Hitachi AN060404-1 Montage- und Bedienungsanleitung

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Application Note:

APPLYING INVERTERS TO

CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSORS

IN HVAC CHILLERS

Please refer also to the

Inverter Instruction Manual

AN060404-1

Hitachi America, Ltd.

©2004 Hitachi America, Ltd.

Hitachi America, Ltd.

©2004 Hitachi America, Ltd.

APPLYING INVERTERS TO

CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSORS IN

HVAC CHILLERS

When applying an inverter to centrifugal compressors on HVAC chillers,

there are a number of factors to consider.

For some compressors, lubricating oil circulation may be driven by the

rotation of the compressor shaft itself, via a gear-driven pump

arrangement. If you slow the motor speed, the volume of oil provided

for bearings, etc. will be reduced. The lube oil pump may have to be

replaced or modified. Consult the compressor manufacturer to

determine any special requirements. Not all centrifugal compressors

can be adapted cost-effectively to variable speed operation.

Some chillers have built-in logic which may be tied into the existing

starter. A modification may be required from the chiller manufacturer

to allow proper operation with a VFD. You may need to bypass the

control logic of the existing chiller and use temperature or pressure

feedback and PID to optimize speed control while not compromising

the safeties of the built-in logic system. Speed control should take

precedence over compressor vane control. Compressor vanes should

be fixed fully open until speed control is no longer effective (at low

loads). A minimum speed should be configured for the inverter. Below

that level, vane control should be used to adjust to the load. Consult

the chiller manufacturer for specific recommendations.

Depending on the chiller load profile, a savings of as much as 30-40%

per year could be realized. However, if chiller loading remains near

100% most of the time, energy savings will be slight.

Energy saving potential with reciprocating chiller compressors is

minimal. These are constant torque loads, and do not offer significant

energy savings potential. Screw-type compressors present other

technical problems, and are probably not suitable for use with

inverters. Again, consult the chiller manufacturer for specific

recommendations.