the base-

gate step generator output. When

the

pushbutton

out, the

collector-drain supply output is

positive and the base-gate step

generator steps are either positive-

going for current steps or negative-

going for voltage steps. When the

pushbutton

in, the collector-drain

supply output is negative and the

base-gate step generator steps are

negative-goingfor current steps and

positive-goingfor voltage steps. The

XSTR -FET pushbutton determines

whether the base-gate step genera-

tor output is current or voltage

steps. The NPN, N CH-PNP, PCH

pushbutton also determines the

position of the display. When the

pushbutton is out, the zero position

of the display

located in the

lower left corner of thedisplay unit

CRT; when in, the zero position is

in the upper right corner of the

CRT. The positioning accuracy is

within 0.3 division and may be used

to the check calibration accuracy of

the system.

XSTR-FET Selects whether the base-gate step

Pushbutton generator output

current steps or

voltage steps. When the pushbutton

out, the base-gate step generator

output is current steps in the same

direction as the collectordrain

supply output; when the push-

button

in, the output

voltage

steps in the opposite directjon to

the collectordrain supply output.

This pushbutton also selects which

Operating Instructions-7CT

device testing jacks the collector-

drain supply output and the base-

gate step generator output are

connected to (see Table 1-3).

TABLE

1.3

Connection of Collector-DrainSupply Output and

Base-GateStep Generator Output to

DeviceTesting Jacks

WARNING Light Light flashes when a dangerous

voltage is present at the device

testing jacks.

Device Testing Three binding posts on the front of

Jacks the unit permit connection of

devices to be tested to the curve

tracer unit. The collectordrain

supply output and the base-gate

step generator output are con-

nected either to the B or D (baseor

drain) or C or

(collector or gate)

binding post, depending on the

state of the XSTR-FET pushbutton

(see Table 1-31,The Eor S (emitter

or source) binding post is always

connected to ground.

XSTR-FET

Out

B or D

Step Generator

Collector-Drain

Supply

EXT HORlZ OR

VERT OUT Cable

or G

Collector-Drain

Supply

Step Generator

Connects the horizontal or vertical

signal (depending on the setting of

the PLUG-IN COMPARTMENT

pushbutton) to another plug-in in

the oscilloscope for display on the

CRT

BASIC OPERATION

Familiarization Procedure

This procedure will familiarize the user with the opera-

tion of the 7CTlN, and show how to obtain the basic

characteristic curves for adiode, bipolar transistor and field

effect transistor (FET).Applications are given at the end of

this section. This procedure may also be used as an

operational check. For a performance check of the

instrument, see Section 3.

1. Install the 7CTlN in the mainframe as described in

the beginning of this section. Turn on the oscilloscope

system and set the mainframe, and time base or amplifier

controls as follows:

Mainframe

Horizontaland Set for location of 7CTlN

Vertical Mode and for location of plug-

in 7CTlN is connected to.

Amplifier

Polarity

Coupling

Volts/Div

Time Base

Display Mode

(7B50or 7B70) Amplifier

TimeIDiv or Dl'y

Time (7852or 7B53N) Ampl

Trigger Source Ext

Triggering Coupling DC

DIODE CHECK

2. Set the 7CTlN controls as follows:

POSITION Centered

COLLECTORIDRAIN

VOLTS Fully counterclockwise

XI0 Pushbutton out

.5V-2V Pushbutton out

VERTICAL 1mA/Div

1000 Pushbutton in

STEP AMPL No effect for diode check

STEP

STEP OFFSET

NPN, N

PNP,

PCH

'XSTR-FET

No effect for diode check

Noeffect for diode check

Pushbutton out

3. Position the spot to the lower left corner of the CRT

graticule using the 7CTlN POSITION control and the

position control of the plug-inwhich the EXT HORlZ OR

VERT OUT cable

connected to.

\-J----z=

CAUTION

Occasionally, a single spot may be displayed on the

CRT.

In such cases, avoid high spot intensity to

prevent burning the

phosphor. This precaution

is especially important when using a storage

oscilloscope.

Operating

nstructions-7CTlN

Press the NPN, N CH-PNP, P CH pushbutton. Check

that the spot moves from the lower left corner of the CRT

graticule to the upper right corner. Ifthe mainframedisplay

amplifiers are properly adjusted, the position of the spot

should be within 0.3 division of the upper right corner of

the CRT graticule. If the spot position is not correct, adjust

the VoltsIDiv Variable (amplifier) or Variable (time base)

until the spot deflection is correct between the two settings

of the NPN, N CH-PNP, P CH pushbutton. Release the

NPN,

CH-PNP,

CH pushbutton.

Connect a silicon diode between the C or G (anode)

and

or S (cathode) binding posts of the 7CTlN. The

transistor-FET adapter supplied with the 7CTlN may be

used for this purpose.

TRANSISTOR CHECK

Set the 7CTlN controls as follows:

POSITION

COLLECTORIDRAIN

VOLTS

XI0

.5v

-2v

VERTICAL

1000

STEP AMPL

STEP

STEP OFFSET

NPN, N CH

PNP

PCH

XSTR-FET

Centered

Fully counterclockwise

Pushbutton out

Pushbutton in

1mA/DIV

Pushbutton in

pA1STEP

Fully clockwise

Pull-switch in

Pushbutton out

5. Turn the COLLECTORIDRAIN VOLTS control

clockwise and obtain a display of the forward current

Position the spot to the lower left corner of the CRT

versus voltage characteristic of the diode (see Fig. 1-2A). graticule.

Press the NPN, N CH-PNP, P

pushbutton. The 10. Connect the transistor-FET adapter, which is

supplied with the 7CTlN, to the device testing jacks. Install

polarity of the collector-drainsupply output voltage is now

negative,

providing

display

the

reverse

current

versus

an NPN transistor (with the following suggested character-

voltage characteristic of the diode. istics: of 50 to 100, BVCEOat least 30 V, Ic,,, at least

20 mA) in one of the test sockets.

7. Turn the COLLECTORIDRAINVOLTS control fully

counterclockwise and set the

V and XI0 push-

buttons for a new collector-drain supply range and hori-

zontal deflection factor (see Table 1-2).

\zJJ4'4dz'

CAUTION

'rrrrrrrrr

Always turn the COLLECTOR/DRAIN VOL

control counterclockwise before changing the

collector-drain supply range, to avoid damage to the

device under test.

11. Turn the COLLECTORIDRAIN VOLTS control

clockwise until a trace of about 5 divisions (VCE

10 V) is

obtained. Turn the STEP AMPL switch clockwise until a

family of curves similar to that shown in Fig. 1-2B is

obtained. This

set

of curves is a display of the lc vs. VcE

for a transistor operated in a common-emitter configura-

tion. With the XSTR-FET pushbutton out, the step

generator output is current steps. The setting of the STEP

AMPL switch indicates the increment of current added to

each step (or the step amplitude).

12. Turn the VERTICAL switch throughout its range

and note the change in vertical deflection factor.

Set the VERTICAL switch to 10pAIDiv and turn the

COLLECTORIDRAIN VOLTS control clockwise until the 13. Turn the STEP control fully counterclockwise. Note

reverse voltage breakdown of the diode is obtained. If the

that

the

number

steps

decreases

zero.

With

the

STEP

device does not break down within the display window of

control

fully counterclockwise,

the

base

current

the

the CRT, select ahigher collector-drainsupply range. transistor is essentially zero. (For a true open base

condition, disconnect the base lead from the test socket.)

Note that when the collectordrain voltage is above

about

V, the WARNING light flashes. 14. Release the

1000 pushbutton and note that the

WARNING

)

collector-drain supply output becomes a DC voltage (a

spot) rather than a sweeping voltage

trace). Turn the

VERTICAL switch clockwise to obtain a measurable

A flashing warning light indicates that a potentially

display of leakage current (in this case lcEO).The vertical

hazardous voltage is present on the device testing

deflection factor with the

1000 pushbutton out

the

terminals.

setting of the VERTICAL switch divided by 1000. Before

measuring leakage current, remove the transistor from the

test socket and vertically position the spot to the bottom

horizontal graticule line (top line for PNP transistor).

Repositioning of the spot compensates for leakage current

in the transistor-FET adapter and 7CTlN. (As

mentioned

in part 13, the best measurementof

lCEO

is obtained when

the base lead is disconnected from the test socket).

FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR CHECK

15. Set the 7CTlN controls as follows:

POSITION Centered

COLLECTORIDRAIN

VOLTS Fully counterclockwise

XI0 Pushbutton out

.5V -2V Pushbutton in

VERTICAL 1mA1DIV

1000 Pushbutton in

STEP AMPL 1mV/STEP

STEP Fully clockwise

STEP OFFSET Pull-Switchin

NPN, N CH

PNP,

PCH Pushbutton out

XSTR-FET Pushbutton in

16. Position the spot to the lower left corner of the

CRT graticule.

17. Install an N channel FET in one of the test sockets.

The lead configuration of most FET's should match the

sockets on the transistor-FET adapter. Information on the

side of the adapter indicates which terminals of the socket

the leadsof the FET should be connected to.

18. Turn the COLLECTORIDRAIN VOLTS control

and the STEP AMPL switch clockwise until a family of

curves similar to those shown in Fig. 1-2C is obtained. (The

VERTICAL switch may have to be reset to obtain this

display.) This set of curves is adisplay of

vs.

VDs for an

FET operated in the depletion region. With the XSTR-FET

pushbutton in, the step generator output is voltage steps.

The setting of the STEP AMPL switch indicates the

increment of voltage added to each step (or the step

amplitude). Turn the STEPS control fully counterclock-

wise. The step generator output

now zero volts and the

curve displayed on the CRT is the zero gate-voltagecurve.

19. Turn the STEP control clockwise and pull the STEP

OFFSET control out. Turn the STEP OFFSET control

fully clockwise and note that the curves are offset further

into the depletion region of the device toward pinch-off.

Turn the control fully counterclockwise and note that the

family of curves is offset into the enhancement region of

the device. When an FET is operated in its enhancement

region, the 1

output impedance of the step generator

Operating

nstructions-7CTlN

protects the device by causing the voltage steps to be

compressed as gate current increases. Push in the STEP

OFFSET control to obtain the zero offset condition.

Device Adapters

A transistor-FET device testing adapter (Tektronix Part

No. 013-0128-00) for TO-5 and TO-18 type cases

supplied as a standard accessory with the 7CTlN. A

number of other adapters, which may be used with the

7CTlN. are available from Tektronix. Table 1-4 lists the

adapters available at the time of printingof this manual and

their uses.

TABLE

1-4

Test FixtureAdapters Which

May Be Used With the

7CT1N

Tektronix Part

Number

013-0110-00

Diodes with stud leads; DO-4,DO.S

Case Type

013-0072-00

013-0069-00

013-0070-01

013-0074-00

APPLICATIONS

Diodes with axial leads

Deviceswith long leads

TO-3and TO-66

Transistors with stud leads

The following section describes how to use the 7CTlN

to make some common checks and measurements of

diodes, transistorsand FET's. These checks may range from

checking if a device is operating or not (go, no-go) to

checking manufacturer-specified parameters.Before reading

this section, it is suggested that a user go through the

preceding Familiarization Procedure to acquaint himself

with the 7CTlN.

Diodes

General. Most signal, Zener and tunnel diodes can be

tested with the 7CTlN. The maximum

which can be

measured is about 160 mA and the maximum VR is about

200 V. Care should be taken when testing diodeswhich are

sensitiveto current, especially tunnel diodes.

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