THORLABS FPC020 Bedienungsanleitung

Manual Fiber

Polarization Controllers

User Guide

Manual Fiber Polarization Controllers

Table of Contents

Chapter 1Warning Symbol Definitions.....................................1

Chapter 2General Description...................................................2

2.1.3‐PaddleFiberPolarizationControllers....................3

2.2.Miniature2‐PaddleFiberPolarizationControllers....6

2.3.RecommendedNumberofLoops.............................8

Chapter 3Setup .........................................................................10

3.1.LoadingtheFiber...................................................10

3.1.1.3-Paddle Fiber Polarization Controllers.............................10

3.1.2.Miniature 2-Paddle Fiber Polarization Controllers.............11

3.2.RemovingtheFiber(AllModels)............................11

Chapter 4Specifications...........................................................12

4.1.3‐PaddlePolarizationControllers...........................12

4.2.Miniature2‐PaddlePolarizationControllers..........14

Chapter 5Regulatory ................................................................16

Chapter 6Thorlabs Worldwide Contacts................................17

Manual Fiber Polarization Controllers Chapter 1: Warning Symbol Definitions

Rev H, September 11, 2018 Page 1

Chapter 1 Warning Symbol Definitions

Below is a list of warning symbols you may encounter in this manual or on

your device.

Symbol Description

Direct Current

Alternating Current

Both Direct and Alternating Current

Earth Ground Terminal

Protective Conductor Terminal

Frame or Chassis Terminal

Equipotentiality

On (Supply)

Off (Supply)

In Position of a Bi-Stable Push Control

Out Position of a Bi-Stable Push Control

Caution: Risk of Electric Shock

Caution: Hot Surface

Caution: Risk of Danger

Warning: Laser Radiation

Caution: Spinning Blades May Cause Harm

Manual Fiber Polarization Controllers Chapter 2: General Description

Page 2 1167-D02

Chapter 2 General Description

These manual polarization controllers utilize stress-induced birefringence to

alter the polarization in single mode fiber that is looped around two or three

independent spools to create two or three independent fractional wave plates

(fiber retarders). The amount of birefringence induced in the fiber is a function

of the fiber cladding diameter, the spool diameter (fixed), the number of fiber

loops per spool, and the wavelength of the light. (NOTE: The desired

birefringence is induced by the loop in the fiber, not by the twisting of the fiber

paddles). The fast axis of the fiber, which is in the plane of the spool, is

adjusted with respect to the transmitted polarization vector by manually

rotating the paddles to twist the fiber.

To transform an arbitrary input polarization state into an arbitrary output

polarization state, a combination of three paddles (a quarter-wave plate, a

half-wave plate, and a quarter-wave plate) or two paddles (quarter-wave plate

and a quarter-wave plate) is used. The retardance of each paddle may be

estimated from the following equation:

󰇛󰇜2



󰇛󰇜



Here, φis the retardance, ais a constant (0.133 for silica fiber), Nis the

number of loops, dis the fiber cladding diameter, λis the wavelength, and D

is the loop diameter. While this equation is for bare fiber, the solution for Ø900

µm jacketed fiber will be similar enough that the results for this equation can

still be used (i.e., the solution will not vary by a complete loop Nfor Ø900 µm

jacketed fiber).

The FPC020, FPC030, and FPC560 are empty controllers in which the user

can install a fiber of their choice. The rest of our fiber polarization controllers

have fiber pre-installed to optimize the polarization control at common

wavelengths. These controllers can also be customized using the information

provided in Sections 2.1 through 0.

Manual Fiber Polarization Controllers Chapter 2: General Description

Rev H, September 11, 2018 Page 3

2.1. 3-Paddle Fiber Polarization Controllers

A 3-paddle polarization controller combines a quarter-wave plate, half-wave

plate, and quarter-wave plate in series to transform an arbitrary polarization

state into any other polarization state. The first quarter-wave plate would

transform the input polarization state into a linear polarization state. The half-

wave plate would rotate the linear polarization state, and the last quarter-wave

plate would transform the linear state into an arbitrary polarization state.

Therefore, adjusting each of the three paddles (fiber retarders) allows

complete control of the output polarization state over a broad range of

wavelengths from 300 to 2100 nm. The 3-paddle polarization controllers are

available with paddles that support either Ø27 mm loops or Ø56 mm loops.

Using FPC030 as an example for the controllers with a Ø27 mm loop

diameter, a plot of calcuated retardation per paddle versus wavelength is

shown in Figure 1 for a fiber with a cladding diameter of 80 μm. For fiber with

a cladding diameter of 125 μm, the retardation per paddle versus wavelength

is shown in Figure 2.

Manual Fiber Polarization Controllers Chapter 2: General Description

Page 4 1167-D02

Figure 1

Figure 2

Manual Fiber Polarization Controllers Chapter 2: General Description

Rev H, September 11, 2018 Page 5

Figure 3 and Figure 4 show the results for Ø80 µm and Ø125 µm clad fiber,

respectively, for the FPC560 controller, which has three paddles with a loop

diameter of 56 mm. The larger loop diameter is ideal for fibers with higher

bend loss.

Figure 3

Figure 4

Manual Fiber Polarization Controllers Chapter 2: General Description

Page 6 1167-D02

2.2. Miniature 2-Paddle Fiber Polarization Controllers

The 2-paddle polarization controllers use two quarter-wave plates to transform

an arbitrary polarization state into any other polarization state. In this

configuration, however, the control of the polarization will be coupled between

the two paddles. These controllers allow complete control of the output

polarization state over a broad range of wavelengths (300 to 2100 nm).

The retardation per paddle is a function of loop number and the cladding

diameter of the fiber if the loop diameter is fixed. The retardation, in radians,

is plotted for 1, 2, 3, and 4 loops per paddle for a fiber with cladding diameters

of 80 µm and 125 μm (Figure 5 and Figure 6). Due to its small size, the

FPC020 cannot accommodate more than 4 loops per paddle.

Manual Fiber Polarization Controllers Chapter 2: General Description

Rev H, September 11, 2018 Page 7

Figure 5

Figure 6

Manual Fiber Polarization Controllers Chapter 2: General Description

Page 8 1167-D02

2.3. Recommended Number of Loops

The retardation of multi-order (including zero order) quarter-wave plate is

given by the following equation:

󰇛2  1󰇜

where mis an integer. Similarly, the retardation of multi-order (including zero

order) half-wave plate is given by:

󰇛2  1󰇜

See the table below for several solutions to the equations

Order m

Quarter-Wave

Plate Retardation

Half-Wave Plate

Retardation

Zero 0 

21.57   3.14

1st 1 3

24.71 3  9.42

2nd 2 5

27.85 5  15.71

3rd 3 7

2 11.00 7  21.99

4th 4 9

2 14.14 9  28.27

5th 5 11

2 17.28 11  35.56

The retardation of each paddle should be close to any number above. The

paddle rotation sensitivity should also be taken into consideration when

determining the number of fiber loops. In creasing the number of loops

increases the sensitivity to rotation. One loop is usually too insensitive for most

applications and is rarely used.

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