HP Kayak XA-s Series 02 Montageanleitung

MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip

MaxiLife is a hardware monitoring chip which is resident on the system

board. Its responsibility includes On/Off and reset control, status panel

management (Lock button, LEDs), hardware monitoring (temperature and

voltage), early diagnostics (CPU, DIMMs, PLLs, boot start), run-time

diagnostics (CPU errors, package intrusions), and other miscellaneous

functions (such as special OK/FAIL symbols based on a smiling face).

The integrated microprocessor includes a Synopsys cell based on Dallas

“8052” equivalent, a 2 KB boot ROM, 256 bytes of data RAM, an I2C cell, an

Analog-to-Digital (ADC) with 5 entries, and an additional glue logic for

interrupt control, fan regulation, and a status panel control.

MaxiLife downloads its code in 96 milliseconds from an I2C serial EEPROM.

The total firmware (MaxiLife 8051-code, running in RAM) size is 5 KB. As it

exceeds the 2 KB program RAM space, a paging mechanism will swap code

as it is required, based on a 512 byte buffer. The first 2 KB pages of firmware

code is critical because it controls the initial power on/reset to boot the

system. This initial page is checked with a null-checksum test and the

presence of MaxiLife markers (located just below the 2 KB limit).

If the boot block has been corrupted, the Firmware can start from its ‘crisis’

block. To do this, set the System board switch 10 to the Closed position.

MaxiLife is partially replacing HP ASIC (Little Ben), and provides the neces-

sary hardware monitoring control. However, MaxiLife is not accessible in I/O

space or memory space of the system platform, but only through the SMBUS

(which is a sub-set of the I2C bus), via the PCI/ISA chipset (PIIX4E South

Bridge). Its I2C cell may operate either in Slave or Master mode, switched by

firmware, or automatically in case of ‘Arbitration’ loss.

As a monitoring chip, MaxiLife reports critical errors at start-up, and as such

is powered by Vstandby (3.3V) power. For MaxiLife to work correctly, the

PC Workstation must always be connected to a grounded outlet. This

enables the PC Workstation’s hardware monitoring chip to be active, even if

the system has been powered off.

MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip

MaxiLife Architecture

The MaxiLife chip continuously monitors temperature and voltage sensors

located in critical regions on the system board. This chip receives data about

the various system components via a dedicated I2C bus, which is a reliable

communications bus to control the integrated circuit boards.

Intel

440BX

AGPset

Temperature

sensors

Voltage

sensors

Architecture

Serial

EEPROM

(system

configuration

and error log) System

Fans

Speed up/slow down

H/WSensor

I2C bus

LCD StatusPanel

PLLs

(clocks)

DIMM

Pentium II

Processor

Package

intrusion

sensor

HP MaxiLife

Serial EEPROM

LLCCDD SSttaattuuss PPaanneell

MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip

The LCD Menu

To access the LCD main menu, press one of the LCD keys. This menu is

composed of several menu items which are displayed two at a time on the

LCD screen. The following menus are available:

•System Info. Obtains information from the BIOS and the system’s Serial

EEPROM from a previously successful boot. This information includes:

product name, BIOS version, serial number, the number of processors and

speed, size of memory for each DIMM socket.

The BIOS logs information in the serial EEPROM with SYSINFO.COM at

the end of the boot.

•Boot Steps. Shows the Power-On Self Test (POST) codes during the

system startup. The POST code is provided by the BIOS and is displayed

on the LCD panel as soon as it is available. If the system stops during the

startup, the last successful boot step POST code is displayed on the LCD.

•Diagnostics. Runs a set of diagnostics assessing the system’s components

(CPU presence, CPU power errors, power supply, clocks, and DIMM

presence). To view the test results for each system component, press

button. If no errors are detected, a screen will display a smiling face. If an

error is detected, an error screen appears indicating the problem.

Using MaxiLife When the Computer Is Powered Off

NOTE For MaxiLife to work correctly, the PC Workstation must always be

connected to a grounded outlet.

Even if the computer is powered off (the LCD status panel will be blank),

MaxiLife is still running and monitoring the state of the LCD buttons. From

this state, the diagnostics program can be run by pressing one of these

buttons. When the Power on option is selected, the main power supply is

started, enabling the hardware monitoring chip to access the status of the

computer’s components. Although the main power supply has been started,

the computer does not continue to complete a normal boot.

The system components are tested in sequence (press the Next button to

move on to the following test). When the diagnostics tests are complete, one

of the following screens will be displayed:

MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip

If no errors are detected, you can exit the test session, and the main power

supply will be turned off and the LCD status panel will become blank.

If an error is detected, a short message is displayed on the LCD status panel

describing the type of error (memory, processor) that occurred. For

example, the message DIMM FOUND: 0 would be displayed if no memory

modules could be located. You can then choose whether to continue viewing

the results of the remaining tests.

NOTE If the Diags program is run when the system is off, it returns to the Off state

when exiting the test session. On/Off transitions are accompanied with a

‘Please wait’ screen to allow MaxiLife to power on and off correctly.

Diagnostics:

Done OK

Exit

Diagnostics:

Done FAIL

Exit

MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip

MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages

When the PC is turned on (pressing the ON/OFF button), the system

initiates the normal startup sequence which is composed of the following

steps:

• Basic pre-boot diagnostics.

• BIOS launch.

• POST phase.

• Operating System boot phase.

If any errors are detected during the startup sequence, MaxiLife does not

purposely ‘freeze’ the system. However, some critical hardware errors are

fatal to the system and will prevent the system from starting (for example,

‘Power’, and ‘Board PLL’ are serious malfunctions that will prevent the CPU

from working correctly).

Errors that are not so critical (for example, ‘CPU Socket’ for missing

terminator, or ‘No RAM’) are also detected by the POST and will abort its

own boot process after beeping. The ‘RAM type’ error is only detected by

POST with the same abort process.

Finally, while the PC is working, fan and temperature checks can be

reported (for example, a fan error when a cable is not connected). This type

of error disappears dynamically when the problem has been fixed (for

example, the fan cable has been reconnected).

The different diagnostics are described below.

Basic Pre-boot Diagnostics

The first diagnostic (called basic pre-boot diagnostics) is run to check the

presence of the processor(s) or terminators, VRMs, power supply, CPU

Board PLL and DIMMs.

The pre-boot diagnostic tests are run in order of priority with respect to

their importance to computer functions. Refer to the table Basic Pre-boot

Diagnostics, on page 8 for test sequences, failure messages and action to

take to solve any problems.

The first detected error displays a message on the LCD status panel. If this

happens, one of the following screens could appear.

MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip

MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages

The following diagram shows how the Pre-boot Diagnostics works when it

encounters an error.

Error!

Power supply

Error!

CPU Socket

Error!

Power CPU 1

Error!

Board PLL

Missing or

incorrectly

installed CPU or

Terminator.

Presence of CPUs or

Terminators in the Processor Slots Control of Some Voltages: VRMs, 12V

Error!

Power CPU 2

VRM or CPU power supply are not connected.

If an Error ! Power is displayed, the likely cause could be that

the power supply is not connected, or the VRM is installed with

an unpopulated CPU socket (unsupported configuration).

CPU Board is not connected, or the

system board needs replacing.

Control of the CPU Board

Error!

RAM type

No Dimms are

detected.

Number and Compatibility of

DIMMs

Installed DIMMs are not

compatible. This is in

fact the BIOS that is

checking the inserted

DIMMs.

Error!

No RAM

Video board is not installed.

This test is executed by the BIOS.

Video Board

Error!

No Video

Error!

CPU Socket

MaxiLife Firmware

LCD Status Panel

I2C Bus

DIMM 2

Voltage CPU1, CPU2

Voltage 12V

CPU or Terminator

PLL Frequence

Vcc State (5V)

PGOOD (VRM output)

An error has been detected when checking the

CPU and Terminator. The displayed error mes-

sage could indicate a missing CPU or Terminator.

DIMM 1

MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip

MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages

The following table shows the test sequence carried out, the type of error

message, and the action to take.

Table 1 Basic Pre-boot Diagnostics

Test Error Code Action to Take

Presence of either CPU or Terminator in the

processor slot.

CPU SOCKET • Check CPUs and Terminator and VRM of installed processor.

Control of some voltages: VRMs, 12V POWER SUPPLY • Check the power supply connectors, VRM, CPU. In a single

processor system, check that the VRM is not plugged into the

terminator socket.

The error message could also show: Power CPU1 and Power

CPU2.

Test of the correct power signals to the CPU.

The power supply may be OK, whereas the VRM

is not.

POWER • Check that the VRM, processor and terminator are correctly

installed.

• Check that the VRM is not plugged on a socket with a

terminator (this could be the likely cause).

• Check or replace the VRM.

• Check the power supply unit connectors.

Check the system board clock generators (PLL). BOARD PLL • Check the power supply connector.

• Replace the system board (PLL clock generator).

Number of installed DIMMs NO RAM • Check that the memory module is correctly installed in the

memory socket.

Compatibility of DIMMs. The BIOS checks that

the inserted DIMMs are both compatible with

one another, and compatible with the Front Side

Bus frequency.

RAM TYPE • Check the installed memory modules. This error occurs when

mixing incompatible memory modules, for example, when

installing a 66 MHz DIMM on a 350 MHz or higher system, or

when mixing Unbuffered and Registered memory modules.

Availability of video controller. It is checked by

the BIOS. If an error is detected, it is not a fatal

one and the BIOS will continue its execution

normally.

NO VIDEO • Check that the video controller is correctly installed.

Note: No error is detected if a monitor is not connected to an

installed video controller. This is not a fatal error and the BIOS will

continue its normal execution.

MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip

MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages

Post Test Sequence and Post Error Codes

In order to check that the CPU is able to run the BIOS boot code (POST

phase) from the first CPU instructions through to DIMM detection, MaxiLife

firmware waits for a synchronization event from the BIOS. Any failure that

prevents the execution of the firmware will therefore trigger the BIOS error

and will display the following message on the LCD status panel.

Then, the BIOS executes the Power-On Self Test (POST) sequence. In this

phase, MaxiLife waits for any error messages that the BIOS may issue. If

such an error occurs, then a screen similar to the following example is

displayed. The error code that appears on the LCD status panel is the same

as the one that appears on the PC screen. If the POST issues several error

codes, only the last one is visible on the LCD status panel.

The following diagrams show the different BIOS-generated errors.

Error!

BIOS

Error!

POST XXXX Where XXXX = POST

error code

BIOS

LCD Status Panel

DIMM 1

There is a timeout of 3 sec-

onds before the message is

displayed on the LCD status

panel and video display.

“read DIMM 1” MaxiLife

“Spy DIMM 1”

“BIOS” ERROR

Error!

BIOS

MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip

MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages

Operating System Boot Phase

If no error message has been displayed at this stage of the system startup by

the BIOS, the operating system is launched and the LCD status panel will

display the system platform (for example, HP KAYAK XA-s), and a “smiling

icon.”

Run-Time Errors

During the normal usage of the PC, MaxiLife continualy checks some of the

vital system parameters. These include: temperature errors, fan

malfunctions, power voltage drops, board PLL problems and CPU problems.

If several alarms or errors are active at the same time, they will be displayed

by cycling every second through four “alarm sources”, with one error cause

for each source:

Error!

No Video

“BIOS”-Generated Errors

DIMM 1

DIMM 2

Video

Slots

BIOS

System issues a Beep Code

before attempting to

display the error code.

“No Video”

“RAM type” MaxiLife

LCD Status Panel

Table 2 BIOS Launch and POST Phase

Test Error Code Action to Take

In order to detect whether the CPU is able to run

a given code, HP MaxiLife waits for a

synchronization event from the BIOS. Any failure

that prevents the execution of the firmware will

trigger an error.

BIOS • Flash the latest version of the system BIOS by using the system

recovery procedure. Set switch 10 to the down position.

• Check that the RAM is correctly installed.

• Check that the CPU is firmly inserted.

The BIOS then executes the Power On Self Test

(POST) sequence. In this phase, HP MaxiLife

waits for any error messages that the BIOS may

issue.

POST XXXX • If the screen is working, you can obtain the meaning of the

error by typing “Enter” at the end of the POST. Or, you can

check the list of errors available on the HP World-Wide Web

support page: http://www.hp.com/go/kayaksupport

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