LEGO Farnsworth House Bedienungsanleitung

Farnsworth House™

Plano, Illinois, USA

Booklet available on:

Livret disponible sur:

Folleto disponible en: Architecture.LEGO.com

21009_.indd 1 02/03/2011 12:23 PM

LudwigMiesvanderRohe

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, born Maria Ludwig Michael

Mies (March 27, 1886 – August 17, 1969) was an architect and

designer. Mies has long been considered one of the most

important architects of the 20th century. In Europe, before World War

II, Mies emerged as one of the most innovative leaders of the Modern

Movement, producing visionary projects and executing a number of

small but critically signiﬁcant buildings. After emigrating to the United States

in 1938, he transformed the architectonic expression of the steel frame in

American architecture and left a nearly unmatched legacy of teaching

and building.

Born in Aachen, Germany, Mies began his architectural career

as an apprentice at the studio of Peter Behrens from 1908 to

1912. There he was exposed to progressive German culture, working

alongside Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier. Determined

to establish a new architectural style that could represent modern

times just as Classical and Gothic had done for their own eras, Mies

began to develop projects that, though most remained unbuilt, rocketed

him to fame as a progressive architect.

His dramatic modernist debut was his stunning competition proposal

for the all-glass Friedricstrasse skyscraper in 1921. He continued with a

whole series of pioneering projects, including the temporary German

Pavilion for the Barcelona exposition (often called the Barcelona Pavilion)

in 1929. In the 1930s he joined the avant-garde Bauhaus design school as

director, but faced with growing Nazi political pressure decided

to emigrate to America in 1938.

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

21009_.indd 2 16/12/2010 7:03 PM

In the U.S., he became head of the department of architecture at the newly-

established Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago, introducing a new

kind of education that would become known as the Second School

of Chicago, with works such as Farnsworth House™, the Seagram

Building and the Museum of Fine Arts in Houston, Mies continued to

reﬁne his vision of a monumental “skin and bones” architecture. He sought

to create free and open spaces, enclosed within a structural order with

minimal presence.

German Pavilion in Barcelona

21009_.indd 3 16/12/2010 7:03 PM

FarnsworthHouse™

21009_.indd 4 16/12/2010 7:03 PM

One of Mies’ most famous aphorisms was “less is more”. For many, the

architecture of Farnsworth House represents the ultimate reﬁnement

of his minimalist beliefs.

It was designed and constructed between 1945 and 1951 as a one-

room weekend retreat, located in a once-rural setting, 55 miles (89 km)

southwest of Chicago on a 60-acre (240,000 m2) estate adjoining the

Fox River, in the city of Plano, Illinois. The steel and glass house was

commissioned by Dr. Edith Farnsworth, a prominent Chicago

medical specialist, as a place where she could engage in her hobbies:

playing the violin, translating poetry, and enjoying nature. Farnsworth was

highly intelligent, articulate, and intent on building a very special work

of modern architecture. Her instructions for Mies were to design the

house as if it were for himself.

Mies created a 1,585-square-foot (140 m2) house that is now widely

recognized as an iconic masterpiece of the International Style of architecture.

The home was designated a National Historic Landmark in 2006 after

being added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. It is

currently owned and run as a house museum by the National Trust for

Historic Preservation.

Like many Modernists, Mies worshiped the technology-driven modern

era he lived in, but also believed that reconnecting the individual with

nature was one of the greatest challenges faced by an urbanized

society..

With this in mind, Mies conceived Farnsworth House™as an indoor-

outdoor architectural shelter simultaneously independent of and

intertwined with the nature around it. The simple elongated cubic form

of the house runs parallel to the ﬂow of the river and is anchored to

the site in the cooling shadow of a large and majestic black maple

tree. To underline the strong connection with nature, the house was

deliberately built on the ﬂood plain near the river’s edge instead of

on the ﬂood-free upland portions of the site.

21009_.indd 5 16/12/2010 7:03 PM

21009_.indd 6 16/12/2010 7:03 PM

The essential characteristics of the house are immediately apparent.

The extensive use of clear ﬂoor-to-ceiling glass opens the interior to its

natural surroundings to an extreme degree. Two distinctly expressed

horizontal slabs, which form the roof and the ﬂoor, sandwich an open

space for living. The slab edges are deﬁned by exposed steel structural

members painted pure white. The house is elevated ﬁve feet three inches

(1.60 m) above the ﬂood plain by eight steel columns, which are attached

to the sides of the ﬂoor and ceiling slabs. The end of the slabs extend

beyond the column supports, creating cantilevers. The house seems

to ﬂoat weightlessly above the ground it occupies. A third ﬂoating

slab, an attached terrace, acts as a transition between the living area

and the ground. The house is accessed by two sets of wide steps

connecting the ground to the terrace and then to the porch. As was

often the case with Mies’ designs, the entrance is located on the sunny

side, facing the river instead of the access road.

21009_.indd 7 16/12/2010 7:03 PM

The interior appears to be one large room ﬁlled with freestanding

elements. The space is sub-divided but not partitioned, and ﬂows

around two wood blocks that Mies called “cores,” one a wardrobe

cabinet and the other a kitchen, toilet, and ﬁreplace block. The larger

ﬁreplace-kitchen core appears almost as a separate house nestling

within the larger glass house. The materials used are quietly

luxurious – travertine ﬂoors, primavera paneling and silk curtains – and

the detailing minimal and meticulous.

On its completion, Farnsworth House™received accolades in the

architectural press, which resulted in many uninvited visitors trespassing

on the property to glimpse the latest Mies work of art. Unfortunately

Mies and Edith Farnsworth had a falling out over the costs, which

had almost doubled the ﬁnal costs, and the bitter dispute was only

resolved after a long and very public court case.

Though she continued to use her weekend retreat for almost 20

years, Edith Farnsworth often felt intimidated by the openness of the

building. Other complaints included the costs of heating the house

and constantly rusting pillars.

For some critics, Farnsworth House™represents the disconnect between

Modernist architecture and the reality of its users’ lives. Nevertheless, the

timeless quality of this house is still regarded with reverent fascination by

new generations of architects and designers around the world.

21009_.indd 8 16/12/2010 7:03 PM

ANationalTrustHistoricSite

Whenever a historic building is demolished or allowed to deteriorate,

a part of the nation’s past is also in danger of disappearing forever.

The National Trust for Historic Preservation (NTHP) is dedicated to

protecting these irreplaceable places that tell America’s story.

Founded in 1949 and headquartered in Washington, DC, the NTHP

is a private, nonproﬁt organization with over 270,000 members.

The National Trust provides leadership, education, advocacy and

resources to people and organizations across the country working

to preserve the nation’s heritage.

The NTHP owns and manages Farnsworth House™as one of its

29 National Trust Historic Sites, and has been instrumental in

coordinating the careful restoration of the building after it was badly

damaged by ﬂooding in 2008.

Learn more about the NTHP’s eﬀorts to preserve historic buildings

at www.PreservationNation.org.

21009_.indd 9 16/12/2010 7:03 PM

FactsaboutFarnsworthHouse™

Location:....................... Plano, Kendall County, Illinois, USA

Architect:....................... Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

Building type:............. House. One-room weekend retreat

Materials:...................... Steel and glass

Style:................................ Modern

Date: ................................ From 1945 to 1951

Floor area:.................... 1,585-square feet (140 m2)

21009_.indd 10 16/12/2010 7:03 PM

Dieses Handbuch passt für folgende Modelle

Andere LEGO Spielzeug Handbücher

LEGO

LEGO Technic 8480 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO 70801 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO DUPLO 5604 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO 41123 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO Creator 10234 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO 60022 CiTY Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO Education 45816 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO First League Trophy Large Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO CREATOR 10244 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO 8240 TECHNIC Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO Hero factory 7147 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO 40158 PIRATES Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO 3936 Friends Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO CHIMA 70206 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO 60025 CiTY Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO City 60031 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO THE LEGO MOVIE Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO Pirates of the Caribbean 4195 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO 40131 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO 60025 CiTY Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO 30193 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO city 60047 Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO Architecture Marina Bay Sands Bedienungsanleitung

LEGO

LEGO 75908 Speed Champions Bedienungsanleitung

Beliebte Spielzeug Handbücher anderer Marken

marklin

marklin 37321 Bedienungsanleitung

Canon

Canon PAPER CRAFT Bedienungsanleitung

GREAT PLANES

GREAT PLANES Pitts M-12S Bedienungsanleitung

NOCH

NOCH 14261 Bedienungsanleitung

Hausler

Hausler 450 SE V2 Bedienungsanleitung

Dynaflite

Dynaflite Daydream Bedienungsanleitung

Kenner

Kenner Batman 63651 Bedienungsanleitung

Multiplex

Multiplex EasyStar II Bedienungsanleitung

iKarus

iKarus ECO 8 Bedienungsanleitung

Walkera

Walkera 38 Bedienungsanleitung

Hasbro

Hasbro TRANSFORMERS BUMBLEBEE Bedienungsanleitung

MD MXION SWD Bedienungsanleitung

Mattel

Mattel Disney Pixar Cars Cozy Cone Spiral Rampway Bedienungsanleitung

marklin

marklin 39671 Bedienungsanleitung

Mattel

Mattel HOTWHEELS DWL04 Bedienungsanleitung

REVELL

REVELL Bristol Beaufighter TF.X Bedienungsanleitung

Ravensburger

Ravensburger 3D Puzzle La Tour Eiffel Bedienungsanleitung

Trix

Trix 24432 Bedienungsanleitung