NXP Semiconductors TDA8948J Betriebshandbuch

1. General description

The TDA8948J contains four identical audio power ampliﬁers. The TDA8948J can be used

as four Single-Ended (SE) channels with a ﬁxed gain of 26 dB, two times Bridge-Tied

Load (BTL) channels with a ﬁxed gain of 32 dB or two times SE channels (26 dB gain)

plus one BTL channel (32 dB gain) operating as a 2.1 system.

The TDA8948J comes in a 17-pin Dil-Bent-Sil (DBS) power package. The TDA8948J is

pin compatible with the TDA8944AJ, TDA8946AJ and TDA8947J.

The TDA8948J contains a unique protection circuit that is solely based on multiple

temperature measurements inside the chip. This gives maximum output power for all

supply voltages and load conditions with no unnecessary audio holes. Almost any supply

voltage and load impedance combination can be made as long as thermal boundary

conditions (number of channels used, external heat sink and ambient temperature) allow

it.

2. Features

2.1 Functional features

nSE: 1 W to 18 W, BTL: 4 W to 36 W operation possibility (2.1 system)

Soft clipping.

nStandby and mute mode.

nNo on/off switching plops.

nLow standby current.

nHigh supply voltage ripple rejection.

nOutputs short-circuit protected to ground, supply and across the load.

nThermally protected.

nPin compatible with TDA8944AJ, TDA8946AJ and TDA8947J.

3. Applications

nTelevision

nPC speakers

nBoom box

nMini and micro audio receivers

TDA8948J

4-channel audio ampliﬁer

Rev. 01 — 27 February 2008 Product data sheet

Product data sheet Rev. 01 — 27 February 2008 2 of 26

NXP Semiconductors TDA8948J

4-channel audio ampliﬁer

4. Quick reference data

[1] A minimum load is required at supply voltages of VCC > 22 V; RL= 3 Ωfor SE and RL= 6 Ωfor BTL.

[2] The ampliﬁer can deliver output power with non-clipping output signals into nominal loads as long as the

ratings of the IC are not exceeded.

[3] With a load connected at the outputs the quiescent current will increase.

Table 1. Quick reference data

SE: V

=17V;T

amb

=25

C; R

Ω

= 1 kHz; V

MODE1

MODE2

; measured in test

circuit Figure 11; unless otherwise speciﬁed.

BTL: V

=17V;T

amb

=25

C; R

Ω

; f = 1 kHz; V

MODE1

MODE2

; measured in test

circuit Figure 11; unless otherwise speciﬁed.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

VCC supply voltage operating [1] 91726V

no (clipping signal) [2] - - 28 V

Iqquiescent current VCC =17V;R

L=∞[3] - 100 145 mA

Istb standby current - - - 10 µA

Po(SE) SE output power VCC = 17 V;

see Figure 7:

THD = 10 %;

RL=4Ω6.5 8 - W

THD = 0.5 %;

RL=4Ω-6-W

VCC = 20 V:

THD = 10 %;

RL=4Ω-12-W

Po(BTL) BTL output power VCC = 17 V;

see Figure 7:

THD = 10 %;

RL=8Ω14 16 - W

THD = 0.5 %;

RL=8Ω-12-W

VCC = 20 V:

THD = 10 %;

RL=8Ω-24-W

THD total harmonic

distortion SE; Po= 1 W - 0.1 0.5 %

BTL; Po= 1 W - 0.05 0.5 %

Gvvoltage gain SE 25 26 27 dB

BTL 31 32 33 dB

SVRR supplyvoltageripple

rejection SE:

fripple = 1 kHz [4] -60-dB

fripple =

100 Hz to 20 kHz [4] -60-dB

BTL:

fripple = 1 kHz [4] -65-dB

fripple =

100 Hz to 20 kHz [4] -65-dB

Product data sheet Rev. 01 — 27 February 2008 3 of 26

NXP Semiconductors TDA8948J

4-channel audio ampliﬁer

[4] Supply voltage ripple rejection is measured at the output with a source impedance RSOURCE =0Ωat the

input and with a frequency range from 20 Hz to 22 kHz (unweighted). The ripple voltage is a sine wave with

a frequency fripple and an amplitude of 300 mV (RMS), which is applied to the positive supply rail.

5. Ordering information

6. Block diagram

Table 2. Ordering information

Type number Package

Name Description Version

TDA8948J DBS17P DBS17P: plastic DIL-bent-SIL power package; 17 leads

(lead length 12 mm) SOT243-1

Fig 1. Block diagram

60 kΩ

VCC1

VCC2

IN1+

IN2+

OUT1+

OUT2−

60 kΩ

IN3+

IN4+

OUT3−

OUT4+

TDA8948J

MUTE 3 + 4

ON 3 + 4

010aaa049

STANDBY ALL

MUTE ALL

ON 1 + 2

0.5VCC

VCC

CIV 13

MODE1

SGND

SVR 11

MODE2 5

215

GND1 GND2

SHORT-CIRCUIT

AND

TEMPERATURE

PROTECTION

VREF

−

Product data sheet Rev. 01 — 27 February 2008 4 of 26

NXP Semiconductors TDA8948J

4-channel audio ampliﬁer

7. Pinning information

7.1 Pinning

7.2 Pin description

Fig 2. Pin conﬁguration diagram

TDA8948J

010aaa046

OUT1+

GND1

VCC1

OUT2−

MODE2

IN2+

SGND

IN1+

IN3+

MODE1

SVR

IN4+

CIV

OUT4+

GND2

VCC2

OUT3−

Table 3. Pin description

Symbol Pin Description

OUT1+ 1 non inverted loudspeaker output of channel 1

GND1 2 ground of channels 1 and 2

VCC1 3 supply voltage channels 1 and 2

OUT2−4 inverted loudspeaker output of channel 2

MODE2 5 mode selection 2 input: Mute and On mode for channels 3 and 4

IN2+ 6 input channel 2

SGND 7 signal ground

IN1+ 8 input channel 1

IN3+ 9 input channel 3

MODE1 10 mode selection 1 input: Standby, Mute and On mode for all

channels

SVR 11 half supply voltage decoupling (ripple rejection)

IN4+ 12 input channel 4

CIV 13 common input voltage decoupling

OUT3−14 inverted loudspeaker output of channel 3

Product data sheet Rev. 01 — 27 February 2008 5 of 26

NXP Semiconductors TDA8948J

4-channel audio ampliﬁer

8. Functional description

8.1 Input conﬁguration

The input cut-off frequency is:

(1)

For SE application Ri= 60 kΩand Ci= 220 nF:

(2)

For BTL application Ri= 30 kΩand Ci= 470 nF:

(3)

As shown in Equation 2 and Equation 3, large capacitor values for the inputs are not

necessary, so the switch-on delay during charging of the input capacitors can be

minimized. This results in a good low frequency response and good switch-on behavior.

8.2 Power ampliﬁer

The power ampliﬁer is a BTL and/or SE ampliﬁer with an all-NPN output stage, capable of

delivering a peak output current of 4 A.

Using the TDA8948J as a BTL ampliﬁer offers the following advantages:

•Low peak value of the supply current

•Ripple frequency on the supply voltage is twice the signal frequency

•No expensive DC-blocking capacitor

•Good low frequency performance

GND2 15 ground of channels 3 and 4

VCC2 16 supply voltage channels 3 and 4

OUT4+ 17 non inverted loudspeaker output of channel 4

Table 3. Pin description

…continued

Symbol Pin Description

fi cut off–() 1

2πRiCi

×()

-----------------------------

fi cut off–() 1

2π60 103220 10 9–

×××()

-----------------------------------------------------------------12 Hz==

fi cut off–() 1

2π30 103470 10 9–

×××()

-----------------------------------------------------------------11 Hz==

Product data sheet Rev. 01 — 27 February 2008 6 of 26

NXP Semiconductors TDA8948J

4-channel audio ampliﬁer

8.2.1 Output power measurement

The output power as a function of the supply voltage is measured on the output pins at

THD = 10 %; see Figure 7.

The maximum output power is limited by the supply voltage (VCC = 26 V) and the

maximum output current (IO= 4 A repetitive peak current).

For supply voltages VCC > 22 V, a minimum load is required; see Figure 5:

•SE: RL=3Ω

•BTL: RL=6Ω

8.2.2 Headroom

Typical CD music requires at least 12 dB (factor 15.85) dynamic headroom, compared to

the average power output, for transferring the loudest parts without distortion.

The Average Listening Level (ALL) music power, without any distortion, yields:

•SE at Po(SE) =5W,V

CC =17V,R

L=4Ωand THD = 0.2 %:

(4)

•BTL at Po(BTL) =10W,V

CC =17V,R

L=8Ωand THD = 0.1 %:

(5)

The power dissipation can be derived from Figure 8 (SE and BTL) for a headroom of 0 dB

and 12 dB, respectively.

For heat sink calculation at the average listening level, a power dissipation of 9 W can be

used.

8.3 Mode selection

The TDA8948J has three functional modes which can be selected by applying the proper

DC voltage to pin MODE1.

Standby - The current consumption is very low and the outputs are ﬂoating. The device is

in standby mode when VMODE1 < 0.8 V, or when the MODE1 pin is grounded. In standby

mode, the function of pin MODE2 has been disabled.

Mute - The ampliﬁer is DC-biased, but not operational (no audio output). This allows the

input coupling capacitors to be charged to avoid pop-noise. The device is in mute mode

when 4.5V<V

MODE1 <(V

CC - 3.5 V).

Table 4. Power rating as function of headroom

Headroom Power output Power dissipation

(all channels driven)

SE BTL

0dB P

o=5W P

o=10W P=17W

12 dB Po(ALL) = 315 mW Po(ALL) = 630 mW P = 9 W

PoALL()SE 510

⋅

15.85

--------------- 315 mW==

PoALL()BTL 10 103

⋅

15.85

------------------ 630 mW==

Product data sheet Rev. 01 — 27 February 2008 7 of 26

NXP Semiconductors TDA8948J

4-channel audio ampliﬁer

On - The ampliﬁer is operating normally. The on mode is activated at

VMODE1 >(V

CC −2.0 V). The output of channels 3 and 4 can be set to mute or on mode.

The output channels 3 and 4 can be switched on/off by applying a proper DC voltage to

pin MODE2, under the condition that the output channels 1 and 2 are in the on mode (see

Figure 3).

8.4 Supply voltage ripple rejection

The Supply Voltage Ripple Rejection (SVRR) is measured with an electrolytic capacitor of

150 µF on pin SVR using a bandwidth of 20 Hz to 22 kHz. Figure 10 illustrates the SVRR

as function of the frequency. A larger capacitor value on pin SVR improves the ripple

rejection behavior at the lower frequencies.

Table 5. Mode selection

Voltage on pin Channel 1 and 2 Channel 3 and 4

(sub woofer)

MODE1 MODE2

0 V to 0.8 V 0 V to VCC Standby mode Standby mode

4.5 V to (VCC −3.5 V) 0 V to VCC Mute mode Mute mode

(VCC −2.0 V) to VCC 0 V to (VCC −3.5 V) On mode Mute mode

(VCC −2 V) to VCC On mode On mode

Fig 3. Mode selection

mdb016

channels 3 + 4: mute

channels 1 + 2: on

channels 3 + 4: on or mute

channels 3 + 4: on

VCC−3.5 VCC

VMODE2

VCC−2.0

all standby all mute

0.8 4.5 VCC−3.5 VCC

VMODE1

VCC−2.0

Product data sheet Rev. 01 — 27 February 2008 8 of 26

NXP Semiconductors TDA8948J

4-channel audio ampliﬁer

8.5 Built-in protection circuits

The TDA8948J contains two types of detection sensors: one measures local temperatures

of the power stages and one measures the global chip temperature. At a local

temperature of approximately 185 °C or a global temperature of approximately 150 °C,

this detection circuit switches off the power stages for 2 ms. High-impedance of the

outputs is the result. After this time period the power stages switch on automatically and

the detection will take place again; still a too high temperature switches off the power

stages immediately. This protects the TDA8948J against shorts to ground, to the supply

voltage and across the load, and against too high chip temperatures.

The protection will only be activated when necessary, so even during a short-circuit

condition, a certain amount of (pulsed) current will still be ﬂowing through the short, just as

much as the power stage can handle without exceeding the critical temperature level.

9. Limiting values

[1] The ampliﬁer can deliver output power with non-clipping output signals into nominal loads as long as the

ratings of the IC are not exceeded.

10. Thermal characteristics

Table 6. Limiting values

In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134).

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Max Unit

VCC supply voltage operating −0.3 +26 V

no (clipping) signal [1] −0.3 +28 V

VIinput voltage - −0.3 VCC + 0.3 V

IORM repetitive peak output

current --4A

Tstg storage temperature non-operating −55 +150 °C

Tamb ambient temperature - −40 +85 °C

Ptot total power dissipation - - 69 W

VCC(sc) supply voltage (short circuit) - - 24 V

Table 7. Thermal characteristics

Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Unit

Rth(j-a) thermal resistance from junction

to ambient in free air 40 K/W

Rth(j-c) thermal resistance from junction

to case all channels driven 2 K/W

Product data sheet Rev. 01 — 27 February 2008 9 of 26

NXP Semiconductors TDA8948J

4-channel audio ampliﬁer

11. Static characteristics

[1] A minimum load is required at supply voltages of VCC >22V:R

L=3Ωfor SE and RL=6Ωfor BTL.

[2] The ampliﬁer can deliver output power with non-clipping output signals into nominal loads as long as the ratings of the IC are not

exceeded.

[3] With a load connected at the outputs the quiescent current will increase.

[4] The DC output voltage, with respect to ground, is approximately 0.5 VCC.

[5] ∆VO(offset) =|VOUT+ −VOUT−|

[6] Channels 3 and 4 can only be set to mute or on mode by MODE2 when VMODE1 >V

CC −2.0 V.

12. Dynamic characteristics

Table 8. Static characteristics

=17V;T

amb

=25

C; R

Ω

; V

MODE1

; V

MODE2

; V

= 0 V; measured in test circuit Figure 11; unless

otherwise speciﬁed.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Supply

VCC supply voltage operating [1] 91726V

no (clipping) signal [2] - - 28 V

Iqquiescent current VCC = 17 V; RL= ∞[3] - 100 145 mA

Istb standby current - - - 10 µA

Output pins

VOoutput voltage - [4] -9-V

∆VO(offset) differential output voltage offset BTL mode [5] - - 170 mV

Mode selection pins

VMODE1 voltage on pin MODE1 on mode VCC −2.0 - VCC V

mute mode 4.5 - VCC −3.5 V

standby mode 0 - 0.8 V

VMODE2 voltage on pin MODE2 on mode: channels 3 and 4 [6] VCC −2.0 - VCC V

mute mode: channels 3 and 4 0 - VCC −3.5 V

IMODE1 current on pin MODE1 0 V < VMODE1 < (VCC −3.5 V) - - 20 µA

IMODE2 current on pin MODE2 0 V < VMODE2 < (VCC −3.5 V) - - 20 µA

Table 9. Dynamic characteristics SE

=17V;T

amb

=25

C; R

Ω

; f

= 1 kHz; V

MODE1

; V

MODE2

; measured in test circuit Figure 11; unless

otherwise speciﬁed.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Po(SE) SE output power VCC = 17 V; see Figure 7

THD = 10 %; RL=4Ω6.5 8 - W

THD = 0.5 %; RL=4Ω-6-W

VCC =20V

THD = 10 %; RL=4Ω-12-W

THD total harmonic distortion Po= 1 W - 0.1 0.5 %

Gvvoltage gain - 25 26 27 dB

Ziinput impedance - 40 60 - kΩ

Product data sheet Rev. 01 — 27 February 2008 10 of 26

NXP Semiconductors TDA8948J

4-channel audio ampliﬁer

[1] The noise output voltage is measured at the output in a frequency range from 20 Hz to 22 kHz (unweighted), with a source impedance

RSOURCE =0Ωat the input.

[2] Supply voltage ripple rejection is measured at the output, with a source impedance RSOURCE =0Ωat the input and with a frequency

range from 20 Hz to 22 kHz (unweighted). The ripple voltage is a sine wave with a frequency fripple and an amplitude of 300 mV (RMS),

which is applied to the positive supply rail.

[3] Output voltage in mute mode is measured with VMODE1 =V

MODE2 = 7 V, and Vi= 1 V (RMS) in a bandwidth from 20 Hz to 22 kHz,

including noise.

[1] The noise output voltage is measured at the output in a frequency range from 20 Hz to 22 kHz (unweighted), with a source impedance

RSOURCE =0Ωat the input.

[2] Supply voltage ripple rejection is measured at the output, with a source impedance RSOURCE =0Ωat the input and with a frequency

range from 20 Hz to 22 kHz (unweighted). The ripple voltage is a sine wave with a frequency fripple and an amplitude of 300 mV (RMS),

which is applied to the positive supply rail.

[3] Output voltage in mute mode is measured with VMODE1 =V

MODE2 = 7 V, and Vi= 1 V (RMS) in a bandwidth from 20 Hz to 22 kHz,

including noise.

Vn(o) output noise voltage - [1] - 150 - µV

SVRR supply voltage ripple rejection fripple = 1 kHz [2] -60-dB

fripple = 100 Hz to 20 kHz [2] -60-dB

Vo(mute) mute output voltage - [3] - - 150 µV

αcs channel separation RSOURCE =0Ω50 60 - dB

|∆Gv|voltage gain difference - - - 1 dB

Table 9. Dynamic characteristics SE

…continued

=17V;T

amb

=25

C; R

Ω

; f

= 1 kHz; V

MODE1

; V

MODE2

; measured in test circuit Figure 11; unless

otherwise speciﬁed.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Table 10. Dynamic characteristics BTL

=17V;T

amb

=25

C; R

Ω

; f = 1 kHz; V

MODE1

; V

MODE2

; measured in test circuit Figure 11; unless

otherwise speciﬁed.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Po(BTL) BTL output power VCC = 17 V; see Figure 7

THD = 10 %; RL=8Ω14 16 - W

THD = 0.5 %; RL=8Ω-12-W

VCC =20V

THD = 10 %; RL=8Ω-24-W

THD total harmonic distortion Po= 1 W - 0.05 0.5 %

Gvvoltage gain - 31 32 33 dB

Ziinput impedance - 20 30 - kΩ

Vn(o) noise output voltage - [1] - 200 - µV

SVRR supply voltage ripple rejection fripple = 1 kHz [2] -65-dB

fripple = 100 Hz to 20 kHz [2] -65-dB

Vo(mute) mute output voltage - [3] - - 250 µV

αcs channel separation RSOURCE =0Ω50 65 - dB

|∆Gv|voltage gain difference - - - 1 dB

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