Novell IDENTITY MANAGER 3.6.1 - UNDERSTANDING POLICIES... Bedienungsanleitung

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AUTHORIZED DOCUMENTATION

Understanding Policies for Identity Manager 3.6

Identity Manager

3.6.1

June 05, 2009

Understanding Policies

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4Understanding Policies for Identity Manager 3.6

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Contents 5

Contents

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About This Guide 7

1Overview 9

1.1 What Are Policies?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2 Upgrading Identity Manager Policies 11

2.1 Methods for Upgrading the Driver Configuration File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2.1.1 Installing a New Driver and Moving the Existing Policies from the Old Driver . . . . . . 11

2.1.2 Overlay the New Driver Configuration File Over an Existing Driver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2.2 Recommended Driver Configuration Upgrade Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

2.2.1 Upgrading the Driver Configuration in Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

2.2.2 Upgrading the Driver Configuration in iManager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3 Understanding Types of Policies 17

3.1 Identity Manager Architecture in Relation to Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.2 Using Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3.3 How Policies Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3.3.1 Detecting Changes and Sending Them to the Identity Vault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

3.3.2 Filtering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

3.3.3 Using Policies to Apply Changes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

3.4 Policy Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3.4.1 Event Transformation Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

3.4.2 Matching Policies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3.4.3 Creation Policy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

3.4.4 Placement Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

3.4.5 Command Transformation Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

3.4.6 Schema Mapping Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

3.4.7 Output Transformation Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3.4.8 Input Transformation Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

3.5 Defining Policies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

3.5.1 Policy Builder and DirXML Script. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

4 Understanding Policy Components 41

4.1 DirXML Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

4.2 Naming Conventions for Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

4.2.1 Naming Convention for Driver Policy Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

4.2.2 Naming Convention for Policy Objects in Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

4.3 Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

4.4 Variable Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

4.5 Date/Time Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

4.6 Regular Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

4.7 XPath 1.0 Expressions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

4.8 Nested Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

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5 Downloading Identity Manager Policies 49

6 Defining Policies by Using XSLT Style Sheets 51

6.1 Managing XSLT Style Sheets in Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

6.1.1 Adding an XSLT Style Sheet in Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

6.1.2 Modifying an XSLT Style Sheet in Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

6.1.3 Deleting an XSLT Style Sheet in Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

6.2 Managing XSLT Style Sheets in iManager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

6.2.1 Adding an XSLT Policy in iManager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

6.2.2 Modifying an XSLT Style Sheet in iManager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

6.2.3 Deleting an XSLT Style Sheet in iManager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

6.3 Prepopulated Information in the XSLT Style Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

6.4 Using the Parameters that Identity Manager Passes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

6.5 Using Extension Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

6.6 Creating a Password: Example Creation Policy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

6.7 Creating an eDirectory User: Example Creation Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

About This Guide 7

novdocx (en) 13 May 2009

About This Guide

Novell®Identity Manager 3.6.1 is a data sharing and synchronization service that enables

applications, directories, and databases to share information. It links scattered information and

enables you to establish policies that govern automatic updates to designated systems when identity

changes occur.

Identity Manager provides the foundation for account provisioning, security, single sign-on, user

self-service, authentication, authorization, automated workflows, and Web services. It allows you to

integrate, manage, and control your distributed identity information so you can securely deliver the

right resources to the right people.

This guide provides detailed explanation of policies and their components.

Chapter 1, “Overview,” on page 9

Chapter 2, “Upgrading Identity Manager Policies,” on page 11

Chapter 3, “Understanding Types of Policies,” on page 17

Chapter 4, “Understanding Policy Components,” on page 41

Chapter 5, “Downloading Identity Manager Policies,” on page 49

Chapter 6, “Defining Policies by Using XSLT Style Sheets,” on page 51

To see information about administering the policies, see Policies in Designer 3.0 or Policies in

iManager for Identity Manager 3.6.1.

Audience

This guide is intended for Identity Manager administrators.

Feedback

We want to hear your comments and suggestions about this manual and the other documentation

included with this product. Please use the User Comments feature at the bottom of each page of the

online documentation, or go to www.novell.com/documentation/feedback.html and enter your

comments there.

Documentation Updates

For the most recent version of this document, see the Identity Manager Documentation Web site

(http://www.novell.com/documentation/idm35).

Additional Documentation

For documentation on using the Identity Manager drivers, see the Identity Manager Driver

Documentation Web site (http://www.novell.com/documentation/idm36drivers/index.html).

For documentation on using Designer 3.0, see the Designer 3.0 for Identity Manager 3.6.1

Documentation Web site (http://www.novell.com/documentation/designer30/).

For a detailed discussion of the document type definitions (DTD) that Identity Manager uses, see the

Identity Manager 3.6 DTD Reference.

8Understanding Policies for Identity Manager 3.6

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Documentation Conventions

In this documentation, a greater-than symbol (>) is used to separate actions within a step and items

within a cross-reference path.

A trademark symbol (®, TM, etc.) denotes a Novell trademark. An asterisk (*) denotes a third-party

trademark.

Overview

novdocx (en) 13 May 2009

Overview

Policies are what Identity Manager uses to synchronize data to the different systems. They are the

foundation of Identity Manager. Understanding policies and how they work is important to

successfully working with Identity Manager.

Section 1.1, “What Are Policies?,” on page 9

For administration information about policies, see

Policies in Designer 3.0

Policies in iManager for Identity Manager 3.6.1

Novell Credential Provisioning for Identity Manager 3.6

Identity Manager 3.6 DTD Reference

1.1 What Are Policies?

At a high level, a policy is the set of rules that enables you to manage the way Identity Manager

sends and receives updates. The driver sends changes from the connected system to the Identity

Vault, where policies are used to manipulate the data to achieve the desired results.

As part of understanding how policies work, it is important to understand the components of

policies.

Policies are made up of rules.

A rule is a set of conditions, see “Conditions” that must be met before a defined action, see

“Actions” occurs.

Actions can have dynamic arguments that derive from tokens that are expanded at run time.

Tokens are broken up into two classifications: nouns and verbs.

Noun tokens, see “Noun Tokens” expand to values that are derived from the current

operation, the source or destination data stores, or some external source.

Verb tokens, see “Ver b To k e n s ” modify the concatenated results of other tokens that are

subordinate to them.

Regular expressions (see Section 4.6, “Regular Expressions,” on page 45) and XPath 1.0

expressions (see Section 4.7, “XPath 1.0 Expressions,” on page 46) are commonly used in the

rules to create the desired results for the policies.

A policy operates on an XDS document and its primary purpose is to examine and modify that

document.

An operation is any element in the XDS document that is a child of the input element and the

output element. The elements are part of the Novell®

nds.dtd

; for more information, see

Identity Manager 3.6 DTD Reference in the Identity Manager DTD Reference.

An operation usually represents an event, a command, or a status.

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The policy is applied separately to each operation. As the policy is applied to each operation in

turn, that operation becomes the current operation. Each rule is applied sequentially to the

current operation. All of the rules are applied to the current operation unless an action is

executed by a prior rule that causes subsequent rules to no longer be applied.

A policy can also get additional context from outside of the document and cause side effects

that are not reflected in the result document.

For detailed information, see the following sections in this guide:

Chapter 2, “Upgrading Identity Manager Policies,” on page 11

Chapter 3, “Understanding Types of Policies,” on page 17

Chapter 4, “Understanding Policy Components,” on page 41

Chapter 5, “Downloading Identity Manager Policies,” on page 49

Chapter 6, “Defining Policies by Using XSLT Style Sheets,” on page 51

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