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application note

application noteapplication note

application note

pc resource

pc resourcepc resource

pc resource

monitoring and

monitoring and monitoring and

monitoring and

performance

performance performance

performance

advisor

advisoradvisor

advisor

www.hp.com/go/desktops

1

Overview

HP Toptools is a modular web-based device

management tool that provides dynamic

information about HP hardware on your LAN.

Among the many features of HP Toptools

(version .5 onward) is the resource monitoring

facility, accessible using the Toptools

Management Console. This feature permits you

to monitor the hardware resources of remote

PCs on the network.

Why Monitor Resources?

Resource monitoring can help you to:

•Detect and prevent system resource

shortages and bottlenecks

•Identify potential areas for reallocating

resources

•Determine system upgrade needs and plan for

them

•Determine how to maintain or improve

system performance

•Troubleshoot problems on remote PCs.

How Resource Monitoring Works

For each hardware resource on a remote PC,

you can:

•Enable or disable monitoring of the individual

resource

•Enable or disable event alerts.

Using the Toptools Device Manager, you can

perform these actions on a single remote PC or

on a selection of remote PCs. Also, when you

install the Toptools for Desktops DMI Agent, you

can select the option to enable the resource

monitoring functions.

Note that the Resource Monitoring module is

always installed automatically together with the

Toptools for Desktops Agent, but is not

necessarily enabled: When installing the DMI

agent, you must select the option to enable

Resource Monitoring; when installing the WMI

Agent, Resource Monitoring is enabled by

default without providing a user-option.

Once you have chosen the resources, Toptools

monitors these resources continuously. If a

resource exceeds a threshold, an alert is

generated on the Toptools Management

Console.

You can also view the monitoring of a remote

PC’s resources in real time from the Toptools

Management Console.

Architecture

To set up network PC resource monitoring from

Toptools, you require:

•Either Toptools Device Manager or the

Toptools Value Pack installed on the Device

Manager PC

•Supported HP PCs on your network must

each have a copy of Toptools Agent installed

and Resource Monitoring enabled

•All managed PCs other than supported HP

models must each have installed a

Performance Management Agent.

Managed PCs

HP Toptools Device Manager

or

HP Toptools Value Pack

Toptools Agent

installed

on supported HP PCs

Performance

Management Agent

installed

on other PCs

Device Manager

2

To enable management of non-HP devices on

your LAN using Toptools Device Manager, the

non-HP PCs must run one or more of the

management protocols SNMP, DMI 2.x, WMI or

HTTP. The corresponding Agents must be

obtained from the respective manufacturer.

For more effective management of non-HP

devices, the HP Toptools Value Pack adds

features for all devices including a System

Performance Advisor, and SNMP trap reception

for non-HP systems with loaded MIBs.

For further details, plus version information and

availability of these software elements, see the

‘More Information’ section at the end of this

Application Note.

Event Alerts

Event alerts are generated when certain pre-

defined thresholds are exceeded, eliminating

the need for constant visual monitoring.

Two levels of alert can be generated:

•Warning – this means that the situation has

not yet reached critical level but the first

threshold has been exceeded, so a warning is

issued.

•Critical – this is the most serious alarm and it

indicates that the level has become critical.

You can change these thresholds directly on the

resource monitoring screen in the Toptools Device

Manager.

Sampling Intervals

When monitoring resources, Toptools takes

measurements in two different ways. The first, the

simpler of the two, is a single measurement at an

instant in time. For example, the amount of free

disk space at a particular time.

The second type of measurement is taken over a

fixed period of time, and reflects the average value

during that time. For example, CPU usage and

LAN bandwidth. This type of measurement is

useful when a resource, during normal use, is

subject to dramatic peaks and troughs over a short

period of time. In this case, an average value is a

better reflection of resource utilization, and it

avoids the false alerts that would be produced

when resource utilization suddenly peaks for a

short period.

To get the average value, Toptools takes regular

measurements in very short time intervals, for

example, every 5 to 30 seconds.

This shows the monitoring of hard

disk drives on a single remote

Vectra PC.

The PC has two logical hard disk

drives, C and D. or each, disk

usage (over a time period) and the

current amount of free disk space

is shown.

You can disable or enable both

monitoring and event alerts on

each disk drive.

To change threshold values, simply

drag the red or yellow arrow up or

down, as desired.

Resource Monitoring

Example 1

3

These sample values are used to provide an

average value over a much longer window of

time, for example, over a period of an hour. It is

this average value which is used to trigger alerts.

Which Resources can be Monitore ?

CPU Usage

The remote PC’s processor usage can be

monitored. The value shows the percentage of

time that the processor is busy (not idle). This

measurement is taken over a fixed period of

time, and reflects the processor’s average usage

during that time.

Time

Value

Sample Values

Average

Value

If the remote PC has two processors, each is

monitored separately.

This measurement can be useful for detecting

processor malfunctions, identifying processor

undercapacity, or processor overcapacity for

reallocating resources.

There are cases where the processor usage value

is artificially high. For example, some screen

savers use 100% of processor time when

running, even though the PC is not being used.

Another example is when the PC has been

started but the user has not yet logged on. In

some Windows operating systems, the login

window that is displayed uses 100% of processor

time until the user logs in.

Memory Usage

There are three useful measurements provided:

swap activity, swap file usage, and physical

memory.

Two of these measurements concern the

Windows swap file. The swap file is a large file

that the operating system uses to switch

memory chunks between physical memory and

the hard disk. In this way, virtual memory is

created, extending the PC’s available memory

significantly. The PC can run much larger

applications and process larger data chunks than

it could without a swap file.

This shows memory usage on a

single remote Vectra PC

It shows physical memory usage,

swap file usage, and swap

activity.

You can disable or enable

monitoring and event alerts for

these measures (except on

physical memory usage).

To change thresholds for the

swap activity, simply enter new

values in the space provided and

click Save Settings.

Resource Monitoring

Example 2

4

Swap Activity

This measurement shows the average number

of pages per second that are read from or

written to the Windows swap file. This

measurement is taken over a fixed period of

time, and reflects the average rate during that

time.

The swap activity measurement is particularly

useful. A high value means that the remote PC

does not have enough physical memory and it

compensates by continually swapping data

between system memory and the swap file. This

slows down the PC considerably.

You can monitor the swap activity to easily

identify remote PCs that require memory

upgrades.

How high can this value go before it indicates a

memory shortage? This depends on the PC. A

high speed system can support a higher swap

rate (without slowing down the PC) than a slow

PC. With experience, you will learn which

values can be regarded as too high for different

types of PCs.

Swap ile Usage

This shows the amount of swap file space

currently being used.

The total amount of space that the swap file can

potentially use is also shown. The total amount

of space available depends on the operating

system settings used, and, in some cases,

available disk space.

If there is not enough free space for the swap

file, memory allocation can fail, disrupting

applications and even causing their operations

to fail.

You can monitor this measurement to identify

remote PCs that require a different swap file

setting in the operating system, or more disk

space (by installing a second hard disk, for

example).

Physical Memory

This shows the amount of memory, in bytes,

currently used on the remote PC. The total

amount of memory is also shown.

This measurement is not used to detect

memory shortages, since Windows memory

management uses swap files. Therefore, if all

physical memory is being used, it does not

mean that there is a memory bottleneck.

Rather, it is provided for information only.

Consequently, no alerts are generated for this

item.

Performance

Advisor

Example1

This window shows

the current settings

for performance

monitoring. You can

select which remote

systems to monitor.

The information on

each remote system

includes System

Identity, Type,

Status (alerts), CPU

Use, Memory Use,

Disk Input/Output,

Storage (capacity)

and Condition

(performance data

collection).

5

Disk Usage

Two measurements are provided: disk activity

and disk space.

Disk Activity

This shows the percentage of time that the PC’s

hard disk drives are busy. A hard disk is busy if it

is performing an input or output operation. This

measurement is taken over a fixed period of

time, and reflects each disk drive’s average

activity during that time.

This measurement is only used in Toptools

Value Pack and is only available for PCs running

Windows NT or Windows 2000.

Disk overactivity could indicate, for example,

memory shortages through swap file activity

(described earlier) lack of free disk space, or an

inadequate mass storage system. For example,

this PC could benefit from replacing the IDE

system with a faster SCSI system.

Disk Space

The current free disk space and total disk space

is shown for each logical disk (that is, for each

hard disk partition on the PC).

This is useful for viewing the PC’s current hard

disk configuration and usage. For example, if

there is not enough free disk space on one of the

logical disks, the PC may benefit from a different

disk partition setup or even a disk drive upgrade.

Network Usage

Three measurements are provided: LAN I/O

packets, LAN I/O error rate, and LAN bandwidth

utilization. These measurements are provided for

each LAN card installed in the PC.

These measurements are all taken over a fixed

period of time, and reflect the average value

during that time.

LAN I/O Packets

This measurement shows the number of network

packets received and sent by the LAN card.

It can be useful for determining that the PC’s

network connection is working correctly, as well

as for showing network traffic patterns.

This measurement is only used in Toptools Value

Pack and is only available for PCs running

Windows NT or Windows 2000.

Performance Advisor

Example 2

This shows a remote PC’s

memory usage over the last

hour.

You can also view the memory

usage over the last day, the last

week, and the last month.

Similar trend analysis

information is available for CPU,

disk input/output, and disk

capacity.

6

LAN I/O Error Rate

This measurement shows the percentage of

network packets sent and received that

contained errors.

This is useful for spotting network errors and

for isolating problem areas. For example, a very

high error rate between a specific PC and a hub

could point to a faulty network cable between

these two devices.

This measurement is available for PCs running

either Windows NT or Windows 200 which have

the Microsoft SNMP Service installed. However,

in some cases, for Windows PCs without

Microsoft SNMP, the Toptools Device Manager

may be able to calculate an approximate value

using the LAN card’s DMI instrumentation.

LAN Bandwidth Utilization

This measurement shows the percentage of the

LAN card’s transfer capacity that is actually

being used.

This information can help to optimize a network

configuration, or can indicate network

undercapacity. If network bandwidth utilization

is nearing saturation, this is a useful warning

that network facilities must be upgraded or

reconfigured to provided more capacity in the

areas where it is needed.

The calculation of LAN bandwidth use is

available for PCs running either Windows NT or

Windows 2000 and with the Microsoft SNMP

Service installed. In some cases, for Windows

PCs without Microsoft SNMP, the Toptools

Device Manager may be able to calculate an

approximate value using the LAN card’s DMI

instrumentation.

Typical Uses of Resource Monitoring

•You can set alerts to permanently monitor

the hard disk drive space on all systems. In

this way, you can ensure that there is

sufficient disk space on all devices for future

growth. A critical alert on a single PC may

prompt you to tell the user that they must

remove all unneeded files from their system.

Alerts are also useful for receiving early

warning of undercapacity, enabling you to

plan for major disk upgrades.

•Before the installation of a new software

application, you can install it in several trial

PCs and monitor the PCs’ page swapping

rates to determine if more physical memory

is needed to successfully run that

application.

•If a PC user complains about a slow PC or

disruptive system errors, you can monitor

resources (such as memory and network

usage) on that remote PC to help track down

and resolve the problem.

Overhea Use by Resource

Monitoring

Since resource monitoring is done by the

remote PCs themselves, no network bandwidth

is used for this task. Furthermore, less than 1%

of the processor time is used on the remote

PCs.

Alert thresholds are also stored and managed

by each remote PC. If alerts are generated, a

small amount of network bandwidth is used to

send the alert to the Device Manager.

If you are using the Device Manager to display a

remote PC’s resource monitoring, requests are

sent between these two devices on the network

to keep the display up to date. However, even

this task requires very little network bandwidth.

There are two cases in which no monitoring is

done by the remote PCs, and therefore zero

system capacity is used. Firstly, if resource

monitoring is disabled, and secondly, if the

remote PC goes into standby or sleep mode.

Toptools allows the PC to go into standby or

sleep mode, rather than waking it up to

continue monitoring its resources. If the remote

PC goes into standby or sleep mode, it implies

that the PC is not currently being used and

there is no need to monitor resources.

7

System Performance A visor

The Toptools Value Pack includes a system

performance module. This module is a powerful

tool for centrally monitoring and managing

system performance of groups of PCs, servers,

and the network.

It enables system administrators, help desk

personnel, and VAR service providers to

proactively identify, diagnose, and alleviate

system performance bottlenecks on PC and PC

server systems. The System Performance

Advisor continuously monitors key performance

parameters against configurable thresholds,

providing configuration advice and upgrade

recommendations based on trend analysis in

the sampled data.

The System Performance Adviser contributes

to:

•Increased network and system uptime

Increased network and system uptimeIncreased network and system uptime

Increased network and system uptime, by

providing proactive bottleneck detection

with continuous, at-a-glance, performance

status of all monitored systems from

anywhere on the network.

•Optimized configuration, upgrade, and

Optimized configuration, upgrade, and Optimized configuration, upgrade, and

Optimized configuration, upgrade, and

replacement decisions

replacement decisionsreplacement decisions

replacement decisions.

The System Performance Advisor includes

one-click access to system performance

histories, facilitating trend analysis and

highlighting areas of sustained performance

degradation that require action.

•Improved system capacity planning

Improved system capacity planningImproved system capacity planning

Improved system capacity planning, with

recording of critical performance statistics

for all monitored PC and server resources,

allowing a thorough understanding of actual

system performance baselines.

There is no need to manually deploy

performance agents on every monitored

system. Toptools System Performance Advisor

lets you select the systems to monitor and then

automatically deploys the necessary client

code. (Remote systems running the Toptools

Agent already have the necessary code.) You

can even configure which subsystems (CPU,

Memory, Disk I/O) to monitor on each system.

Toptools System Performance Advisor collects

performance data and builds a centralized

database for trend analysis. From the main

screen, the status of all monitored systems can

be viewed as red, yellow, or green based on

configurable thresholds. An at-a-glance

summary is displayed with dynamically updated

pie charts organized by user-configurable

custom groups of devices. Access to

performance trend data on any of the

monitored systems is a simple mouse click

away.

Information on the Toptools Value Pack can be

viewed when you install the standard Toptools

Device Manager.

For More Information

For product information, ordering details, and

FAQs on Toptools Value Pack and other

Toptools software, connect to:

www.hp.com/toptools