Apogee SL-510 Bedienungsanleitung

APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. | 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA

TEL: (435) 792-4700 | FAX: (435) 787-8268 | WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM

OWNER’S MANUAL

PYRGEOMETER

Models SL-510 and SL-610

Rev: 28-Oct-2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Owner’s Manual ............................................................................................................................................................1

Certificate of Compliance ......................................................................................................................................3

Introduction...........................................................................................................................................................4

Sensor Models .......................................................................................................................................................5

Specifications.........................................................................................................................................................6

Deployment and Installation .................................................................................................................................8

Cable Connectors...................................................................................................................................................9

Operation and Measurement..............................................................................................................................10

Maintenance and Recalibration ..........................................................................................................................15

Troubleshooting and Customer Support .............................................................................................................16

Return and Warranty Policy ................................................................................................................................17

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE

EU Declaration of Conformity

This declaration of conformity is issued under the sole responsibility of the manufacturer:

Apogee Instruments, Inc.

721 W 1800 N

Logan, Utah 84321

USA

for the following product(s):

Models: SL-510, SL-610

Type: Pyrgeometer

The object of the declaration described above is in conformity with the relevant Union harmonization legislation:

2014/30/EU Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive

2011/65/EU Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS 2) Directive

2015/863/EU Amending Annex II to Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 3)

Standards referenced during compliance assessment:

EN 61326-1:2013 Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use –EMC requirements

EN 50581:2012 Technical documentation for the assessment of electrical and electronic products with respect to

the restriction of hazardous substances

Please be advised that based on the information available to us from our raw material suppliers, the products

manufactured by us do not contain, as intentional additives, any of the restricted materials including lead (see

note below), mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), polybrominated

diphenyls (PBDE), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and

diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP). However, please note that articles containing greater than 0.1% lead concentration are

RoHS 3 compliant using exemption 6c.

Further note that Apogee Instruments does not specifically run any analysis on our raw materials or end products

for the presence of these substances, but rely on the information provided to us by our material suppliers.

Signed for and on behalf of:

Apogee Instruments, October 2020

Bruce Bugbee

President

Apogee Instruments, Inc.

INTRODUCTION

All objects with a temperature above absolute zero emit electromagnetic radiation. The wavelengths and intensity

of radiation emitted are related to the temperature of the object. The atmosphere and terrestrial surfaces (e.g.,

soil, plant canopies, water, snow) emit radiation in the mid infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum

(approximately 4-50 µm).

Pyrgeometers are sensors that measure the net longwave radiation difference between the detector surface and

surface the detector is directed towards (typically, atmosphere or ground surface). Longwave radiation emitted by

the surface of interest can be calculated with the additional measurement of detector temperature, typically

accomplished via an internal thermistor or PRT.

Typical applications of pyrgeometers include measurement of incoming longwave radiation from the sky and

outgoing longwave radiation from terrestrial surfaces in atmospheric and energy balance studies. Incoming

longwave radiation measurements from pyrgeometers are an important input to frost prediction models.

Pyrgeometers are also integrated into net radiometers for measurement of net radiation at the land surface.

Apogee Instruments SL-510 and SL-610 pyrgeometers consist of a thermopile detector, silicon filter with a

diamond-like carbon coating (for weatherproofing), precision thermistor (for detector temperature measurement),

heater, and signal processing circuitry mounted in an anodized aluminum housing, and a cable to connect the

sensor to a measurement device. Sensors are potted solid with no internal air space and are designed for

continuous measurement of longwave radiation from the sky and terrestrial surfaces in outdoor environments. SL-

510 and SL-610 pyrgeometers output an analog voltage that is directly proportional to the longwave radiation

balance of the target (surface the detector is directed towards) and detector; the detector is sensitive to radiation

incident on a planar surface (does not have to be horizontal), where the radiation emanates from all angles of a

hemisphere. Longwave radiation incident on the detector is calculated from the radiation balance measurement

and detector temperature measurement.

SENSOR MODELS

Apogee SL-510 and SL-610 pyrgeometers covered in this manual are analog versions that provide a voltage output.

Apogee offers the SL-510 for atmospheric measurements (upward-looking sensor, measures incoming longwave

radiation) and SL-610 for terrestrial surface measurements (downward-looking sensor, measures outgoing

longwave radiation).

SL-510

Upward-looking sensor

Sensor model number and serial number are

located on a label near the pigtail leads on the

sensor cable. If you need the manufacturing date of

your sensor, please contact Apogee Instruments

with the serial number of your sensor.

SL-610

Downward-looking sensor

SPECIFICATIONS

SL-510-SS

SL-610-SS

Sensitivity

0.12 mV per W m-2 (variable from sensor to sensor, typical value listed)

Calibration Factor

(Reciprocal of Sensitivity)

8.5 W m-2 per mV (variable from sensor to sensor, typical value listed)

Calibration Uncertainty

± 5 % (see Calibration Traceability below)

Measurement Range

-200 to 200 W m-2 (net longwave irradiance)

Output from Thermopile

-23.5 to 23.5 mV

Output from Thermistor

0 to 2500 mV (typical, other voltages can be used)

Temperature Sensor

30 kΩ thermistor, ± 1 C tolerance at 25 C

Input Voltage Requirement for

Thermistor

2500 mV excitation (typical, other voltages can be used)

Measurement Repeatability

Less than 1 %

Long-term Drift

Less than 2 % change in sensitivity per year

Non-linearity

Less than 1 %

Response Time

Less than 0.5 s

Field of View

150°

Spectral Range

5 to 30 µm

Temperature Response

Less than 5 % from -15 to 45 C

Window Heating Offset

Less than 10 W m-2

Zero Offset B

Less than 5 W m-2

Tilt Error

Less than 0.5 %

Uncertainty in Daily Total

± 5 %

Heater

780 Ω, 15.4 mA current draw and 185 mW power requirement at 12 V DC

Dimensions

27.5 mm height, 23.5 mm diameter

Mass

90 g

100 g

Cable

5 m of six conductor, shielded, twisted-pair wire; TPR jacket (high water

resistance, high UV stability, flexibility in cold conditions); pigtail lead wires;

stainless steel (316), M8 connector located 25 cm from sensor head

Warranty

4 years against defects in materials and workmanship

Calibration Traceability

Apogee SL-510 and SL-610 pyrgeometers are calibrated against the mean of two Apogee model SL-510 or SL-610

transfer standard pyrgeometers inside a custom blackbody cone held at multiple fixed temperatures over a range

of radiometer (detector and sensor body) temperatures. The temperature of the blackbody cone is measured with

replicate precision thermistors thermally bonded to the cone surface. The transfer standard pyrgeometers are

calibrated against the mean of least two reference upward-looking pyrgeometers under all sky conditions in Logan,

Utah. Each of the two reference pyrgeometers are recalibrated on an alternating year schedule (one instrument

per year) at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in Golden, Colorado. NREL reference standards are

calibrated to the World Infrared Standard Group (WISG) in Davos, Switzerland.

DEPLOYMENT AND INSTALLATION

Mount the sensor to a solid surface with the nylon mounting screw provided, included thermally-insulated base

needs to be mounted between the sensor and the surface it is being mounted to. To accurately measure

atmospheric longwave radiation incident on a horizontal surface, the sensor should be approximately level

(longwave radiation from atmosphere is diffuse, so perfect level of the sensor is not required). An Apogee

Instruments model AL-100 leveling plate is recommended for this purpose. To facilitate mounting on a cross arm,

an Apogee Instruments model AM-110 mounting bracket is recommended.

Sensors must be carefully mounted in order to view the desired target surface (sky or ground) and avoid including

unwanted surfaces/objects in the field of view, thereby averaging unwanted radiation with the target radiation.

The sensor should be mounted such that obstructions (e.g., weather station tripod/tower or other

instrumentation) do not obstruct the sensor field of view. Once mounted, the green cap should be removed from

the sensor. The green cap can be used as a protective covering for the sensor when it is not in use.

Model AL-120

Nylon Screw: 10-32x3/8

Thermally-insulated Base

Nylon Screw: 10-32x3/8

Model AL-100

CABLE CONNECTORS

Apogee started offering in-line cable connectors on

some bare-lead sensors in March 2018 to simplify the

process of removing sensors from weather stations for

calibration (the entire cable does not have to be

removed from the station and shipped with the sensor).

The ruggedized M8 connectors are rated IP68, made of

corrosion-resistant marine-grade stainless-steel, and

designed for extended use in harsh environmental

conditions.

Inline cable connectors are installed 30 cm from the

head

(pyranometer pictured)

Instructions

Pins and Wiring Colors: All Apogee connectors have six

pins, but not all pins are used for every sensor. There

may also be unused wire colors inside the cable. To

simplify datalogger connection, we remove the unused

pigtail lead colors at the datalogger end of the cable.

If a replacement cable is ever needed, please contact

Apogee directly to ensure ordering the proper pigtail

configuration.

Alignment: When reconnecting the sensor, arrows on

the connector jacket and an aligning notch ensure

proper orientation.

Disconnection for extended periods: When

disconnecting the sensor for an extended period of time

from a station, protect the remaining half of the

connector still on the station from water and dirt with

electrical tape or other method.

A reference notch inside the connector ensures

proper alignment before tightening.

When sending sensors in for calibration, only send the

short end of the cable and half the connector.

Tightening: Connectors are designed to be firmly

finger-tightened only. There is an O-ring inside the

connector that can be overly compressed if a wrench is

used. Pay attention to thread alignment to avoid cross-

threading. When fully tightened, 1-2 threads may still

be visible.

Finger-tighten firmly

OPERATION AND MEASUREMENT

Apogee SL-510 and SL-610 pyrgeometers output two signals: a voltage from the thermopile radiation detector

(proportional to the radiation balance between target and detector) and a voltage from the thermistor

(proportional to the magnitude of the excitation voltage and resistance of thermistor). The voltage output from

the thermopile is an electrically-isolated bipolar (polarity is dependent on temperature difference between sensor

and target) signal, typically between -20 and 20 millivolts, and requires a high resolution differential measurement.

The voltage output from the thermistor can be measured with a single-ended measurement. In order to maximize

measurement resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, the input range of the measurement device should closely

match the output range of the pyrgeometer. DO NOT connect the thermopile (white and black wires) to a power

source. The detector is self-powered and applying voltage will damage it. Input voltage is required to measure

resistance of the thermistor and to power the heater. Only the red and yellow wires should be connected to a

power source.

VERY IMPORTANT: Apogee changed all wiring colors of our bare-lead sensors in March 2018 in conjunction

with the release of inline cable connectors on some sensors. To ensure proper connection to your data device,

please note your serial number or if your sensor has a stainless-steel connector 30 cm from the sensor head then

use the appropriate wiring configuration below.

Wiring for SL-510 Serial Number 1074 and above (or with cable connector) and SL-610 Serial Number 1034 and

above (or with cable connector)

Wiring for SL-510 with Serial Numbers range 0-1073 and SL-610 with Serial number range 0-1033

White: 12 V DC (positive lead for heater)

Black: Low side of differential channel (negative thermopile lead)

Green: Ground (negative lead for heater)

Yellow: Single-ended channel (positive thermistor lead)

Blue: Excitation channel (excitation for thermistor)

Red: High side of differential channel (positive thermopile lead)

Clear: Analog ground (negative thermistor lead)

White: High side of differential channel (positive thermopile lead)

Black: Low side of differential channel (negative thermopile lead)

Green: Single-ended channel (positive thermistor lead)

Yellow: 12 V DC (positive lead for heater)

Blue: Analog ground (negative thermistor and heater lead)

Red: Excitation channel (excitation for thermistor)

Clear: Shield/Ground

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