Cisco NCS 5500 Series Bedienungsanleitung

Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 5500 Series Routers, IOS

XR Release 6.3.x

First Published: 2017-09-01

Last Modified: 2018-03-01

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CONTENTS

Preface xi

PREFACE

Changes to This Document xi

Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request xi

New and Changed Routing Features 1

CHAPTER 1

New and Changed Routing Features 1

Implementing IS-IS 3

CHAPTER 2

Enable IS-IS and Configure Level 1 or Level 2 Routing 3

Single-Topology IPv6 5

Configure Single Topology for IS-IS 5

Set SPF Interval for a Single-Topology Configuration 10

Customize Routes for IS-IS 12

Set Priority for Adding Prefixes to RIB 15

IS-IS Interfaces 16

Tag IS-IS Interface Routes 16

Limit LSP Flooding 19

Control LSP Flooding for IS-IS 19

IS-IS Authentication 23

Configure Authentication for IS-IS 23

Configure Keychains for IS-IS 25

Nonstop Forwarding 26

Configure Nonstop Forwarding for IS-IS 27

ISIS NSR 29

Configuring ISIS-NSR 29

Multiprotocol Label Switching Traffic Engineering 31

Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 5500 Series Routers, IOS XR Release 6.3.x

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Configure MPLS Traffic Engineering for IS-IS 31

MPLS TE Forwarding Adjacency 33

Tune Adjacencies for IS-IS 33

MPLS Label Distribution Protocol IGP Synchronization 36

Configuring MPLS LDP IS-IS Synchronization 36

IS-IS Overload Bit Avoidance 37

Configure IS-IS Overload Bit Avoidance 38

Configuring Global Weighted SRLG Protection 39

References for IS-IS 41

IS-IS Functional Overview 41

Default Routes 41

Overload Bit on Router 42

Overload Bit Configuration During Multitopology Operation 42

Attached Bit on an IS-IS Instance 42

IS-IS Support for Route Tags 42

Flood Blocking on Specific Interfaces 43

Maximum LSP Lifetime and Refresh Interval 43

Mesh Group Configuration 43

Multi-Instance IS-IS 43

Label Distribution Protocol IGP Auto-configuration 43

MPLS LDP-IGP Synchronization Compatibility with LDP Graceful Restart 44

MPLS LDP-IGP Synchronization Compatibility with IGP Nonstop Forwarding 44

Implementing OSPF 45

CHAPTER 3

Prerequisites for Implementing OSPF 46

Enable OSPF 46

Verify OSPF Configuration and Operation 48

Stub Area 51

Not-so-Stubby Area 51

Configure Stub and Not-So-Stubby Area Types 51

Neighbors and Adjacency for OSPF 54

Configure Neighbors for Nonbroadcast Networks 54

Authentication Strategies 58

Configure Authentication at Different Hierarchical Levels for OSPF Version 2 58

Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 5500 Series Routers, IOS XR Release 6.3.x

Contents

Control Frequency That Same LSA Is Originated or Accepted for OSPF 61

Virtual Link and Transit Area for OSPF 63

Create Virtual Link 64

Summarize Subnetwork LSAs on OSPF ABR 68

Route Redistribution for OSPF 71

Redistribute Routes into OSPF 71

Nonstop Forwarding for OSPF Version 2 73

Configure Nonstop Forwarding Specific to Cisco for OSPF Version 2 74

OSPF Shortest Path First Throttling 76

Configure OSPF Shortest Path First Throttling 77

Graceful Restart for OSPFv3 79

Configure OSPFv3 Graceful Restart 79

Display Information About Graceful Restart 81

Warm Standby and Nonstop Routing for OSPF Version 2 81

Enable Nonstop Routing for OSPFv2 82

Warm Standby and Nonstop Routing for OSPF Version 3 82

Enable Nonstop Routing for OSPFv3 83

OSPFv2OSPF SPF Prefix Prioritization 83

Configure OSPFv2 OSPF SPF Prefix Prioritization 85

Configure OSPF as a Provider Edge to Customer Edge (PE-CE) Protocol 88

Create Multiple OSPF Instances (OSPF Process and a VRF) 90

Label Distribution Protocol IGP Auto-configuration for OSPF 92

Configure Label Distribution Protocol IGP Auto-configuration for OSPF 92

Configure LDP IGP Synchronization: OSPF 93

OSPF Authentication Message Digest Management 95

Configure Authentication Message Digest Management for OSPF 95

GTSM TTL Security Mechanism for OSPF 98

Configure Generalized TTL Security Mechanism (GTSM) for OSPF 99

References for OSPF 101

OSPF Functional Overview 101

Comparison of Cisco IOS XR Software OSPFv3 and OSPFv2 102

OSPF Hierarchical CLI and CLI Inheritance 103

OSPF Routing Components 103

Autonomous Systems 104

Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 5500 Series Routers, IOS XR Release 6.3.x

Contents

Areas 104

Routers 105

OSPF Process and Router ID 105

Supported OSPF Network Types 106

Route Authentication Methods for OSPF 106

Plain Text Authentication 106

MD5 Authentication 106

Key Rollover 107

OSPF FIB Download Notification 107

Designated Router (DR) for OSPF 107

Default Route for OSPF 107

Link-State Advertisement Types for OSPF Version 2 107

Link-State Advertisement Types for OSPFv3 108

Passive Interface 109

Modes of Graceful Restart Operation 110

Restart Mode 110

Helper Mode 110

Protocol Shutdown Mode 111

Load Balancing in OSPF Version 2 and OSPFv3 112

Path Computation Element for OSPFv2 112

Management Information Base (MIB) for OSPFv3 112

VRF-lite Support for OSPFv2 113

OSPFv3 Timers Update 113

Implementing and Monitoring RIB 115

CHAPTER 4

Verify RIB Configuration Using Routing Table 115

Verify Networking and Routing Problems 116

Disable RIB Next-hop Dampening 118

Enable RCC and LCC On-demand Scan 119

Enable RCC and LCC Background Scan 120

References for RIB 122

RIB Data Structures in BGP and Other Protocols 122

RIB Administrative Distance 122

RIB Statistics 123

Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 5500 Series Routers, IOS XR Release 6.3.x

Contents

RIB Quarantining 124

Route and Label Consistency Checker 124

Implementing Routing Policy 127

CHAPTER 5

Restrictions for Implementing Routing Policy 127

Define Route Policy 128

Attach Routing Policy to BGP Neighbor 129

Modify Routing Policy Using Text Editor 130

References for Routing Policy 133

Routing Policy Language 134

Routing Policy Language Overview 134

Routing Policy Language Structure 134

Routing Policy Language Components 141

Routing Policy Language Usage 142

Policy Definitions 144

Parameterization 145

Parameterization at Attach Points 146

Global Parameterization 146

Semantics of Policy Application 147

Boolean Operator Precedence 147

Multiple Modifications of Same Attribute 147

When Attributes Are Modified 148

Default Drop Disposition 149

Control Flow 149

Policy Verification 150

Policy Statements 152

Remark 152

Disposition 152

Action 154

If 154

Boolean Conditions 155

apply 157

Attach Points 157

BGP Policy Attach Points 157

Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 5500 Series Routers, IOS XR Release 6.3.x

vii

Contents

OSPF Policy Attach Points 177

OSPFv3 Policy Attach Points 180

IS-IS Policy Attach Points 182

Nondestructive Editing of Routing Policy 183

Attached Policy Modification 183

Nonattached Policy Modification 183

Editing Routing Policy Configuration Elements 184

Hierarchical Policy Conditions 186

Apply Condition Policies 186

Nested Wildcard Apply Policy 189

VRF Import Policy Enhancement 189

Match Aggregated Route 190

Remove Private AS in Inbound Policy 190

Implementing Static Routes 191

CHAPTER 6

Restrictions for Implementing Static Routes 191

Configure Static Route 192

Floating Static Routes 193

Configure Floating Static Route 193

Configure Static Routes Between PE-CE Routers 195

IPv4 Multicast Static Routes 196

Configure Multicast Static Routes 197

Default VRF 198

Associate VRF with a Static Route 198

Configure Native UCMP for Static Routing 199

References for Static Routes 200

Static Route Functional Overview 201

Default Administrative Distance 201

Directly Connected Routes 201

Floating Static Routes 202

Fully Specified Static Routes 202

Recursive Static Routes 202

Implementing BFD 205

CHAPTER 7

Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 5500 Series Routers, IOS XR Release 6.3.x

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Contents

BFD Overview 205

Enabling BFD on a Static Route 206

Enabling BFD for OSPF on an Interface 207

Enable BFD for IS-IS on an Interface 208

Enabling BFD on a BGP Neighbor 209

Configure BFD Under a Dynamic Routing Protocol or Use a Static Route 210

Enable BFD for OSPF on an Interface 210

Enable BFD for OSPF3 on an Interface 211

Enable BFD over BGP 212

Enable BFD on an IPv4 Static Route 213

Clear and Display BFD Counters 213

BFD over Bundle 213

Enabling BFD Sessions on Bundle Members 214

Specifying the BFD Destination Address on a Bundle 214

Configuring the Minimum Thresholds for Maintaining an Active Bundle 215

Configuring BFD Packet Transmission Intervals and Failure Detection Times on a Bundle 216

BFD Transparency 217

Ethernet VPN Virtual Private Wire Service 218

Configuration 218

Running Configuration 219

Verification 220

Bidirectional Forwarding Detection over Logical Bundle 222

Configuration 222

Running Configuration 224

Verification 225

IPv4 Multihop BFD 227

Configure IPv4 Multihop BFD 227

Verification 228

Implementing UCMP 229

CHAPTER 8

ECMP vs. UCMP Load Balancing 230

UCMP Minimum Integer Ratio 230

Configuring IS-IS With Weight 231

Configuring IS-IS With Metric 232

Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 5500 Series Routers, IOS XR Release 6.3.x

Contents

Configuring BGP With Weights 233

Configuring TE Tunnel With Weights 234

Policy-Based Tunnel Selection 235

Implementing Fast Reroute Loop-Free Alternate 249

CHAPTER 9

Prerequisites for Fast Reroute with Loop-Free Alternate 249

Restrictions for Fast Reroute with Loop-Free Alternate 249

IS-IS and FRR 250

Repair Paths 250

LFA Overview 250

LFA Calculation 251

Interaction Between RIB and Routing Protocols 251

Fast Reroute with Remote Loop-Free Alternate 252

Configuration 253

Running Configuration 254

Verification 255

Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 5500 Series Routers, IOS XR Release 6.3.x

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