ACT Apricot Produkthandbuch

apricot

Technical

Reference

Manual

apricot

Technical

Reference

Manual

Portions

this

manual

contain

material

reprinted

permission

of:

SONY

Corporation,

1982.

TRADEMARKS

MicroScreen

a registered

trademark

ofACT.

MS is a registered

trademark

the

Microsoft

Corporation.

is a registered

trademark

Digital

Research.

IBM

a registered

trademark

International

Business

Machines.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ACT wish to acknowledge the invaluable assistance afforded

its consultants inbringing Project Apricot to fruition.

QED Project Design,

Clarence House,

Newport, Gwent.

CAPA,

Aberdeen House,

Highbury

Grove,

Islington,

LondonN2.

Information

contained

this

document

is subject

change

without

notice

and

does

not

represent a

commitment

the

part

ACT.

All

rights reserved,

use or disclosure

without

written

consent.

ACT

(International) Limited,

ACT

House,

III

Hagley Road,

BirminghamB16

8LB.

The

Technical

Reference

Manual

for

the

ACT

Computer

Apricot is divided

into

three

sections

and

number

appendices, as detailed below.

This

manual

intended

for

programmers

and

engineers involved

hardware and

software design for Apricot.

l.SYSTEM OVERVIEW

This

section

provides

overall description of

the

Apricot

computer

and

is divided

into

three

chapters:

1-1 HARDWARE, describes

the

hardware of Apricot

its

basic configuration,

and

forms

the

introduction

the

three

elements

which

constitute

the

microcomputer;the

System

Unit,the

Keyboard

Unit

and

the

Display

Uni

1-2 SOFTWARE, provides a brief description of

the

operating

system

and

its

interface to

the

associated

BIOS.

introduction

the

software

modules

which

constitute

the

BIOS is also provided.

1-3 OPTIONS, forms

the

introduction

the

hardware

options

available for

the

microcomputer,

the

time

printing

the

manual.

2.HARDWARE DETAIL

This

section

contains

detailed descriptions of all

the

hardware aspects of

the

microcomputer

and is divided

into

number

of chapters, as detailed overleaf. Each of

the

three

elements

of Apricot are discussed

detail

with

major

circuit

elements

(e.g.

Disk

Drives, Power supply etc.) also

having separate descriptions.

3.S0FTWARE DETAIL

This

section

contains

a detailed description ofall

software aspects of

the

BIOS

and

is also divided

into

number

of chapters.

The

first provides a detailed description

the

BIOS as a

whole

with

subsequent

chapters detailing

the

individual hardware drivers.

APPENDICES.

number

of appendices are

included

this

manual

which

provide general hardware reference

information

and

also associated software

information

of specific use to

systems/

application programmers.

SECTION I.SYSTEM OVERVIEW

1-1 HARDWARE

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

..................................................... 1

SYSTEM

UNIT

..............

...

.......................................... 3

KEYBOARD

UNIT

.............

...

..................................... 5

DISPLAY

UNIT

.......................................................... 7

1-2 SOFTWARE

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

..................................................... 1

BIOS

FEATURES-

OVERVIEW OF CAPABILITIES ................................ 2

Foreground

and

Background

Operations

............... 2

Multi

-sector Reads

and

Writes

.............................. 3

Tri

-buffer ...

...

....

.. .. .. .. ..

....

.. ..

...

....

................... 3

Apricot

Control

Device

.......................................... 4

System

Configuration

Block .................................. 4

MicroScreen

Driver

................................................ 4

Time

and

Date

Clock

............................................. 5

Calculator

............................................................... 5

General

Hardware

Support

.................................... 5

1-3 OPTIONS

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

..................................................... 1

FLOPPYDISK

OPTIONS

........................................... 1

128KBYTERAMEXPANSIONBOARD

.................. 2

MODEM

..................................................................... 2

NUMERICDATAPROCESSOR

............................... 3

CONTENTS

SECTION 2.HARWARE DETAIL

2-1 SYSTEM

UNIT

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

..................................................... 1

SYSTEM BOARD ........................................................ 2

DISK DRIVES ............................................................. 3

POWER SUPPLYDETAILS ....................................... 3

General

................................................................... 3

Supply

Distribution

......................................... 4

Fuse Rating ............................................................. 4

PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS ........................................ 5

2-2 SYSTEM BOARD

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

.........:........................................... 1

DESCRIPTION .....

...

................................................... 1

Processors .......................................................,

. 1

Communications

Handling

................................... 2

Sound

Generation

.................................................. 3

System

Memory

..................................................... 3

CRT

Controller

...................................................... 4

Floppy

Disk

Controller

.......................................... 4

Expansion Slots ...................................................... 4

Interrupt

Controller

............................................... 4

Timer

...................................................................... 4

Input/Output

Space ................................................ 5

2-3 INTERRUPT CONTROLLER

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

..................................................

...

DESCRIPTION ........................................................... 3

General

................................................................... 3

Interrupt

Sequence ................................................. 4

Interrupt

Masking

.................................................. 5

PROGRAMMING

CONSIDERATIONS .................. 5

General

..............................................."'................... 5

Initialization

Command

Words ............................. 6

Operational

Command

Words ............................... 8

CONTENTS

2-4 TIMER

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

..................................................... 1

DESCRIPTION ........................................................... 2

General

................................................................... 2

Counter

0 ................................................................ 5

Counter

and

2 ...................................................... 6

Baud

Rates

.............................................................. 8

2-5 CRT

CONTROL

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

..................................................... 1

DESCRIPTION

........................................................... 2

General

................................................................... 2

Mode

Selection

....................................................... 8

CRTCDETAIL

.................,...................................... 10

General

................................................................ 10

Description

...........................................

Initialising

the

...

......

.. ..

.......................

...

Connections

............................................. 17

SCREEN

RAM

......................................................... 19

General

................................................................

Text

Mode

............................................................ 20

Graphics

Mode

.................................................... 22

SYSTEM

RAM

UTILISATION ............................... 23

General

................................................................ 23

Text

Mode

............................................................ 24

Graphics

Mode

.................................................... 25

DISPLAY

UNIT

CONNECTOR

DETAIL ............. 26

2-6 FLOPPY DISK INTERFACE

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

..................................................... 2

DESCRIPTION

........................................................... 4

General

................................................................... 4

Disk

Write

.............................................................. 5

Disk

Read ................................................................ 5

Disk

Formatting

..................................................... 6

Read/write

Head

Positioning

................................. 8

CONTENTS

"-.

FDC

DETAIL .............................................................. 9

General

................................................................... 9

ProcessorInterface ......

.. .. ..

.................................. 10

Disk

Drive

Control

.............................................

Command

Status

Track

SectorRegister .....................................................

Data

PROGRAMMING

CONSIDERATIONS

............... 16

Disk

Drive

Selection

........................................... 16

Head

Loading ....................................................... 16

Head

Positioning

................................................. 17

Data

Transfers .....................................................

Formatting

Commands

....................................... 26

Force

Interrupt

Command

..................................

INTERFACE

CONNECTION

DETAILS ...............

System

Connections

........................................... 33

Disk

Drive

Connections

..................................... 35

TRACKFORMAT

...................................................

2-7 SERIAL INTERFACE

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

.....................

...

............................. 1

DESCRIPTION ........................................................

...

General

................................................................... 3

SIO

Overview

......................................................... 4

SIO

Architecture

.................................................... 6

ProcessorInterface .............................................. 10

Write

Definition

...................................

Read Register

Definition

..................................... 25

SIO

Interrupt

Sequence

.......................................

KEYBOARD

COMMUNICATIONS

......................

General

................................................................

Keyboard

Connector

Detail

................................ 33

Channel

Programming

Details

........................

PARALLEL INTERFACE INTERRUPTS ...............

RS232CCOMMUNICATIONS

.............................

General

................................................................

RS232C

Connector

Detail

.................................. 38

Channel

Programming

Details

.......................

CONTENTS

SIO PIN DETAIL ..................................................... 42

System

Connections

........................................... 43

Channel

Connections

...................................... 44

Channel

Connections

...................................... 47

2-8 PARALLEL INTERFACE

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

.............................

...

................... 1

DESCRIPTION

........................................................... 3

General

................................................................... 3

Printer

Interface ...................................................... 4

System

Control

Interface ....................................... 6

2-9

SOUND

GENERATION

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

..................................................... 1

DESCRIPTION

.....................................

...

................... 2

General

................................................................... 2

Tone

Generation

.................................................... 4

Noise

Generation

................................................... 6

2-10 EXPANSION SLOTS

CONTENTS

........:...................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

..................................................... 1

DESCRIPTION

........................................................... 3

Electrical Specification .......................................... 3

Detail

.................

.. .. .. ..

.....

.. ..

.......................... 5

Address

Allocation

.............................................. 10

Expansion Board

Layout

Detail.......................... 10

2-11 DISK DRIVE

CONTENTS

............................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION

..................................................... 1

DESCRIPTION

........................................................... 2

General

................................................................... 2

Interface

Connections

............................................ 3

Disk

Drive

Mechanism

.......................................... 7

Read/Write

Head

.................................................... 7

Head

Positioning

Mechanism

................................ 7

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