Philips UM10155 Bedienungsanleitung

UM10155

Discrete Class D High Power Audio Ampliﬁer

Rev. 02 — 5 September 2006 User manual

Document information

Info Content

Keywords Class D Audio Ampliﬁer, Universal Class D, UcD, PWM Audio Ampliﬁer,

High Power Audio.

Abstract This user manual describes the operating instructions and the most

important background information of the Philips Semiconductor Discrete

Class D High Power Audio Ampliﬁer Demonstrator Board. With proper

heatsinking of the Power MOSFETs and a well dimensioned power supply,

the PWM ampliﬁer is capable of supplying 200 W of high quality audio

power into a 4 Ωloudspeaker.

User manual Rev. 02 — 5 September 2006 2 of 12

Contact information

For additional information, please visit: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com

For sales ofﬁce addresses, please send an email to: sales.addresses@www.semiconductors.philips.com

Philips Semiconductors UM10155

Discrete Class D High Power Audio Ampliﬁer

Revision history

Rev Date Description

02 20060905 corrected Figure 9.

01 20060801 initial version

User manual Rev. 02 — 5 September 2006 3 of 12

Philips Semiconductors UM10155

Discrete Class D High Power Audio Ampliﬁer

1. Introduction

The Universal Class D (UcD) version 1.00 demonstrator board implements a 200 W true

RMS (into a 4 Ωload) high quality audio power ampliﬁer on a very compact printed-circuit

board. The ampliﬁer is built-up of discrete components only, and makes use of Philips

patent WO 03/090343.

The demonstrator board is intended to illustrate the capability of Philips Power MOSFETs

in discrete high-end PWM audio ampliﬁer applications. The board is self-contained and

only requires a simple (non-stabilized) dual power supply, an audio source (e.g. function

generator, CD player) and a loudspeaker to demonstrate its capabilities. For evaluation at

high output power a provision is made to attach an appropriate heatsink to the MOSFETs

on the board.

Fig 1. General view

001aaf148

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User manual Rev. 02 — 5 September 2006 4 of 12

Philips Semiconductors UM10155

Discrete Class D High Power Audio Ampliﬁer

2. Circuit diagram

Fig 2. Circuit diagram

001aaf149

47 Ω

100 nF

4.7 nF

C12

100 nF C11

22 µF

C15

680 nF

C16

100 nF C17

1000 µF

C13

100 nF C14

22 µFC18

100 nF C19

1000 µF

100 nF

100 µF

100 nF

100 pF

220 pF

560 Ω

47 kΩ

10 Ω

R29

10 Ω

R28

220 Ω

47 kΩ

R11

1 kΩ

R13

2.2 kΩR12

22 kΩ

R14

5.6 MΩ

R15

3.9 MΩ

330 Ω

1 kΩ

R18

390 Ω

R24

10 Ω

R26

0.05 Ω

R25

0.05 Ω

R16

4.7 kΩ

1 kΩ

R10

220 Ω

1PS76SB10

BF820

BC847

BF820

BF821

BF721

Q12

PBSS5140T

Q10

BC857

BF821

Q14

D11

BAS316

BAS321

1PS76SB10

PDZ12B

BAS321

R20

27 Ω

PHP18NQ11T

BC857

BC847

47 Ω

J10

J11

100 nF

100 µF

C10

100 pF

R21

1 kΩ

R17

390 Ω

R23

10 Ω

Q11

PBSS5140T

BC857

Q15 BF720

Q13

D12

BAS316

D10

1PS76SB10

PDZ12B

R19

27 Ω

28 µH

R27

8.2 kΩ

PHP18NQ11T

User manual Rev. 02 — 5 September 2006 5 of 12

Philips Semiconductors UM10155

Discrete Class D High Power Audio Ampliﬁer

3. Printed-circuit board layout

Table 1. Connections

Connector Function Remarks

J1 audio in - signal use together with J2

J2 audio in - ground use together with J1

J3 ampliﬁer enable when connected to ground (J4)

the ampliﬁer is enabled

J4 ground use together with J3

J5 positive supply voltage 30 V to 45 V (no need for a

stabilized power supply)

J6 positive current sense can optionally be used in an

overcurrent protection scheme

J7 power supply ground 0 V

J8 negative current sense can optionally be used in an

overcurrent protection scheme

J9 negative supply voltage −30 V to −45 V (no need for a

stabilized power supply)

J10 loudspeaker output use together with J11

J11 loudspeaker ground use together with J10

Fig 3. Top copper layout Fig 4. Bottom copper layout

001aaf150 001aaf151

User manual Rev. 02 — 5 September 2006 6 of 12

Philips Semiconductors UM10155

Discrete Class D High Power Audio Ampliﬁer

4. Speciﬁcations

4.1 Pop-less/click-less start-up and shutdown

A provision has been added to the circuit to provide pop-less/click-less start-up and

shutdown. To make use of the start-up facility, make sure that the supply power (pins J5

and J9) is applied prior to enabling the ampliﬁer (connecting J3 to J4). To beneﬁt from the

pop-less shutdown feature, disable the ampliﬁer (disconnect J3 and J4) prior to removing

the supply power.

4.2 Overcurrent protection

A provision has been added to the circuit to monitor the current ﬂowing through the Power

MOSFETs (Q13 and Q14). The voltage appearing between pins J5 and J6 is proportional

to the current in MOSFET Q14 (ratio: 50 mV/A) and the voltage between J8 and J9 is

proportional to the current in MOSFET Q13 (ratio: 50 mV/A). With the use of an external

Fig 5. Component layout Fig 6. Top silk-screen

001aaf152 001aaf153

J10

J11

class D amp.

version 1.00

international

patent

WO 03/090343

PHILIPS

Q14

Q13

C14

C11 C17

C15

C19

Table 2. Speciﬁcations

Symbol Parameter Conditions Value

VPsupply voltage equal positive and negative

supply voltages ±30 V to ±45 V

PLoutput power VP=±45 V; RL=4Ω;

appropriate heatsink needed 200 W (RMS)

ηefﬁciency PL= 100 W; RL=4Ω>92%

THD+N total harmonic

distortion-plus-noise PL= 10 W; frequency range

from 20 Hz to 20 kHz < 0.03 %

S/N signal-to-noise ratio > 120 dB

fPWM PWM frequency idle ~ 400 kHz

Voffset offset voltage DC value < 50 mV

User manual Rev. 02 — 5 September 2006 7 of 12

Philips Semiconductors UM10155

Discrete Class D High Power Audio Ampliﬁer

circuit these two signals may be used to disable the ampliﬁer (disconnect J3 and J4) in

case of an overcurrent situation. Similarly the J3-J4 pin combination can be used to

disable the ampliﬁer in case of other fault conditions.

4.3 Important notice

The ‘High Power Class D Audio Ampliﬁer Demonstrator Board’ is meant to demonstrate

the capabilities of the speciﬁc Class D Ampliﬁer design and its semiconductor

components. No provisions for short-circuit and overcurrent protection were made on the

demonstrator board itself. Neither was an operating temperature compensation feature

implemented on the board. The circuit on the board is reduced to its essentials.

In this implementation the ‘High Power Class D Audio Ampliﬁer Demonstrator Board’ is

not intended to be used for long term operation or under extreme temperature conditions

when delivering substantial output power.

5. Wiring diagram and powering-up

Audio input: J1 is signal; J2 is ground

Initially, leave J6 and J8 unconnected; J7 and J11 are at the same (ground) potential

Fig 7. Wiring diagram

4 Ωto 8 Ω

10 mF 30 V to 45 V

001aaf154

J10

J11

signal

ground C5

class D amp.

version 1.00

international

patent

WO 03/090343

PHILIPS

Q14

Q13

C14

C11 C17

C15

C19

User manual Rev. 02 — 5 September 2006 8 of 12

Philips Semiconductors UM10155

Discrete Class D High Power Audio Ampliﬁer

6. Adding external features

6.1 Electronic enabling/disabling of the ampliﬁer

Electronic enabling/disabling can be used for:

•Implementing pop-less and click-less start-up and shut-down

•Shutting down the ampliﬁer in case of a failure condition

(short-circuit/overcurrent/over-temperature)

The transistor in the enabling/disabling circuit must be low current, 60 V type (such as

BC846) and the resistor must limit the base current of the transistor to approximately

1 mA (in case of logic level driving, that would mean R = 4.7 kΩ).

Enable signal:

(HIGH = enable)

(LOW = disable)

Fig 8. Enabling/disabling of the ampliﬁer

001aaf155

J10

J11

enable

signal

class D amp.

version 1.00

international

patent

WO 03/090343

PHILIPS

Q14

Q13

C14

C11 C17

C15

C19

User manual Rev. 02 — 5 September 2006 9 of 12

Philips Semiconductors UM10155

Discrete Class D High Power Audio Ampliﬁer

6.2 Short-circuit and overcurrent protection

The ‘Short-circuit and overcurrent protection’ circuit must be used together with the

‘Electronic enabling/disabling’ circuit.

The output pins of IC1 and IC2 produce a HIGH logic level pulse when overcurrent is

detected in either the low side MOSFET (Q13 on the Demonstrator Board) and high side

MOSFET (Q14 on the Demonstrator Board) respectively. The two signals are combined

through the IC3 OR-gate. The resulting signal must be processed in the ‘µP or other logic’

block. One of the simplest solutions would be a latch circuit, which on a high pulse forces

the output go low. This causes the ‘Electronic enabling/disabling circuit’ to disable the

ampliﬁer. Through manual intervention and/or after a certain while, the latch should be

reset to a HIGH logic level, which in turn re-enables the ampliﬁer.

Fig 9. Short-circuit and overcurrent protection

001aaf156

J10

J11

J2 C5

class D amp.

version 1.00

international

patent

WO 03/090343

PHILIPS

Q14

Q13

C14

C11 C17

C15

R4 R3

D1 D3

R12

R11

R10

IC1

IC3

IC2

R2 C1

C19

µP OR

OTHER

LOGIC

to enabling/

disabling circuit

Table 3. Components

Component Value

R1, R4 270 Ω

R2, R3 4.7 kΩ

R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12 10 kΩ

C1, C2 4.7 nF

D1, D5 Philips PDZ10B

D2, D3, D4, D6 Philips PDZ5.1B

Q1 Philips BC846

Q2 Philips BC856

IC1, IC2 Fast operational ampliﬁer; feed with +12 V and

−12 V supplies

IC3 Philips HEF4071; feed with 5 V

User manual Rev. 02 — 5 September 2006 10 of 12

Philips Semiconductors UM10155

Discrete Class D High Power Audio Ampliﬁer

6.3 Sonic performance versus Efﬁciency trade-off

The dead-time that is allowed between Q13 and Q14 conduction determines the

efﬁciency of the Demonstrator Board for a great deal; a long dead-time leads to better

efﬁciency. On the other side, long dead-time also leads to worse sonic performance; it has

important adverse consequences for e.g. THD.

Short dead-time causes quiescent current to go up, thus reducing efﬁciency and

improving sonic performance. The higher quiescent current is the result of more

cross-conduction of Q13 and Q14. So, most of the power that is lost in this way is

dissipated in Q13 and Q14, which may heat-up excessively. This may cause thermally

instable behavior of the MOSFETs. For that reason, the Demonstrator Board is shipped in

low quiescent current mode – during initial evaluation the risk of damaging the MOSFETs

through thermal runaway is thus reduced.

Nevertheless, by modifying one resistor value, the dead-time can be shortened and

evaluation in enhanced sonic performance mode can take place. Changing R9 to a lower

value decreases dead-time. It is left the responsibility of the experimenter to prevent

thermal runaway, but assistance from Philips will be available through the local sales

representatives.

To reduce the risk of thermal runaway in the enhanced sonic performance mode, a

thermal feedback loop can be implemented: the operating temperature of the MOSFETs

can be fed-back to the dead-time control by changing the ﬁxed R9 value, mounting a PTC

resistor on the heatsink of the MOSFETs and connecting the PTC in parallel with R9.

Again, any changes are left the responsibility of the experimenter, but assistance from

Philips will be available through the local sales representatives.

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