IBM ZVM - FOR LINUX V6 RELEASE 1 Bedienungsanleitung

z/VM

Getting Started with Linux on System z

version6release1

SC24-6194-00



z/VM

Getting Started with Linux on System z

version6release1

SC24-6194-00



Note:

Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information under “Notices” on page 143.

This edition applies to version 6, release 1, modification 0 of IBM z/VM, (product number 5741-A07) and to all

subsequent releases and modifications until otherwise indicated in new editions.

This edition replaces SC24-6096-03.

US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract

with IBM Corp.

Contents

About this document .........v

Intended audience ............v

Conventions and terminology used in this document v

Where to find more information .......vi

Additional Publications .........vi

How to send your comments to IBM . . ix

If you have a technical problem........ix

Summary of changes.........xi

SC24-6194-00, z/VM Version 6 Release 1 .....xi

Chapter 1. About z/VM ........1

Overview of the Control Program (CP) .....3

Central processing units (CPUs) .......3

Storage ...............3

DASD and minidisks ..........4

Temporary minidisks ..........4

Virtual disks in storage ..........4

Virtual readers, punches, and printers .....4

The virtual machine console ........4

Overview of the CP spool file system .....7

The user directory ...........8

Overview of the Conversational Monitor System

(CMS) ................9

Minidisks and the CMS access mode .....9

CMS files ..............11

The PROFILE EXEC ..........12

The Help system ...........13

The CMS file editor XEDIT .........15

Input mode .............17

Overview of changing files ........18

SAVE, FILE, QUIT, and QQUIT.......19

Summary of Linux and z/VM similarities ....20

Chapter 2. Planning for Linux virtual

servers ..............21

Overview of z/VM capacity planning .....22

Estimating memory and CPU requirements....25

Overview of estimating memory and CPU

requirements .............25

Steps for estimating memory and CPU

requirements .............27

Guidelines for estimating the amount of DASD you

need.................28

For z/VM paging ...........28

For the Linux file system .........29

Planning your network ..........30

TCP/IP networking options for Linux ....30

Giving Linux virtual servers access to

cryptographic hardware for SSL acceleration . . 31

Planning for user management ........32

Steps for obtaining documentation and media . . . 34

Chapter 3. Changing the system

configuration ............35

Overview of the SYSTEM CONFIG file .....35

Steps for adding a paging, spooling, or user volume 35

Steps for releasing the primary parm disk ....37

Steps for updating the CP-owned volume list . . . 37

Steps for updating the default system identifier . . 39

Steps for updating the user volume list .....40

Steps for setting up warm start, clearing tdisk space,

and other features ............41

Steps for controlling access to devices at startup . . 43

Steps for defining a virtual switch .......44

Steps for setting addresses for consoles .....46

Steps for updating special escape character defaults 47

Steps for checking the syntax of the SYSTEM

CONFIG file ..............48

Steps for restoring CP’s access to the primary parm

disk .................49

Chapter 4. Configuring the Directory

Maintenance Facility .........51

Steps for enabling DirMaint .........51

Steps for changing the passwords for DirMaint

service machines ............52

Steps for configuring DirMaint ........53

Steps for authorizing users to perform DirMaint

tasks.................54

Steps for controlling where DirMaint creates

minidisks ...............55

Steps for copying the current USER DIRECT file . . 57

Steps for putting the configuration into production

and starting DirMaint ...........58

Steps for automatically starting DIRMAINT . . . 59

Steps for testing DirMaint .........60

Step for modifying the OPERATOR’s directory entry 60

Chapter 5. Configuring TCP/IP ....63

Setting up the production TCP/IP .......63

Steps for automatically starting TCP/IP .....63

Chapter 6. Restarting z/VM and

checking the system.........67

Steps for restarting z/VM .........67

Steps for checking paging and spooling space . . . 67

Step for checking the system identifier .....68

Step for checking the user volume list .....68

Steps for checking features .........69

Step for checking offline devices .......69

Step for checking the virtual switch ......69

Step for checking character defaults ......70

Steps for checking TCP/IP .........70

Chapter 7. Creating your first Linux

virtual machine and installing Linux . . 71

Overview of defining virtual machines for Linux . . 71

Steps for defining a master virtual machine for

Linux ................71

Steps for setting up LINMSTR’s disks .....75

Installing Linux in a virtual machine ......77

Overview of installing Linux in a virtual machine 77

Example of using FTP to get the Linux boot files 79

Example of punching Linux boot files to the

virtual machine reader..........80

Example of booting (IPL) the Linux boot files

from the virtual machine reader ......81

(Optional) Steps for loading Linux automatically at

logon ................82

Chapter 8. Cloning Linux virtual

servers ..............83

Steps for cloning a Linux virtual server .....83

Chapter 9. Setting up basic system

automation .............85

Starting and stopping virtual machines

automatically ..............85

Steps for automatically starting Linux virtual

servers and other virtual machines .....85

Steps for enabling Linux virtual servers to shut

down automatically ..........87

Setting up the programmable operator .....88

Overview of the programmable operator . . . 88

Steps for setting up the routing table .....89

Steps for setting up the programmable operator 92

Steps for automating Linux virtual consoles . . 93

Steps for testing your automation ......95

Chapter 10. Performing run-time tasks 97

Overview of console types .........97

Real operation tasks ...........98

Step for monitoring the logical operator console 98

Step for restarting z/VM ........100

Step for managing real devices ......100

Step for managing users.........105

Virtual machine operation tasks .......107

Steps for using CP commands at the Linux

virtual console ............108

Archiving and backing up critical data .....112

Overview of archiving z/VM system data . . . 112

Archiving virtual server disks .......113

Chapter 11. Monitoring performance

and capacity ............117

Overview of performance monitoring .....117

Monitoring Linux virtual servers with

Performance Toolkit for VM .......118

Overview of the z/VM scheduler......118

Steps for taking a snapshot of system performance 120

Using the CP Monitor and Performance Toolkit for

VM.................123

Overview of the CP Monitor and Performance

Toolkit for VM ............123

Configuring Performance Toolkit for VM . . . 124

Using monitoring to analyze performance and

capacity ..............133

Steps for using CP commands to improve

performance..............135

Chapter 12. Servicing z/VM .....137

z/VM service concepts ..........137

Appendix. Example of using FTP to

install Linux from the hardware

management console ........139

Linking the HMC removable media to your z/VM

logical partition ............139

FTPing to the HMC removable media .....140

Notices ..............143

Trademarks ..............145

Glossary .............147

Bibliography............149

Where to Get z/VM Information .......149

z/VM Base Library ...........149

Overview..............149

Installation, Migration, and Service .....149

Planning and Administration .......149

Customization and Tuning ........149

Operation and Use ..........149

Application Programming ........149

Diagnosis..............150

z/VM Facilities and Features ........150

Data Facility Storage Management Subsystem

forVM..............150

Directory Maintenance Facility for z/VM . . . 150

Open Systems Adapter/Support Facility . . . 150

Performance Toolkit for VM .......151

RACF Security Server for z/VM ......151

Remote Spooling Communications Subsystem

Networking for z/VM .........151

Prerequisite Products ...........151

Device Support Facilities ........151

Environmental Record Editing and Printing

Program ..............151

Additional Publications ..........151

Index ...............153

iv z/VM: Getting Started with Linux on System z

About this document

This document describes how to configure and use z/VM®functions and facilities

for Linux®servers running on the IBM®System z®platform (hereafter referred to

as the mainframe). The document provides requirements and guidelines to

implement during z/VM installation, but primarily assumes you have installed

z/VM and are ready to deploy Linux in virtual machines.

Early sections acquaint you with z/VM and take you from the point after z/VM

installation to the point where you are ready to install your first Linux server. At

that point you must turn to the installation documentation provided by your Linux

distributor. Following the deployment of your first Linux server, you can replicate

or clone additional servers.

When you finish the early sections, you will have two or more Linux servers

running on z/VM with TCP/IP connections to the network. Subsequently, you can

turn to vendor-supplied documentation to install applications on Linux. Later

sections cover operations, administration, performance, and other day-to-day bare

essentials.

Intended audience

This document is designed to help anyone who does system programming,

administration, or operation, but has limited knowledge of z/VM and wants to get

started deploying Linux servers on z/VM. Before you begin, you must:

vUnderstand mainframe hardware concepts, such as logical partitions (LPARs)

and I/O

vKnow and have used the Linux operating system

vKnow and have used TCP/IP.

The environment for your z/VM system environment is assumed to include:

vA mainframe with an OSA-Express device

vz/VM version 6 release 1

vDirectory Maintenance Facility

vPerformance Toolkit for VM

vIf you do not have an external file server for the Linux code, you might need an

NFS or FTP server.

Conventions and terminology used in this document

This document is primarily a cookbook; that is, it provides instructions about how

to accomplish a task or goal. When required, background concepts are provided to

help you understand a key z/VM function or facility. Instructions and background

concepts are separated but linked together through cross-references, providing an

efficient path through the instructional material. At the beginning of each set of

instructions, you will see a Before you begin section, which explains what you

need to know or to do before you perform the task. Cross-references in the Before

you begin section take you to the necessary background concepts. Thus, if you

already know the necessary concepts, you do not need to read those background

topics and can simply follow the instructions.

Though the topics in this document are self-sufficient, you might want to explore a

function or facility in detail. Some topics end with a list of documents that you can

use to understand a function or facility in detail.

In general, new terms (in italics) are defined in the context they are introduced.

Sometimes the manual focuses on the virtual machine functions (the virtual

hardware) and other times the complete Linux server system (the virtual machine

and the Linux operating system as a whole). When focusing on the virtual machine

functions only, the term virtual machine or virtual machine for Linux is used. The

term Linux virtual server refers to the complete Linux system (virtual machine

hardware and the Linux operating system as a whole) running on z/VM.

Commands and statements that you must type are in bold while system responses

are in normal font.

Example: In the example, you would type “query processors”. The rest of the

example is the system response:

query processors

PROCESSOR 00 MASTER

PROCESSOR 01 ALTERNATIVE

Ready;

Variable information appears in bold italics, which means you must substitute

your own values for the variable.

Example: For the command, you would need to supply your own password for

the variable new_password.

dirm add linmstr like linux pw new_password

A vertical ellipsis

indicates system responses that have been removed for clarity.

Where to find more information

For z/VM terms used in this document, see z/VM: Glossary or use the z/VM HELP

Facility (for more information about glossary terms and the z/VM HELP Facility,

see “Glossary” on page 147).

For more information about related publications, see “Bibliography” on page 149.

Additional Publications

For white papers, IBM Redbooks®publications, and other useful information about

Linux on the mainframe, visit the z/VM resources for Linux on IBM System z Web

site at:

http://www.vm.ibm.com/linux/

Publications you might be interested in are:

vi z/VM: Getting Started with Linux on System z

vz/VM and Linux on IBM System z: The Virtualization Cookbook for SLES9, SG24-6695

vSecurity on z/VM, SG24-7471

Links to Other Online Documents

If you are viewing the Adobe®Portable Document Format (PDF) version of

this document, it might contain links to other documents. A link to another

document is based on the name of the requested PDF file. The name of the

PDF file for an IBM document is unique and identifies the edition. The links

provided in this document are for the editions (PDF names) that were current

when the PDF file for this document was generated. However, newer editions

of some documents (with different PDF names) might exist. A link from this

document to another document works only when both documents reside in

the same directory.

About this document vii

viii z/VM: Getting Started with Linux on System z

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