Neumann.Berlin M 49 Bedienungsanleitung

neumann.berlin

the microphone company

M 49 – The First Remote Controllable

An important step forward in microphone technology was

made with the model U 47. Its dual diaphragm capsule

M 7, active on both sides, made possible the first condens-

er microphone with switchable polar patterns. The ques-

tion arose, whether it could be possible to change the char-

acteristic during recording.

The relevant patent of Dr. Grosskopf reads: “Thus... the

influence of exaggerated re-

verberation can be dimin-

ished ... the recording dis-

tance ... can be increased

without getting a vague tim-

bre ... It is therefore an ur-

gent need for the recording

technique to easily exchange

microphones with different

polar patterns ...” The objec-

tive was to avoid an exchange

of microphones or capsules

and to remotely control the

microphone’s directional

pickup pattern. For this pur-

pose it is important that the

output of the microphone

remain fairly constant and independent of the selected pat-

tern. The only switchable pattern microphone existing at

that time, the Neumann U 47, exhibits an increase in the

output by 5 dB when switched from omni to cardioid. In

the cardioid position the rear half of the capsule in the U 47

was simply electrically disconnected. As a consequence, the

output of the rear capsule and the attenuation of the front

via the fixed parallel capacitance of the rear were avoided.

“Comfortable” pattern con-

trol for the new M 49 micro-

phone was achieved by keep-

ing both capsule halves con-

nected to the impedance

converter with regard to the

signal, however, insulated

from each other with regard

to the DC bias. The front di-

aphragm is polarized with a

constant voltage of 60 Vdc,

while the bias for the rear di-

aphragm is adjustable from

0 Vdc to 120 Vdc. This al-

lows the polar pattern to be-

come variable between omni through cardioid to figure-8

maintaining a practically constant sensitivity. The power

supplies for the model M 49 microphones included a po-

tentiometer with a pointer knob and a corresponding scale.

Available were portable and rack mounted versions of the

power supplies. Due to the many supply voltages the M 49

microphone was equipped with an 8-pole connector. As

tube, in the early versions, a directly heated triode MSC 2

made by Hiller was employed, which later was succeeded

by the Telefunken AC 701 (k). The mechanical construc-

tion provided means for the suppression of structure born

noise. The amplifier was mounted on a solid rubber disk,

mechanically isolating the amplifier from the housing. In

addition, the microphone capsule was mechanically decou-

pled by means of a swing-metal shock mount. This meth-

od was incorporated later in most of the succeeding Neu-

mann microphones.

The M 49 was introduced to the German Radio Broad-

casters in 1952. Because of its unprecedented versatility it

conquered the international recording studios rather quick-

ly. Due to the innovative feature “remote pattern control”

it found widespread application as the important main mi-

crophone above large orchestras. Other applications were

as a spot microphone for wind and string instruments, for

piano and as the favorite announcer’s microphone.

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