Geolux RSS-2-300W Bedienungsanleitung
Copyright ©2021 Geolux d.o.o. All rights reserved.
RSS-2-300W
Non-Contact
Surface Velocity Radar
User Manual
Starting Point
Thank you for purchasing Geolux RSS-2-300W non-contact surface velocity radar! We have
put together the experience of our engineers, the domain knowledge of our customers, the
enthusiasm of our team, and the manufacturing excellence to deliver this product to you.
You may freely rely on our eld-proven radar technology. The use of top-quality components
and advanced signal processing algorithms ensures that Geolux surface velocity radar can be
used in various applications and environments.
Although we are certain that you are more than capable of connecting the surface velocity
radar to your system, we have created this User Manual to assist you in setting up and using
Geolux surface velocity radar device.
Should there be any questions left unanswered, please feel free to contact us directly:
Geolux d.o.o.
Ljudevita Gaja 62
10430 Samobor
Croatia
E-mail: [email protected]
Web: www.geolux.hr
Contents
1. Introduction 1
2. Electrical Characteristics 2
3. Connector Pin-Out 3
3.1. Serial RS-232 Interface 4
3.2. Serial RS-485 Interface 4
3.3. Analog 4 – 20 mA Output 5
4. Installing the Surface Velocity Radar 6
4.1. Instrument Mounting and Location Selection 6
4.2. Measurement Quality Indicator 7
4.3. Rain and Wind 7
4.4. Interference and Multiple Radars 8
4.5. Fogging and Evaporation 8
4.6. Reections 8
5. Surface Velocity Radar Settings 10
6. Data Interface 15
6.1. Serial RS-232 Interface 15
6.2. Serial RS-485 Interface 15
7. Data Protocols 16
7.1. NMEA Protocol (RS-232) 16
7.3. Request-Response Protocol (RS-485) 22
7.3.1. Request-Response Protocol (RS-485) 22
7.4. Modbus Protocol (RS-485) 24
8. GeoluxInstrumentCongurator 28
9. Calculating Discharge from Flow Velocity 31
10. Troubleshooting 33
11. Appendix A – Mechanical Assembly 37
RSS-2-300W User Manual
1
RSS-2-300W Non-Contact Surface Velocity Radar
1
Introduction
Geolux RSS-2-300W surface velocity radar uses radar technology to provide precise
contactless measurement of surface ow velocity. Contactless radar technology enables quick
and simple sensor installation above the water surface, and requires minimum maintenance.
This functionality is achieved by transmitting an electromagnetic wave in 24 GHz frequency
range (K-band), and measuring the frequency shift of the electromagnetic wave reected from
the owing water surface. The frequency shift is caused by the Doppler eect of the moving
surface on the electromagnetic wave. As the relative speed between the radar sensor and the
water surface increases, the detected frequency shift also increases, thus enabling the surface
velocity radar to precisely determine the surface ow velocity.
The surface velocity radar is able to detect water ow traveling at speeds ranging from 0.02 m/s
to 15.0 m/s with precision of 0.01 m/s. Integrated tilt sensor measures inclination angle of the
sensor and the ow velocity measurement is automatically cosine-corrected according to the
measured mounting tilt angle.
RSS-2-300W User Manual
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RSS-2-300W Non-Contact Surface Velocity Radar
2
Electrical Characteristics
The electrical characteristics of the Geolux RSS-2-300W surface velocity radar are given in
Table 1.
Table 1. Electrical Characteristics
Parameter MIN TYP MAX Unit
Communication interface
RS-232 interface speed
RS-485 interface speed
1200
1200
115200
115200
bps
bps
Radar sensor
Frequency
Radiated power (EIRP)
Sensitivity
Beam-width (3dB) – Azimuth
Beam-width (3dB) – Elevation
Measurement range
Resolution
Accuracy
Installation height above the water
24.075
-108
0.02
0.01
24.125
-110
12
24
1
24.175
20
-112
15.0
15
GHz
dBm
dBm
°
°
m/s
m/s
%
m
Power supply voltage 9.0 12.0 27.0 V
Power
Operational mode
Sleep mode
950
85
mW
mW
Alarm output maximal current 60 mA
Alarm output maximal voltage 30 VDC
Analog output maximal voltage 30 VDC
Operational temperature range -40 +85 °C
Measurement range 0.02 15.00 m/s
Resolution 0.001 m/s
Accuracy 1 %
Angle compensation 0 30 75 deg
Installation Height Above the Water 0.1 20 m
Sample rate 10 sps
Ingress protection rating IP68
Mechanical 110x90x50 mm
RSS-2-300W User Manual
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RSS-2-300W Non-Contact Surface Velocity Radar
3
Connector Pin-Out
The surface velocity radar uses robust IP68 circular M12 connector with 12 positions and the
mating cable is also delivered with the surface velocity radar. The connector and cable details
are shown in Picture 1 while Table 2 gives a detailed description of each pin.
Picture 1. Surface Velocity Radar Connectors
Table 2. Connector and Cable Pin-out
Pin No. Wire Color Pin Name Pin Description
1 White GND This pin should be connected to the ground
(negative) pole of the power supply
2 Brown +Vin The power supply for the Radar Speed Sensor
is provided on this pin. The Radar Speed Sensor
power supply voltage must be in the range 9
VDC to 27 VDC, and the power supply must be
able to provide at last 0.65W
3 Green RS232 – TxD RS-232 data transmit signal
4 Yellow RS232 – RxD RS-232 data receive signal
5 Grey GND Signal ground
6 Pink CAN – H CAN2.0B high signal (optional)
7 Blue CAN – L CAN2.0B low signal (optional)
8 Red Reserved Reserved
9 Orange RS485 – D- RS-485 data transmitter/receiver low signal
10 Dark Red RS485 – D+ RS-485 data transmitter/receiver high signal
11 Black Alarm SW Alarm - open collector switch signal max.
60mA (optional)
12 Purple 4 – 20 mA Sink for 4 – 20 mA analog interface. Connect
sensing device as pull-up to sink the current
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RSS-2-300W Non-Contact Surface Velocity Radar
3.1. Serial RS-232 Interface
Serial RS-232 interface is implemented as standard PC full-duplex serial interface with voltage
levels adequate for direct connection to PC computer or other embedded devices used for
serial RS-232 communication.
In case the RS-232 interface is connected to standard DB-9 PC connector, TxD line (green wire)
is connected to pin 2 and RxD (yellow wire) is connected to pin 3. For proper operation of the
serial interface, additional connection of signal GND (grey wire) is required on pin 5 of the
DB-9 connector.
Picture 2. Serial RS232 DB-9 Cable
3.2. Serial RS-485 Interface
Serial RS-485 interface is implemented as standard industrial half-duplex communication
interface. The communication interface is short-circuit and internally overvoltage protected.
Depending on the receiving device, the interface can be used with only two wires (D+ dark red
wire & D- orange wire) while in some cases the ground connection (signal GND grey wire) is
also required. For more details please consult receiver specication.
Most common communication protocol used with RS-485 interface is Modbus-RTU but other
protocols are also available. Details of communication protocols are described later in this
user manual.
Optionally Geolux can supply a cable with DB-9 connector connected to the cable but this
must be specied as option when ordering the sensors.
Several communication protocols are available, and custom on request. Details of
communication protocols are described later in this user manual.
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RSS-2-300W Non-Contact Surface Velocity Radar
3.3. Analog 4 – 20 mA Output
Analog current 4 – 20 mA output is provided for easier compatibility with older logging and
control systems. Output is implemented as current sink architecture with common ground.
Maximal voltage applied to the sink can go up to 30 VDC, providing greater exibility in
connections of the sensor to PLCs, loggers, or data concentrators.
Signal range and function for 4 – 20 mA analog output can be congured in the setup
application so the sensor will be able to signal best suitable value range with available current
range. Current step in the sensor is 0.3 µA, which limits the resolution, so care has to be taken
while setting the minimal value to be represented by 4 mA and the maximal value to be
represented by 20 mA so the resolution is sucient for the system requirements.
Picture 3. Analog 4 – 20 mA Output Internal Architecture
Picture 4. High Side Current Measurement for the 4 – 20 mA Analog Output
Measurement of the current by the client device (logger, PLC, modem etc.) must be
implemented as the high side current measurement as shown on the picture 4. If sensing
resistor is used resistance should be selected from the range 10Ω to 500Ω with recommended
value 100Ω for the sensing resistor.
RSS-2-300W User Manual
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RSS-2-300W Non-Contact Surface Velocity Radar
4
Installing the Surface
Velocity Radar
The surface velocity radar must be installed above the water surface, pointing toward the water
surface at a vertical angle. Recommended minimum height above the water surface is 1 meter,
with maximum height up to 20 meters. Recommended vertical angle is 45 degrees.
Picture 5 shows how the radar should be positioned relative to the water surface.
Picture 5. Installing the Surface Velocity Radar
4.1. Instrument Mounting and
Location Selection
To achieve the specied accuracy, it is important to properly select the measurement site
and to install the sensor with proper horizontal and vertical tilt angle. The tilt angle to
horizontal plane for surface velocity sensor should be between 30° and 60°, and if instrument
is mounted with reasonable tolerances to the pole this should be maintained. For optimal
operation and best results, the instrument should be oriented in parallel with the water ow
direction. Any deviation from parallel water ow direction will introduce oset of the real
measurement value, more precise value will be lower than actual surface velocity of the
water. It is recommended that the instrument is pointed upstream, so that the water ows
towards the instrument.
The height of the instrument above the water surface and the inclination determine area
on the surface that is covered by the radar beam. This measurement area should be clear
of any obstacles. The structure holding the instrument (pole, bridge fence, etc.) must be
solid and without vibrations. There should be no vegetation between the radar and the
measurement area because it could aect measurement accuracy.
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RSS-2-300W Non-Contact Surface Velocity Radar
Water surface directly below the sensor should be clean of vegetation, rocks, sand deposition
or other obstacles that could aect measurement.
Surface velocity radar beam will cover an elliptical area on the water surface. The radar
reports average surface velocity of the covered area and instrument uses complex Kalman
lters with physical modelling of the water ow to give stable measurements even under
turbulent conditions. However even the moderate waviness of the water surface will improve
the measurement, if the water ow is strongly turbulent, uctuations in measured data could
be expected as well as somewhat reduced measurement accuracy. If strongly turbulent ow
can be expected at monitoring site, then the lter length of the radar should be congured to
120 or more.
4.2. Measurement Quality Indicator
Geolux RSS-2-300W instrument is constantly calculating various parameters of the signal in
the signal processing algorithms and will continuously, along with measurement data, report
the measurement quality. Quality indicator value is in range from 0 (the best quality) to 3
(the worst quality) and can be used to interpret data in the analysis software with better
understanding and condence.
For example, when the radar is mounted on the railway bridge, one of common applications,
measurements will be very good quality most of the time except when train is passing the
bridge due to the extensive vibrations. In this case radar will still report measurements but
values could be quite wrong, but also the measurement quality indicator value will go up
to the higher value. It is up to every user to interpret the quality indicator value for their
application, but general recommendation is that measurements with quality indicator 3
cannot be trusted, value 2 could be questionable, and values 1 and 0 are very good and
accurate.
4.3. Rain and Wind
Geolux RSS-2-300W instrument has integrated internal software lters to lter out eects
of rain, fog or wind both for surface velocity. These lters however have some limitations.
Majority of measurement inaccuracies caused by environmental factors can be solved by
proper sensor installation.
For rain and snow suppression, the most eective solution is to mount the radar so that it
points upstream and the water ows towards the radar. As rain falls down and the radar is
tilted downwards, rain droplets will move away from the radar, while the water ows towards
the radar. The radar can then easily distinguish the water movement from rain movement. To
further improve rain ltering, the radar should be congured to report only incoming direction
of water ow. In this case, the radar will completely ignore all movement with direction going
away from the sensor.
Inuence of the wind on the accuracy of measured data is, in most cases small and can be
neglected. The only exception is strong wind as it will create surface waves that are traveling
in dierent direction from the water ow. This can aect surface measurement accuracy.
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