ZyXEL Communications P-660R-TX V3 Handbuch

P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

P-660R-Tx v3

Support Notes

Version3.40

Aug 2008

P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

OS FAQ................................................................................................. 6

1. How do I access the P-660R-Tx v3 Command Line Interface (CLI)?

...................................................................................................... 6

2. How do I update the firmware and configuration file?............... 6

3. How do I restore P-660R-Tx v3 configurations by using TFTP

client program via LAN?................................................................. 7

4. What should I do if I forget the system password?..................... 7

5. How to use the Reset button?.................................................... 7

6. What is SUA? When should I use SUA? ...................................... 7

7. What is the difference between SUA and Full Feature NAT? ...... 8

8. Is it possible to access a server running behind SUA from the

outside Internet? How can I do it?................................................. 8

9. When do I need select Multiple IP in NAT (Full Feature NAT)? ... 8

10. What IP/Port mapping does Multi-NAT support?..................... 9

11. How many network users can the SUA/NAT support? ........... 10

12. How can I protect against IP spoofing attacks? ...................... 10

PRODUCT FAQ ................................................................................. 11

1. How can I manage P-660R-Tx v3?............................................. 11

2. What is the default password for Web Configurator? .............. 11

3. How do I know the P-660R-Tx v3's WAN IP address assigned by

the ISP? ....................................................................................... 11

P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

4. What is Traffic Shaping？........................................................ 11

5. Why do we perform traffic shaping in the P-660R-Tx v3?......... 11

6. What do the parameters (PCR, SCR, and MBS) mean? ............. 12

7. What do the ATM QoS Types (CBR, UBR, VBR，rtVBR, nrtVBR)

mean? ......................................................................................... 12

8. The P-660R-Tx v3 supports Bridge and Router mode, what's the

difference between them? .......................................................... 13

9. How do I know I am using PPPoE? ........................................... 13

10. Why does my provider use PPPoE? ........................................ 13

11. When do I need to choose dynamic IP?.................................. 13

12. What is DDNS?....................................................................... 15

13. When do I need DDNS service? .............................................. 15

14. What is DDNS wildcard? Does the P-660R-Tx v3 support DDNS

wildcard?..................................................................................... 15

15. Can the P-660R-Tx v3's SUA (Simple IP) handle IPSec packets

sent by the IPSec gateway? ......................................................... 16

16. How do I setup my P-660R-Tx v3 for routing IPSec packets over

SUA?............................................................................................ 16

17. What is IP Policy Routing (IPPR)? ........................................ 17

18. How does the IPPR work? ...................................................... 18

19. What is CWMP? ..................................................................... 18

20. How to configure CWMP on P660R TX v3?............................. 18

P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

21. How to configure ACL?........................................................... 20

22. What is UPnP? ....................................................................... 21

ADSL FAQ ........................................................................................... 22

1. How does ADSL compare to Cable modems? ........................... 22

2. What is the micro-filter or splitter used for?............................ 22

3. How do I know the ADSL line is up? ......................................... 22

4. Does the VC-based multiplexing perform better than the

LLC-based multiplexing? .............................................................. 22

5. How do I know the details of my ADSL line statistics?.............. 23

6. What are the signaling pins of the ADSL connector? ................ 23

APPLICATION NOTES.......................................................................... 24

GENERAL APPLICATION NOTES ................................................................ 24

1. Internet Access Using P-660R-Tx v3 under Bridge mode........... 24

2. Internet Access Using P-660R-Tx v3 under Routing mode ........ 26

3. Make use of Bridge Interface in Routing mode ........................ 28

4. Setup the P-660R-Tx v3 as a DHCP Relay.................................. 29

5. SUA Notes................................................................................ 31

6. Using Full Feature NAT............................................................. 40

7. Using the Dynamic DNS (DDNS) ............................................... 48

8. Network Management Using SNMP......................................... 50

9. Using system log...................................................................... 52

P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

10. Using IP Alias ......................................................................... 53

11. Using IP Multicast .................................................................. 55

12. How to configure packet filter on P-660R-Tx v3?.................... 57

SUPPORT TOOL .................................................................................. 62

1. LAN/WAN Packet Trace ........................................................... 62

Trace packet by telnet ................................................................. 63

COMMAND SYNTAX AND GENERAL USER INTERFACE ........................................ 66

P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

OS FAQ

1. How do I access the P-660R-Tx v3 Command Line Interface (CLI)?

The Command Line Interface is for the Administrator use only, and it could be

accessed via telnet session.

Begin telnet session:

(1) Choose “start” on your computer →”run”

(2) Input “cmd” and enter

(3) Input “telnet xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx” ( note that there is a space between the two),

(4) Enter to login in the CLI.

Note: It is protected by super password, „1234‟ by factory default.

2. How do I update the firmware and configuration file?

You can do this if you access the P-660R-Tx v3 as Administrator. You can

upload the firmware and configuration file to P-660R-Tx v3 from Web

Condigurator, or using FTP software. You CAN NOT upload the firmware and

configuration file via Telnet because the Telnet connection will be dropped

during uploading the firmware. Please do not power off the router right after the

FTP uploading is finished, the router will upload the firmware to its flash at this

moment.

(1) Update on web configuration page, Advanced Setup，

Maintenance -> Firmware

You can check your current firmware version and upgrade the firmware of

the Router in this page. Make sure the firmware you want to use is on the

local hard drive of the computer. Click on Browse to browse the local hard

drive and locate the firmware to be used for upgrade.

(2) Update firmware with FTP

a) Use the FTP client program in your PC to login to your P-660R-Tx v3.

Note that it is protected by user name and password, “admin” and

“1234” by default.

b) To update firmware, you need to use the command: put xx.bin ras for

firmware or put xx.rom rom-0 for rom file.

xx.bin means the firmware on your local hard drive and xx.rom means

rom file on your local hard drive. You can simply draw them into the

window.

Note: There may be firmware that could not be upgraded from Web

Configurator. In this case, ZyXEL will prepare special Upload Software

P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

for you. Please read the firmware release note carefully when you want to

upload a new firmware.

3. How do I restore P-660R-Tx v3 configurations by using TFTP client

program via LAN?

a. Use the TELNET client program in your PC to login to your P-660R-Tx

v3.

b. Enter CI command 'sys stdio 0' disable Stdio idle timeout

c. To backup the P-660R-Tx v3 configurations, use TFTP client program

to get file 'rom-0' from the P-660R-Tx v3.

d. To restore the P-660R-Tx v3 configurations, use the TFTP client

program to put your configuration in file rom-0 in the P-660R-Tx v3.

4. What should I do if I forget the system password?

In case you forget the system password, you can erase the current

configuration and restore factory defaults this way:

Use the RESET button on the rear panel of P-660R-Tx v3 to reset the router.

After the router is reset, the LAN IP address will be reset to '192.168.1.1', the

password will be reset to „1234‟.

5. How to use the Reset button?

a. Turn your P-660R-Tx v3 on. Make sure the POWER led is on (not

blinking)

b. Press the RESET button for ten seconds and then release it. If the

POWER LED begins to blink, the default configuration has been

restored and the P-660R-Tx v3 restarts.

6. What is SUA? When should I use SUA?

SUA (Single User Account) is a unique feature supported by P-660R-Tx v3

router which allows multiple people to access Internet concurrently for the cost

of a single user account.

When P-660R-Tx v3 acting as SUA receives a packet from a local client

destined for the outside Internet, it replaces the source address in the IP

packet header with its own address and the source port in the TCP or UDP

header with another value chosen out of a local pool. It then recomputed the

appropriate header checksums and forwards the packet to the Internet as if it

is originated from P-660R-Tx v3 using the IP address assigned by ISP. When

reply packets from the external Internet are received by P-660R-Tx v3, the

original IP source address and TCP/UDP source port numbers are written into

P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

the destination fields of the packet (since it is now moving in the opposite

direction), the checksums are recomputed, and the packet is delivered to its

true destination. This is because SUA keeps a table of the IP addresses and

port numbers of the local systems currently using it.

7. What is the difference between SUA and Full Feature NAT?

When you edit a remote node in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup,

Advanced Setup -> NAT -> Number of IPs, there will be two options for you:

Single

Multiple

Single here means SUA (Single User Account). In previous versions is a NAT

set with 2 rules: Many-to-One and Server. With SUA, 'visible' servers had to

be mapped to different ports, since the servers share only one global IP.

The P-660R-Tx v3 now has Multiple, stands for Full Feature NAT, which

supports five types of IP/Port mapping: One to One, Many to One, Many to

Many Overload, Many to Many No Overload and Server. You can make special

application when you select Multiple. For example: With multiple global IP

addresses, multiple severs using the same port (e.g., FTP servers using port

21/20) are allowed on the LAN for outside access.

The P-660R-Tx v3 supports NAT sets on a remote node basis. They are

reusable, but only one set is allowed for each remote node. The P-660R-Tx v3

supports 8 sets since there are 8 remote nodes.

8. Is it possible to access a server running behind SUA from the outside

Internet? How can I do it?

Yes, it is possible because P-660R-Tx v3 delivers the packet to the local server

by looking up to a SUA server table. Therefore, to make a local server

accessible to the outside users, the port number and the inside IP address of

the server must be configured. (You can configure it in Web Configurator,

Advanced Setup, Advanced Setup -> NAT -> DMZ.

9. When do I need select Multiple IP in NAT (Full Feature NAT)?

Make multiple local servers on the LAN accessible from outside with

multiple global IP addresses

With Single IP (SUA), 'visible' servers had to be mapped to different ports,

since the servers share only one global IP. But when you select Multiple IPs

P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

(Full Feature), you can make multiple local servers (mapping the same port or

not) on the LAN accessible from outside with multiple global IP addresses.

Support Non-NAT Friendly Applications

Some servers providing Internet applications such as some MIRC servers do

not allow users to login using the same IP address. Thus, users on the same

network can not login to the same server simultaneously. In this case it is

better to use Many-to-Many No Overload or One-to-One NAT mapping types,

thus each user login to the server using a unique global IP address.

10. What IP/Port mapping does Multi-NAT support?

There is a Virtual Server column in Advanced Setup-> NAT. We can

configure a IP/Port mapping table there.

Multi-NAT supports five types of IP/port mapping: One to One, Many to One,

Many to Many Overload, Many to Many No Overload and Server. The details

of the mapping between ILAand IGA are described as below. Here we define

the local IP addresses as the Internal Local Addresses (ILA) and the global IP

addresses as the Inside Global Address (IGA),

One to One: In One-to-One mode, the P-660R-Tx v3 maps one ILA to

one IGA.

Many to One: In Many-to-One mode, the P-660R-Tx v3 maps multiple

ILA to one IGA. This is equivalent to SUA (i.e., PAT, port address

translation).

Many to Many Overload: In Many-to-Many Overload mode, the

P-660R-Tx v3 maps the multiple ILA to shared IGA.

Many One-to-One: In Many One-to-One mode, the P-660R-Tx v3

maps each ILA to unique IGA.

Server: In Server mode, the P-660R-Tx v3 maps multiple inside servers

to one global IP address. This allows us to specify multiple servers of

different types behind the NAT for outside access. Note that if you want

to map each server to one unique IGA please use the One-to-One

mode.

P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

The following table summarizes the five types.

NAT Type

IP Mapping

One-to-One

ILA1<--->IGA1

Many-to-One

(SUA/PAT)

ILA1<--->IGA1

ILA2<--->IGA1

...

Many-to-Many

Overload

ILA1<--->IGA1

ILA2<--->IGA2

ILA3<--->IGA1

ILA4<--->IGA2

...

Many

One-to-One

ILA1<--->IGA1

ILA2<--->IGA2

ILA3<--->IGA3

ILA4<--->IGA4

...

Server

Server 1 IP<--->IGA1

Server 2 IP<--->IGA1

11. How many network users can the SUA/NAT support?

The P-660R-Tx v3 does not limit the number of the users but the number of

the NAT sessions. The P-660R-Tx v3 supports 1024 sessions that you can use

the 'ip nat session' command in CLI to see. You can also use

„ip nat hashTable wanif0‟ to view the current active NAT sessions.

12. How can I protect against IP spoofing attacks?

The P-660R-Tx v3's filter sets provide a means to protect against IP spoofing

attacks. The basic scheme is according to your need to set different filter

type.There are three types of filter: IP/MAC Filter, Application Filter, and URL

Filter. You can use IP/MAC filter to decide the input data or output one to be

filtered or you may simply set filter conditions depend on your application or

URL.

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