Motorola M68HC08 Bedienungsanleitung

MOTOROLA.COM/SEMICONDUCTORS

M68HC08

Microcontrollers

DRM046

Rev. 0, 09/2003

Low Power BLDC

Designer Reference

Reference Design

Manual

Drive for Fans using

the MC68HC908QY4

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DRM046 — Rev 0 Designer Reference Manual

MOTOROLA 3

Low Power BLDC Drive for

Fans using the

MC68HC908QY4 Reference

Design

Designer Reference Manual — Rev 0

by: Radim Visinka, MCSL, Roznov

BLDC Motor Theory by: Pavel Grasblum, MCSL, Roznov

Metrowerks and the Metrowerks logo are registered trademarks of

Metrowerks, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Motorola, Inc.

CodeWarrior is a registered trademark of Metrowerks, Inc., a wholly

owned subsidiary of Motorola, Inc.

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Designer Reference Manual DRM046 — Rev 0

4MOTOROLA

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DRM046 — Rev 0 Designer Reference Manual

MOTOROLA List of Sections 5

Designer Reference Manual — DRM046

List of Sections

Section 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Section 2. MC68HC908QY Family Advantages and

Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Section 3. BLDC Motor Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Section 4. 3-Phase BLDC Low Voltage Reference

Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Section 5. Hardware Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Section 6. Software Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Section 7. References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Section 8. Appendix A — Schematics and Parts List . . 63

Section 9. Appendix B — System Set-up . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

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List of Sections

Designer Reference Manual DRM046 — Rev 0

6 List of Sections MOTOROLA

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DRM046 — Rev 0 Designer Reference Manual

MOTOROLA Table of Contents 7

Designer Reference Manual — DRM046

Table of Contents

Section 1. Introduction

Section 2. MC68HC908QY Family Advantages and

Features

Section 3. BLDC Motor Theory

3.1 Digital Control of a BLDC Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

3.2 Independent Switching of Power Transistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

3.3 Complementary Switching of Power Transistors . . . . . . . . . . .20

3.4 Commutation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Section 4. 3-Phase BLDC Low Voltage Reference Design

4.1 Application Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

4.2 Application Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Section 5. Hardware Design

5.1 Pin-by-Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

5.2 Detailed Design Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Section 6. Software Design

6.1 Data Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

6.2 Software Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

6.3 Application Porting for the Customer Specific BLDC Motor . . .52

6.4 Software Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

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Table of Contents

Designer Reference Manual DRM046 — Rev 0

8 Table of Contents MOTOROLA

6.5 Microcontroller Memory and Peripheral Usage . . . . . . . . . . . .58

Section 7. References

Section 8. Appendix A — Schematics and Parts List

8.1 Schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

8.2 Parts Lists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

Section 9. Appendix B — System Set-up

9.1 Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71

9.2 Hardware Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71

9.3 Jumper Settings for Controller Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72

9.4 Required Software Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74

9.5 Building and Uploading the Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74

9.6 Executing the Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

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DRM046 — Rev 0 Designer Reference Manual

MOTOROLA List of Figures 9

Designer Reference Manual — DRM046

List of Figures

Figure Title Page

1-1 Low Power BLDC Drive for Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

3-1 BLDC Motor - Cross Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

3-2 Voltage Strokes Applied to the 3-ph BLDC Motor . . . . . . . . . .18

3-3 3-phase BLDC Power Stage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

3-4 Independent Switching of Power Transistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

3-5 Complementary Switching of Power Transistors . . . . . . . . . . .21

3-6 Stator Flux Vectors at Six-Step Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

3-7 Situation Right Before Commutation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

3-8 Situation Right After Commutation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

4-1 System Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

5-1 Three-Phase BLDC Drive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

5-2 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

5-3 Microcontroller with Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

5-4 Hall Sensor Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

5-5 User’s Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

5-6 3-Phase H Bridge (Phase A Shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

5-7 Current Sensing - Detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

6-1 Algorithm Data Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

6-2 Closed Loop Speed Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

6-3 Software Implementation - General Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

6-4 Stator Flux Vectors with Sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

8-1 Microcontroller with Hall Sensor Input and User’s Interface. . .64

8-2 Power Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

8-3 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

9-1 Setup of the Application with BLDC Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

9-2 Jumper Reference of BLDC Drive Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73

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List of Figures

Designer Reference Manual DRM046 — Rev 0

10 List of Figures MOTOROLA

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