IBM 80 Installations- und Betriebshandbuch

Customer Engineering

Manual

Instruction

Issued

to:

____________

Branch

Office:

__________

---:-_

Department:

___________

Address:

____________

Card

Sorting Machine

If this

manual

mislaid,

please

return

the

above

address.

MINOR REVISION (May 1957)

This edition, Form225-8766-4,

a minor revision of the preceding edition

but does not obsolete Form 22-8766-3. Principal changes in this edition are:

PAGE

SUBJECT

22 to end Deletion of all material that is

the

82-80-75

C.B.

Reference Manual

76 Added instructions for the 978 Card

Counting Unit

International Business Machines Corporation

CONTENTS

IBM

CARD

SORTING MACHINE

FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLES .......................................... 5

Principle of Sorting ................................................ 7

Operating Features .................................................. 8

Switches and

Fuses

......................................... 8

Card Brush ..................................................... 9

Contact Roll Cover .......................................... 9

Commutator ...................................................... 9

Declutching Hand Wheel ............... ................ 9

Card Runout .................................. ................ 9

Pocket Stop Device .......................................... 9

Machine Operation ......................... ................ 9

Current, Weight and Dimensions ... ................ 10

MECHANICAL

AND

ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES ........

Chute Blades and Sort Magnet ................................

Card Brush Assembly ..............................................

Commutator ..............................................................

Drive Shaft and Motor ............................................ 16

Declutching Hand Wheel........................................

Reverse

Lock

............................................................

Feed Knives .............................................................. 18

Feed Rolls ................................................................ 19

Card Levers and Contacts ........................................

Pocket Stop Device ..................................................

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION ................................................

Selenium Rectifiers ..........................................

Duo Relays ......................................................

Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations ..............

Time Delay Relay............................................

Relay Gate and Electronic Chassis ...........

_......

Tube Filaments ................................................

DC Machine Circuit ........................................

Star~ing

a!ld

~unning

Circuits ................................

SortIng Circuits ........................................................ 26

General Operation ............................................

Oscillator and Rectifier Tube ................

...

.......

Static Circuit Conditions ................................

Firing the Trigger Tube .................................. 29

Energizing the Sort Magnet .......................... 29

Restoring

Bias

..................................................

Miscellaneous Components ..............................

Suffix

Changes ....................................

PURPOSE OF RELAYS, CONTACTS AND SWITCHES

IBM

CARD

SORTING MACHINE

FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLES ..........................................

Operating Features ..................................................

Mechanical and Electrical Principles ........................

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION ................................................

Relay Cabinet .................................

...............

DC Machine Circuit ......................................

Starting and Running Circuits ................................

Motor Relay and Card Control Relay ..............

Drive Motor ....................................................

Sorti~U~~~~ui~a~.~~!.~~.~

..........

~~~~

......

........

..................

::::::::::::::

Purpose of Relays and Contacts ............................

IBM

CARD

SORTING MACHINE

FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLES .......................................... 39

Operating Features .................................._............... 40

Switches ......................._.................................... 40

Counter Reset .................................................. 40

Current, Weight, and Dimensions

...

............... 40

Mechanical and Electrical Principles ...................... 40

Card Counters

................................................ 40

Reset Interlock Contact ....................................

Counting Commutators

......... ......................

Slate

Base

Relays ............................................

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION ................................................ 45

~elay

~abi!lets

and Power Supply Rectifier .... 45

CountIng Circuits ....................................................

Card Lever Hold Relay.................................. 45

Counter Magnets and Relays

........................ 46

Transfer Set Up Relay.................................... 47

Count Control Relay and Reject Counter ...... 47

Total Counters ................................................ 47

Sorting Circuits ........................................................ 47

Purpose of Relays, Commutators, and Contacts .... 47

SPECIAL

DEVICES

AUXILIARY CARD

COUNTING

DEVICE ..................

Circuit Description ..................................................

SORT SUPPRESSION DEVICE ......................................

Circuit Description ..................................................

Sort Suppression Commutator ........................ 54

Energizing the Sort Magnet ............................ 54

CARD MATCHING DEVICE ..........................................

Circu?tPg:~~~?Pti~~··::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Sorting Detail Cards ........................................

Sorting Master Cards ......................................

Purpose of Miscellaneous Circuit Components

51:!

MULTIPLE COLUMN SELECTION DEVICE ................

Control Panel' ..................................................

Common Digit Select:on .................................. 60

Multiple Column Selection ..............................

Zero-Elimination ............................._................ 62

Normal Sorting ................................................ 63

Internal Controls ......................................................

6.3

Circuit Description .................................................. 64

Normal Sorting and Common Digit Selection 64

Multiple.

Col.umi?'

Select.i~n

.................................... 64

Static

CirCUit

Condltlons .................................. 64

Sensing a Selected Value ................................ 64

Sensing an Unselected Value .......................... 64

Zero Elimination .................................................... 68

Static Circuit Conditions ................................ 68

Operation of

.the

Zero-Eliminate Control Tube 68

Circuit Cutout Relay........................................ 69

GROUP SORTING DEVICE .......................................... 70

Internal Controls ....................................................

Circuit

I?esc~ipti?n

......:.:.........................................

Static

CirCUit

Condltlons ..................................

Firing the MCC Tube ....................................

Sorting the Master Card ...............................

Sorting Detail Cards ..................................... 72

Trailer Card Operation ....................................

Single Master Card Operation ........................

Purpose of Miscellaneous Circuit Components

IBM 978 CARD COUNTING

UNIT

.............................. 76

Functional Principles .............................................. 76

Introduction ...................................................... 76

Reset .................................................................. 76

Counters ............................................................ 76

Tube and Relay Storage .................................. 76

Circuits ......................................................................

Powe~

Supply:

.....:........................................... 77

ConditiOning

CirCUits

...................................... 79

Sort

Only.......

................................................. 79

Count Only...................................................... 79

Sort and Count ................................................ 82

Purpose of Circuit Components .............................. 82

Wire Contact Relays ........................................ 82

Duo Relays ..................................... ................. 82

Cam Contacts ................................................... 84

Switches ............................................................ 84

Rectifier ............................................................ 84

Resistor .................. .......................................... 84

IBM

CARD

SORTING

MACHINE

IBM

CARD

SORTING

MACI-tINI:

FUNCTIONAL

PRINCIPLES

THE THREE machines necessary

perform the basic

operations required in punched card accounting are the

punch, the sorter, and the accounting machine. The

punch establishes the records, the sorter arranges or

classifies them, and the accounting machine produces

the printed reports.

punched card accounting systems, thousands of

cards may

involved daily in the

taJSk

of preparing

final reports.

most

cases,

these cards must

classi-

fied

properly prior to the preparation of each report on

accounting machines. Classification of such a large

number of cards manually would present an immense

task which would consume many man hours of work

and would

greatly subjected to human errors.

The Type 82 Card Sorting Machine affords a speedy

and accurate method of arranging cards into any desired

sequence. The operation of the Type 82 Sorter

Figure 1. Card Transport Through

the

Machine

CARD

SORTING

MACHINE,

TYPE

entirely automatic, except for the removal and replen-

ishing of cards in the machine.

Sorting cards on the Type 82 machine consists of

running the cards through the machine once for each

column in the field being classified. This

comparable

to scanning a series of printed figures with the human

eye, except here an electric sensing brush becomes the

eye.

This brush can sort on only one column at a time.

However, it

movable,

that the operator may posi-

tion the brush to sort on

anyone

of the 80 column

positions on the IBM card. The machine

equipped

with

pockets for dispersal of cards; one pocket for

each digit value 0 through

and one reject pocket

for cards unpunched in the column being sorted.

means of feed knives, cards are

fed

one at a time

from the bottom of the pack in the card magazine on

the right end of the machine (Figure

1).

After leaving

the card magazine, they are gripped between sets of

constantly revolving feed rolls and are fed from the

right to the left of the machine.

the cards travel

from right to left, they first

pass

the card brush station,

112

2 2

1 3

1 2

2 1)

1 3

2 2)

2 1

1 1

1 2

2,2

2 3

2 1

2 2

Cards

Magazin

(in miscellaneous

order)

23 22

13 12

--~

"3" Pocket "2" Pocket "1" Pocket

Cards

now

order

units position

FIRST

SORT

located between the first and second sets of feed rolls.

Here the punching in the card column being sorted

sensed

means of a brush projecting through the holes

in the card and making contact on a common roll.

Sensing of card punching

the card brush station sets

up the proper combination of raised or lowered chute

blades at the sort magnet station, located between the

second and third sets of feed rolls. This setup

accom-

plished

the leading edge of the card

traveling

under the chute blades. The chute blades, according

their setup, then direct the' card

its

proper pocket

(the card

still being carried

the feed rolls).

a 1 punch

sensed at the card brush station, the

chute blade combination setup will be such that the

card will be directed to the 1 pocket.

an 8 punch

sensed at the card brush station, the chute blade

combination setup will be such that the card will be

directed to the 8 pocket.

no punching

sensed

the card brush station, all chute blades will remain in

a raised position, and the card will be directed

the

reject pocket.

g)3

1 3

2 3

1 2

2 2

1 2

2 2

1 2

2 2

2 1

1 1

2 1

Cards in

order

in u

nits

position

(in

miscellaneous 0

rder

tens position)

22 13

"2" Pocket

"I"

Pocket

Cards

order

units and tens position (sub classification)

SECOND

SORT

Figure

Principle

Sorting

FUNCTIONAL

PRINCIPLES

During the time that the punching in the card

sensed and the proper chute blade combinations are

set up, the card

continually moving from right

left under control of the constantly running feed rolls.

Speed

and

Capacity

The speed of the Type 82 machine

650 to 660

cards per minute.

The

capacity of the card magazine

550 cards.

PRINCIPLE

SORTING

Numerical Sorting

Sorting multiple digit fields when only one column

may

sorted

a time is illustrated in Figure

group of cards, punched

through 23 in a two digit

field, are arranged in miscellaneous order and placed

in the card magazine of the sorter.

The

units position

sorted first by positioning the card brush

that

column and running the cards through the machine.

All cards punched with a 1 in the units column will fall

into the 1 pocket, all cards punched with a 2 in the

units column will fall into the 2 pocket, etc.

When

all the cards have been run through the

machine for sorting on the units position, the card

brush

shifted to the tens column position and the

cards removed from the pockets. To remove cards from

the pockets in proper sequence, the

l's

are removed

first and placed

face

down in the card magazine, the

2's are removed next and placed face down on the

l's, the 3's

face

down on the 2's, etc. This

common

practice but cards may be removed in descending order

starting with the 9's and keeping the cards face up

in the palm of the hand instead of face down. The

important item during removal

to keep the cards

in sequence.

After all cards have been removed from the pockets

and replaced in the card magazine, and the card brush

has been located on the tens column position, the

machine

restarted and sorting of the tens position

takes place. Those cards punched with a 1 in the tens

position fall into the 1 pocket, the 2's into the 2 pocket,

etc.

removing the cards from the pockets in ascend-

ing order

was

done on the first sort,

(l's

ahead of

the 2's) the original group of miscellaneous cards will

found to be in numerical sequence froni

to 23.

The sorting process could be illustrated further

the

use

of a larger field, but from the foregoing example

it will

observed that, upon completion of the second

sort, all cards will appear in groups arranged in correct

numerical sequence.

The procedure for sorting cards to arrange them in

proper sequence according to major and minor classi-

fications follows the same general principle.

the above

mentioned two-digit numbers were subclassifications and

another one-column field were a major classification,

the next sort for major classification would bring these

groups together, and the subclassifications would be

in order within each group

illustrated in Figure 3.

A general rule to be kept in mind

that the sorts

for the minor

subclassifications are made first and

the

SOrts

for the major classifications are made last.

Alphabetic Sorting

Sorting cards containing alphabetic information into

alphabetic sequence necessitates the double sorting of

each column, since each letter

recorded by two holes

in a single column, one of which

12,

or 0 and

the other a digit from 1 to

For example, the letter

indicated

punched holes in the 12 and 1 posi-

tions of a given column.

1523

522

1323

522 422 322

521

421

321

513 412 313

512 411 312

"5"

Pocket

"4"

Pocket

"3"

Pocket

Major! Sub

! 2 3

1 1

, 1

: 1 3

i 1 3

: 1 2

, 1 2

4Y:

1 1

Cards

Maga

zine

by(cards

order

sub

classificatio

ne~us

but

miscella

order

major

classification)

Cards now

order

by sub

and

major classification

SORTING

MAJOR

GROUPS

Figure

Principie

Sorting

CARD

SORTING

MACHINE,

TYPE

The cards are sorted in the normal manner

accord-

ing to the digits 1 to 9 in the first column to

sorted.

The

zone

contact bar on the commutator (Figure

then moved

the center of the commutator and

the complete sorting operation repeated on the

same

card column. Positioning the

zone

contact bar in this

manner suspends sorting for all values of punching

except 0,

and 12. Those

cards

which fall in the

pocket will contain the letters A to I

alphabetic

sequence; those in the

pocket, the letters J

and those in the °pocket, the letters S to Z. Succeeding

columns are each sorted in the

same

manner

above;

the digits 1

first,

followed

sorting of the zone

punchings 0,

and 12. When cards

are

removed

from the pockets following a

zone

sort, the

zone

cards should be placed

face

down

in the card magazine,

the

zone

cards next; and the °

zone

cards

last in

preparation for digit sorting on the next column.

most

cases,

not necessary to sort on all columns

of a name field to place the cards in alphabetic order.

Usually sorting on the first three or four characters in

a group of names will

sufficient.

OPERATING

FEATURES

REFER

to Figure 4 for the location of the major oper-

ating features.

Switches

and

Fuses

There are 3 operating switches located on the front

right end of the machine. The main line switch, when

turned

on,

furnishes power to the machine and

com-

Fi4ure 4. Operatinl1 Features

FUNCTIONAL

PRINCIPLES

pletes a circuit to the filaments of the tubes.

also

completes a circuit to the time delay relay.

The start button, when depressed, sets up circuits

which energize the drive motor, and it causes the

ma-

chine

operate. The start button

ineffective for

approximately 50 seconds after turning on the main

line switch because of the delay caused

the time delay

relay. This delay

necessary to allow the electron tube

filaments to reach proper operating temperature before

the machine

started.

The stop button causes immediate stopping of the

machine.

When

the

stOP

button

depressed, the run-

out feature of the machine

rendered inoperative, and

the machine stops

soon

its inertia

overcome

friction.

The fuses are located on the inner side of the right

hand lower cabinet assembly in the position shown in

Figure

Card

Brush

The card brush senses the punching in the card.

may be set on any column to

sorted

rotating the

card brush lifting handle near the front of the card

magazine. Each rotation of the handle moves the brush

one column. The brush may

moved across several

columns

rotating the handle to the upper position

and sliding the brush holder to the desired column while

pressing down the finger lever at the top of the brush

assembly. A column indicator guide and pointer

located above the brush in a position readily visible

to the operator for convenient setting of the brush on

the column to be sorted.

Contact

Roll

Cover

The plastic cover.over the contact roll must

down

before the start key can become operative. This

safety cover which operates two microswitches. Open-

ing of these microswitches when the contact roll cover.

raised interrupts the running and sorting circuits.

Commutator

the front end of the first lower

feed

roll

commutator on which

contact bars (one for each

vertical position in the card) and an alphabetic zone

bar are mounted. The contact bars on the commutator

are accessible through the large hole

the switch plate.

When

all of the commutator contact bars are toward

the outside of the commutator, all holes punched in

the card column being sorted are sensed and cause the

card to sort to its proper pocket. However,

the 4 and

ocontact bars, for example, were moved to the center

of the commutator, sorting of 4's and

O's

would be

suspended. Any 4 or 0 punching in the card column

being sorted would not be sensed and the card would

feed

to the reject pocket just

though it were un-

punched. Sorting of all other digits would be normal.

1£

the zone contact bar (red bar)

moved to the

center of the commutator, sorting will be suspended

for all punching except 0,

and 12.

That

is,

those

cards that have no 0,

punching in the column

being sorted, will be fed to the reject pocket

though

they were unpunched.

Declutching Hand Wheel

A declutching hand wheel

provided for turning

the machine over

hand to check adjustments and

timings. This hand wheel

located on the right end

of the machine and, when rotated in a clockwise direc-

tion, causes the main drive shaft and its gears to revolve.

The handwheel must be pressed

the left while

being revolved before the main worm shaft will

rotate.

When

the machine

operating under power,

the handwheel

automatically declutched to keep

it from revolving and presenting a hazard.

Card Runout

When

the card magazine becomes empty while the

machine

in operation, a runout feature incorporated

in the machine keeps the drive motor running for a

long enough period of time to allow all cards to feed

their proper pockets.

older sorting machines

this

runout feature was not present, making it necessary in

many cases to depress the start

key

long enough to feed

the last

few

cards into their proper pockets.

Pocket Stop Device

Each pocket of the sorter

equipped with an auto-

matic pocket stop. This

a safety device which auto-

matically shuts

off

the current and stops the machine

when

anyone

of the thirteen pockets becomes filled to

capacity with cards. Each pocket has a capacity of

approximately 550 cards. Once the machine has been

stopped

the activation

the pocket stop device, it

can not be restarted

means of the start key until

the full pocket or pockets have been emptied.

Machine Operation

The main line switch should be turned on first to

allow time for the tubes to heat up while other prepara-

tions for starting are

being

completed.

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