Novell CLIENT FOR LINUX 2.0 SP3 Bedienungsanleitung

Novell®

www.novell.com

novdocx (en) 13 May 2009

AUTHORIZED DOCUMENTATION

Novell Client 2.0 SP3 for Linux Administration Guide

Client

for Linux

2.0 SP3

November 2009

Administration Guide

novdocx (en) 13 May 2009

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4Novell Client 2.0 SP3 for Linux Administration Guide

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Contents 5

Contents

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About This Guide 7

1 Understanding the Novell Client for Linux 9

1.1 Understanding How the Novell Client for Linux Differs from the Novell Client for Windows 2000/

XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.1.1 Installation and Upgrades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.1.2 Logging In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.1.3 User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.1.4 Login Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.1.5 Mapping Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.2 Understanding the Novell Client for Linux Virtual File System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2 Configuring the Novell Client for Linux 13

2.1 Using the Novell Client Configuration Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

2.1.1 Configuring Login Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

2.1.2 Configuring Map Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

2.1.3 Configuring Protocol Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

2.1.4 Configuring Tray Application Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

2.1.5 Configuring File Browser Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

2.1.6 Configuring OpenSLP Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

2.2 Configuration Files for Preconfiguring the Novell Client. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

2.3 Server Side Configuration for Sending Messages from Client to Users and Groups. . . . . . . . 21

3 Managing Login 23

3.1 Setting Up Integrated Login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

3.1.1 Installing and Enabling CASA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3.1.2 Configuring Integrated Login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3.1.3 Enabling and Disabling Integrated Login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

3.2 Setting Up Login Scripts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

3.3 Setting Up Login Restrictions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

3.4 Using OpenSLP to Simplify Login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

3.4.1 Setting Up SLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

3.4.2 Troubleshooting SLP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

3.4.3 Configuring SLP and the SUSE Firewall to Work with the Novell Client for Linux. . . 29

4 Managing File Security 33

4.1 Checking File or Folder Rights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

4.2 Changing Trustee Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

4.3 Adding a Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

4.4 Removing a Trustee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

4.5 Combining Multiple Trustees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

5 Security Considerations 39

5.1 Security Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

5.2 Known Security Threats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

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5.3 Security Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

5.3.1 Identification and Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5.3.2 Authorization and Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5.3.3 Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5.3.4 Security Auditing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5.4 New and Modified Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5.4.1 Configuration Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

5.4.2 PAM Login Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

5.4.3 User Profile Startup Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

5.4.4 KDE and GNOME Desktop Startup Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

5.4.5 Installation Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

5.5 Other Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

6 Troubleshooting Tips 45

6.1 Novell Client tray sometimes displays an error message on logging in to a desktop on which LUM

is configured. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

A The Novell Client for Linux Command Line Utilities 47

A.1 Shell Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

A.2 GUI Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

A.3 Using the Novell Client for Linux Man Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

B Novell Client for Linux Man Pages 51

gnwlogin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

login.conf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

mapdrives.conf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

ncl_install . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

ncl_man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

ncl_tray. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

nwconnections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

nwcopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

nwflag. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

nwlogin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

nwlogout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

nwmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

nwpurge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

nwrights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

nwsalvage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

nwsend. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

StartupLogin.conf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

StartupMaps.conf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

C Documentation Updates 89

C.1 September, 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

C.2 August, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

About This Guide 7

novdocx (en) 13 May 2009

About This Guide

This guide describes how to configure the Novell®ClientTM for Linux software.

Chapter 1, “Understanding the Novell Client for Linux,” on page 9

Chapter 2, “Configuring the Novell Client for Linux,” on page 13

Chapter 3, “Managing Login,” on page 23

Chapter 4, “Managing File Security,” on page 33

Chapter 5, “Security Considerations,” on page 39

Chapter 6, “Troubleshooting Tips,” on page 45

Appendix A, “The Novell Client for Linux Command Line Utilities,” on page 47

Appendix B, “Novell Client for Linux Man Pages,” on page 51

Appendix C, “Documentation Updates,” on page 89

Audience

This guide is intended for network administrators.

Feedback

We want to hear your comments and suggestions about this manual and the other documentation

included with this product. Please use the User Comments feature at the bottom of each page of the

online documentation, or go to www.novell.com/documentation/feedback.html and enter your

comments there.

Documentation Updates

For the latest version of this documentation, see the Novell Client online documentation (http://

www.novell.com/documentation/linux_client/index.html).

Additional Documentation

For information on installing the Novell Client for Linux, see the Novell Client 2.0 SP3 for Linux

Installation Quick Start (http://www.novell.com/documentation/linux_client/ncl20sp3_installqs/

data/ncl20sp3_installqs.html).

For information on the Novell Client tray application, see the Novell Client 2.0 SP3 for Linux User

Guide.

For information on login scripts, see the Novell Login Scripts Guide.

Documentation Conventions

In Novell documentation, a greater-than symbol (>) is used to separate actions within a step and

items in a cross-reference path.

A trademark symbol (®, TM, etc.) denotes a Novell trademark. An asterisk (*) denotes a third-party

trademark.

8Novell Client 2.0 SP3 for Linux Administration Guide

novdocx (en) 13 May 2009

When a single pathname can be written with a backslash for some platforms or a forward slash for

other platforms, the pathname is presented with a backslash. Users of platforms that require a

forward slash, such as Linux or UNIX, should use forward slashes as required by your software.

Understanding the Novell Client for Linux

novdocx (en) 13 May 2009

Understanding the Novell Client

for Linux

The Novell®ClientTM for Linux software allows users of Linux workstations or Linux servers to

access and use all of the services available on servers running Novell eDirectoryTM. The Novell

Client brings the full power, ease of use, manageability, and security of eDirectory to Linux

workstations and Linux servers. The Novell Client for Linux fully supports NetWare®, OES, and

eDirectory services and utilities on a Linux workstation or a Linux server, including security, file,

and print services through Novell iPrint.

This section contains the following information:

Section 1.1, “Understanding How the Novell Client for Linux Differs from the Novell Client

for Windows 2000/XP,” on page 9

Section 1.2, “Understanding the Novell Client for Linux Virtual File System,” on page 11

1.1 Understanding How the Novell Client for

Linux Differs from the Novell Client for Windows

2000/XP

Using the Novell Client for Linux differs in a few ways from using the Novell Client for Windows.

For users and network administrators who are familiar with the Novell Client for Windows,

knowing these differences can help the transition to Linux run more smoothly.

Section 1.1.1, “Installation and Upgrades,” on page 9

Section 1.1.2, “Logging In,” on page 10

Section 1.1.3, “User Interface,” on page 10

Section 1.1.4, “Login Scripts,” on page 10

Section 1.1.5, “Mapping Volumes,” on page 10

1.1.1 Installation and Upgrades

The Novell Client for Linux can be installed and upgraded by using either YaST or an

installation script. For more information, see the Novell Client 2.0 SP3 for Linux Installation

Quick Start (http://www.novell.com/documentation/linux_client/ncl20sp3_installqs/data/

ncl20sp3_installqs.html).

There is no Automatic Client Upgrade available on Linux.

The Client Configuration Wizard lets you set up a configuration file that can be used to

preconfigure workstations during installation. For more information, see Section 2.2,

“Configuration Files for Preconfiguring the Novell Client,” on page 21.

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1.1.2 Logging In

When a user logs in to a local workstation and then opens a remote SSH session and logs in as

the same user, the network resources that user has rights to are available to the user.

The Novell Client for Linux can use the NMASTM login method to authenticate. However, the

NMAS login is not integrated in to the Novell Client for Linux login screen, so the default

The Novell Client for Linux uses OpenSLP, whereas the Novell Client for Windows uses

Novell’s implementation of SLP. The network administrator must set up OpenSLP before users

can look up trees, contexts, and servers using the Browse buttons in the Novell Client Login

window. If OpenSLP is not set up, the user must enter a username, tree, and context to connect

to the network. See Chapter 3, “Managing Login,” on page 23 for more information.

Because Linux uses OpenSLP, the implementation is different and the user’s experience is

different. For more information, see Section 3.4, “Using OpenSLP to Simplify Login,” on

page 27.

The Novell Client for Linux does not use the Dynamic Local User or Location Profiles that are

available in Windows.

1.1.3 User Interface

Both a graphical user interface and command line utilities are available to complete client actions

such as mapping drives, setting trustee rights, and copying files.

For information on using the graphical user interface, see the Novell Client 2.0 SP3 for Linux User

Guide. For information on using the command line utilities, see Appendix A, “The Novell Client for

Linux Command Line Utilities,” on page 47 and Appendix B, “Novell Client for Linux Man Pages,”

on page 51.

1.1.4 Login Scripts

Novell has ported the vast majority of login script functionality to the Linux platform. This means

that the login scripts you create in your network can be used for both Windows users and Linux

users with very little difference in functionality.

Some differences do exist, however. For example, mapped drives are implemented by creating

symbolic links and search drives are not available on Linux. Other small differences are created by

the inherent difference between Windows and Linux. All the differences and issues are listed in the

Novell Login Scripts Guide.

1.1.5 Mapping Volumes

On Windows, mapping volumes enables users to browse through the entire eDir tree. However, on

Linux, only the servers in the eDir tree and their respective volumes are listed under them.

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