Quantum DAT 160 Service-Handbuch

Document 6464215-01 Rev. B, January 2006 1

Installing a DLT, SDLT, VS,

LTO, or DAT Tape Drive Into a

Linux Operating System

Purpose 5

Scope 5

Conventions Used in This Guide 5

Reference Documents 6

Setting Up Communication with the Tape Drives 7

Before Installing the Tape Drive..............................................................................7

Installing the Tape Drive..........................................................................................8

Verifying the st Module is Loaded .........................................................................8

Verifying Communication with the Tape Drives 9

Displaying the Kernel Initialization Information .................................................9

Reviewing the Kernel Initialization Information..................................................9

Identifying the Tape Devices .................................................................................10

What To Do if Device Information is Missing.....................................................10

Obtaining Device Information Using /proc/scsi/scsi 10

What is the /proc File System?..............................................................................10

Viewing /proc Files.................................................................................................10

Installing a DLT, SDLT, VS, LTO, or DAT Tape Drive Into a Linux Operating System

Document 6464215-01 Rev. B

January 2006

Contents 2

Accessing Devices Using /dev/st* Device Nodes 11

Generating a List of Device Files ...........................................................................11

Reviewing the List of Device Files ........................................................................11

What To Do if a Device Node is Missing .............................................................12

Interpreting the Device Node File Listing............................................................13

Identifying Device Nodes.......................................................................................14

Identifying Device Modes ......................................................................................15

Creating Device Nodes ...........................................................................................15

Creating Auto-Rewind Device Nodes..................................................................16

Creating No-Rewind Device Nodes......................................................................16

mt-st Linux RPM Package 17

Verifying mt-st is Installed .....................................................................................17

Installing mt-st .........................................................................................................17

mt Tape Device Tool 17

stinit and stinit.def 18

Tape Device and Parameter Definitions...............................................................18

Identifying Tape Devices and Parameters ...........................................................19

Common Tape Device Keywords .........................................................................19

Common Parameter Keywords .............................................................................19

mtx Tape Library Tool 20

Verifying mtx is Installed .......................................................................................20

Installing mtx............................................................................................................21

Appendix A – Tape Drive and Cartridge Compatibility 22

Tape Drive and Cartridge Compatibility – DLT.................................................22

Tape Drive and Cartridge Compatibility – SDLT...............................................23

Tape Drive and Cartridge Compatibility – VS....................................................23

Tape Drive and Cartridge Compatibility – LTO.................................................24

Tape Drive and Cartridge Compatibility – DDS/DAT......................................24

Installing a DLT, SDLT, VS, LTO, or DAT Tape Drive Into a Linux Operating System

Document 6464215-01 Rev. B

January 2006

Contents 3

Appendix B – Linux Reference Documentation 25

Appendix C – Sample stinit.def Definitions File 26

Recommendations ...................................................................................................26

Sample File................................................................................................................26

Appendix D – Troubleshooting 31

Installing a DLT, SDLT, VS, LTO, or DAT Tape Drive Into a Linux Operating System

Document 6464215-01 Rev. B

January 2006

Contents 4

Made in the USA.

Quantum Corporation provides this publication “as is” without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not

limited to the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Quantum Corporation may revise this publication

from time to time without notice.

Your right to copy this document is limited by copyright law. Making copies or adaptations without prior written authorization of

Quantum Corporation is prohibited by law and constitutes a punishable violation of the law.

TRADEMARK STATEMENT

Quantum, DLT, DLTtape, the Quantum logo, and the DLTtape logo are all registered trademarks of Quantum Corporation. SDLT and

Super DLTtape are trademarks of Quantum Corporation.

Other trademarks may be mentioned herein which belong to other companies.

Installing a DLT, SDLT, VS, LTO, or DAT Tape Drive Into a Linux Operating System

6464215-01, Rev B

January 2006

Purpose 5

Purpose 0

This document provides instructions for integrating a Quantum® DLTtape®

drive, a Super DLTtape™ drive, a DLT VS tape drive, an LTO tape drive, or a

DAT tape drive into Red Hat® Linux, Novell® SuSE® Linux, or other Linux

operating system.

Scope 0

This document is intended for users who have a general understanding of

Linux operating systems.

The instructions and examples provided in this document refer specifically to

Red Hat and Novell SuSE Linux systems. The instructions may differ slightly

if you are running a Linux system other than Red Hat or Novell SuSE. If these

instructions are not adequate, refer to the Linux user guide for your system.

This document pertains to the following products:

•Tape drives: DLT 2000, DLT 2000XT, DLT 4000, DLT 7000, DLT 8000,

SDLT 220, SDLT 320, SDLT 600, DLT1, VS80, VS160, DLT-V4, LTO-1,

LTO-2, LTO-3, and DAT 72.

•Mini-libraries: DLT 2500, DLT 2500XT, DLT 2700, DLT 2700XT,

DLT 4500, and DLT 4700.

Conventions Used in This Guide 0

This document uses the following conventions when providing examples of

st commands and codes:

Note: The Super DLT1 tape drive is currently known as the SDLT 220

tape drive.

Item Example Meaning

“n” in parentheses

in the st file name

(n)st0* The example applies either to auto-

rewind or to no-rewind devices.

“n” absent from the

st file name

st0* The device is auto-rewind.

“n” present in the st

file name

nst0* The device is no-rewind.

Installing a DLT, SDLT, VS, LTO, or DAT Tape Drive Into a Linux Operating System

6464215-01, Rev B

January 2006

Reference Documents 6

Reference Documents 0

As you install and work with your Linux system, you should have the manual

for your tape drive available to refer to. Following is a list of all the product

manuals for Quantum tape drives.

“0” in an st file

name

st0 Represents the device number.

In actual practice, this numeric

character may be any number from

0 to 31 depending on the node. See

Identifying Device Nodes on

page 14 for more information.

* (asterisk) mt-st* The asterisk is a placeholder

representing the rest of the file

name.

Product Manual Title

Document

Number

DLT 2000/DLT 2500/DLT 2700 Cartridge Tape Subsystem

Product Manual

81-109132-03

DLT 2000XT/DLT 2500XT/DLT 2700XT Product Manual 81-109253-03

DLT 4000 Product Manual 81-60043-04

DLT 7000 Product Manual 81-60000-06

DLT 8000 Product Manual 81-60118-04

SDLT 220 and SDLT 320 Product Manual 81-85002-01

SDLT 600 Product Manual 81-81184-01

DLT1 Tape Drive Installation and Operations Guide 000826-01

VS80 Tape Drive Installation and Operations Guide 001596-01

VS160 Tape Drive Installation and Operations Guide 81-81191-01

DLT-V4 Product Manual 81-81422-02

LTO-1/LTO-2 Tape Drive User’s Guide 50001007

LTO-3 Tape Drive User’s Guide 50002764

DDS-4/DAT 72 User’s Guide 50000711

Item Example Meaning

Installing a DLT, SDLT, VS, LTO, or DAT Tape Drive Into a Linux Operating System

6464215-01, Rev B

January 2006

Setting Up Communication with the Tape Drives 7

If you do not have the correct product manual, you can view and download it

from the Quantum Web site at:

http://www.quantum.com/ServiceandSupport/

SoftwareandDocumentationDownloads/Index.aspx

Setting Up Communication with the Tape Drives 0

This section describes how to install the tape drive and how to configure the

Red Hat Linux and Novell SuSE Linux operating systems to recognize and

communicate with the tape drive. The Red Hat or Novell SuSE operating

system includes a driver to communicate efficiently with SCSI devices, such

as a DLT or SDLT tape drive.

Before Installing the

Tape Drive 0

Before you install the tape drive, follow these steps:

1If you have a DLT 2000, DLT 2500, or DLT 2700 product, make sure it

uses version V10 (or higher) controller firmware. If it does not, go to

http://www.quantum.com/am/service_support/downloads/

default.htm to download V10.

(The suggested method to determine what version of firmware you are

running is to view the SCSI HBA Bios at boot-up.)

2Make sure that you have the appropriate SCSI interface and cable for

your tape drive:

3Obtain the appropriate manual for your tape drive. The product manual

provides detailed hardware installation instructions, including switch

and jumper settings and information about SCSI bus termination. See

Reference Documents on page 6.

Note: The DLT 2000XT, DLT 2500XT, DLT 2700XT, DLT 4000,

DLT 7000, DLT 8000, SDLT 220, SDLT 320, SDLT 600, DLT1,

VS80, VS160, DLT-V4, LTO-1, LTO-2, LTO-3, and DAT 72 tape

drives do not have a firmware revision restriction.

If you have this type of tape

drive SCSI connection...

You need this type of SCSI

interface...

Single-ended (SE) SE or LVD

Low-voltage differential (LVD) LVD

High-voltage differential (HVD) HVD

Installing a DLT, SDLT, VS, LTO, or DAT Tape Drive Into a Linux Operating System

6464215-01, Rev B

January 2006

Setting Up Communication with the Tape Drives 8

Installing the Tape

Drive 0

To install the tape drive, follow these steps:

1Shut down your workstation or server and remove AC power from the

system.

2Follow the instructions in your tape drive’s product manual to install the

tape drive and set the SCSI ID.

Verifying the st Module

is Loaded 0

st is the tape device driver for Linux. Typically, st is loaded into the kernel as

a module to support SCSI tape devices. You must verify that st is loaded to

assure that the kernel supports SCSI tape devices.

To verify the st module is loaded, follow these steps:

1Execute the following command as superuser:

# modinfo st

If st is loaded, the output will look similar to one of the following:

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0 (RHEL3):

filename: /lib/modules/2.4.21-4.ELsmp/kernel/drivers/scsi/st.odescription:

"SCSI Tape Driver"

author: "Kai Makisara"

license: "GPL"

parm: buffer_kbs int, description "Default driver buffer size (KB; 32)"

parm: max_buffers int, description "Maximum number of buffer allocated

at initialisation (4)"

parm: max_sg_segs int, description "Maximum number of scatter/gather

segments to use (32)"

parm: blocking_open int, description "Block in open if not ready an no

O_NONBLOCK (0)"

• Novell SuSE Linux 9 (SuSE9):

parm: try_wdio:Try direct write i/o when possible

parm: try_rdio:Try direct read i/o when possible

parm: try_direct_io:Try direct I/O between user buffer and tape drive (1)

parm: max_sg_segs:Maximum number of scatter/gather segments to

use (256)

parm: buffer_kbs:Default driver buffer size for fixed block mode (KB; 32)

license: GPL

description: SCSI Tape Driver

author: Kai Makisara

depends: scsi_mod

supported: yes

vermagic: 2.6.5-7.79-smp SMP 586 REGPARM gcc-3.3

If the st module is not loaded, modinfo will report that the module name is

not found. You need to load the st module by using the #insmod

command. Consult your Linux manuals for instructions.

2Reboot the server. This allows the st driver to attach tape device nodes

(/dev/st#).

Installing a DLT, SDLT, VS, LTO, or DAT Tape Drive Into a Linux Operating System

6464215-01, Rev B

January 2006

Verifying Communication with the Tape Drives 9

Verifying Communication with the Tape Drives 0

You must ensure the st driver sees the all the tape devices. If you have added

a tape device, you must verify that the st driver sees the new device.

You do this by displaying and reviewing the kernel initialization information

which contains st driver initialization and attachment of SCSI tape devices.

Displaying the Kernel

Initialization

Information 0

You can display the kernel initialization information by using any of the

following three methods:

Reviewing the Kernel

Initialization

Information 0

All three of the methods show you the same information. The information

looks similar to one of the following:

• RHEL3 output looks similar to the following:

Attached scsi tape st0 at scsi2, channel 0, id 4, lun 0

st0: Block limits 4 - 16777212 bytes.

st: Version 20030406, bufsize 32768, max init. bufs 4, s/g segs 16

• SuSE9 output looks similar to the following:

Attached scsi tape st0 at scsi0, channel 0, id 3, lun 0

st0: try direct i/o: yes (alignment

512

), max page reachable by

HBA

1048575

st: Version 20040318, fixed bufsize 32768, s/g segs 256

Method Instructions

View st information

during boot-up.

At boot-up, Linux displays kernel initialization

information, including the st driver initialization

and attachment of the SCSI tape devices. The

information scrolls by quickly; if you miss it, try

one of the other two methods.

Read the Kernel

Message Buffer Log.

The kernel message buffer log contains the most

recent kernel logs. Look in /var/log/dmesg.

Remember: The kernel message buffer is limited in

size; therefore, when the buffer becomes full, old

logs are discarded.

Execute the dmesg

command to view

the Kernel Message

Buffer Log.

Executing the dmesg command is another way to

open the kernel message buffer log. Execute the

following command:

# dmesg | less

See “Read the Kernel Message Buffer Log” above

for more information about the log.

Installing a DLT, SDLT, VS, LTO, or DAT Tape Drive Into a Linux Operating System

6464215-01, Rev B

January 2006

Obtaining Device Information Using /proc/scsi/scsi 10

Identifying the Tape

Devices 0

You can identify the tape device by looking at the values listed for “channel”

(PCI Bus), “id” (SCSI ID), and “lun” (lun is always “0” for standalone

configurations).

If you have more than one tape device, you should see similar lines of output

for each device.

What To Do if Device

Information is Missing 0

If you do not see the information for every attached tape device, then the st

driver is not communicating with the missing device(s). Try the following

solutions:

• Verify that the connector cable length does not exceed the specifications

listed in your product manual.

• Make sure the SCSI bus is terminated properly (see your product manual

for instructions).

• Ensure there are enough st tape device nodes for all your attached tape

devices. If not, you will need to create more. See Creating Device Nodes

on page 15 and Creating No-Rewind Device Nodes on page 16.

Obtaining Device Information Using /proc/scsi/scsi 0

To obtain information about a specific tape drive, view the /proc/scsi/scsi file.

What is the /proc File

System? 0

The /proc file system is a map to the running kernel process. It displays a list of

connected SCSI devices. It is not a disk-based file system and is dynamic to

reflect the current boot-up information.

Viewing /proc Files 0The recommended method to view /proc files is to use the cat command piped

( | ) with command more or less. Execute the following command:

# cat /proc/scsi/scsi | less

The output will look something like the following:

Attached devices:

Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 03 Lun: 00

Vendor: QUANTUM Model: SDLT320 Rev: 5252

Type: Sequential-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02

Host: scsi1 Channel: 00 Id: 03 Lun: 00

Caution: Do NOT execute the cat command on the /proc/kcore file. This

unique file contains a running image of the kernel’s memory at

that particular moment. Executing the cat command on this

file will render your terminal unusable.

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