Digi XBee Bedienungsanleitung

User Guide

XBee/XBee-PRO®

DigiMesh 2.4 RF

Modules

XBee/XBee-PRO® DigiMesh 2.4 User Guide

(Part number N)

Disclaimers

Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on

the part of Digi International. Digi provides this document “as is,” without warranty of any kind, expressed

or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of fitness or merchantability for a particular

purpose. Digi may make improvements and/or changes in this manual or in the product(s) and/or the

program(s) described in this manual at any time.

Trademarks and copyright

Digi, Digi International, and the Digi logo are trademarks or registered trademarks in the United States and

other countries worldwide. All other trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of their

respective owners.

Revision Date Description

A September, 2008 Baseline release.

B March, 2010 Updated to support XBee DigiMesh 2.4 firmware updates.

C February, 2011 Updating hardware and software changes.

D July, 2011 Update to Antenna Information.

E January, 2012 Added new text and images.

F April, 2013 Corrected errors.

G July, 2013 Revised confusing voltage requirements.

H July, 2013 Corrected receive options description on three API frame descriptions.

IN/A Revision I is not used.

J December, 2013 Added frames 8D and 8E frames to the API section.

K May, 2014 Quality revision.

L July, 2014 Corrected output power values from 100 mW to 63 mW. Added CA

changes, and CA command to manual.

M December, 2014 Added the table for reading 0x8D packet in the Route Information

Packet; added the max network size message in the General

Information about the XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 RF Module

section; updated the Data Sample Rx Indicator section; updated the

receive options description in the Data Sample Rx Indicator table.

N March, 2015 Updated the warranty information. Added Brazilian certifications.

Corrected DD command default.

XBee/XBee-PRO® DigiMesh 2.4 User Guide 3

Customer support

Telephone (8:00 am — 5:00 pm CST):

US & Canada: 866.765.9885

Worldwide: 801.765.9885

Online: www.digi.com/support/eservice

Mail:

Digi International

11001 Bren Road East

Minnetonka, MN 55343

USA

Warranty

View the product’s warranty online: http://www.digi.com/howtobuy/terms

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 User Guide 4

Contents

General information about the XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 RF

Module

Key features of the XBee/XBee-PRO 2.4 DigiMesh 8

Worldwide acceptance of the XBee/XBee-PRO 2.4 DigiMesh 9

Specifications of the XBee/XBee-PRO 2.4 DigiMesh 9

Mechanical drawings of the XBee/XBee-PRO 2.4 DigiMesh 11

Mounting considerations for the XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 12

Hardware diagram 13

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 pin signals 13

Recommended pin connections for XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 14

XBee DigiMesh 2.4 design notes 15

XBee board layout 15

XBee power supply design 15

XBee antenna performance 15

Point your antenna up vertically (up right) 15

Position antennas away from metal objects whenever possible 15

Use an external antenna if the XBee device is placed inside a metal enclosure 15

Do not place XBee modules with the chip or integrated PCB antennas inside a metal en-

closure 15

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 electrical characteristics 17

XBee/XBee-PRO module operation

Serial communications for the XBee RF Module 20

XBee UART data flow 20

XBee serial data 20

XBee serial buffers 20

Serial receive buffer 21

Serial transmit buffer 21

XBee serial flow control 21

CTS flow control 22

RTS flow control 22

XBee serial interface protocols 22

Transparent operation 22

API operation 22

Comparing transparent and API operation 23

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 User Guide 5

Idle mode 24

Transmit mode 24

Receive mode 25

Command mode 25

AT Command Mode 25

Sleep Mode 26

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 advanced application features

XBee remote configuration commands 27

Sending a remote command 27

Applying changes on remote devices 27

XBee remote command responses 27

XBee network commissioning and diagnostics 28

XBee-PRO 900HP device configuration 28

XBee network link establishment and maintenance 28

Building aggregate routes 28

Node replacement 29

XBee device placement 29

Link testing 29

RSSI indicators 29

XBee device discovery 30

Network discovery 30

Neighbor polling 30

XBee DigiMesh 2.4 RF Module XBee link reliability 30

Network link testing 30

Link testing between adjacent devices 31

Trace routing 32

NACK messages 33

Commissioning pushbutton and associate LED 34

Commissioning pushbutton 34

Associate LED 35

Diagnostics support 36

XBee/ XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 I/O line monitoring 36

I/O samples 36

Queried sampling 36

XBee periodic I/O sampling 38

XBee digital I/O change detection 38

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 networking

DigiMesh feature set 39

DigiMesh networking concepts 39

Device configuration 39

Network ID 40

Operating channel 40

DigiMesh data transmission and routing 40

Unicast addressing 40

Broadcast addressing 40

Routing 41

Route discovery 41

Throughput 41

XBee DigiMesh 2.4 transmission timeouts 42

Unicast one hop time 42

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 User Guide 6

Transmitting a broadcast 42

Transmitting a unicast with a known route 42

Transmitting a Unicast with an unknown route 43

Transmitting a Unicast with a broken route 43

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 sleep modes

DigiMesh sleep modes 44

Normal mode (SM=0) 44

Asynchronous pin sleep mode (SM=1) 44

Asynchronous cyclic sleep mode (SM=4) 45

Asynchronous cyclic sleep with pin wake up mode (SM=5) 45

Synchronous sleep support mode (SM=7) 45

Synchronous cyclic sleep mode (SM=8) 45

XBee asynchronous sleep operation 46

DigiMesh wake timer 46

DigiMesh sleeping routers 46

Coordinating sleep modes in the DigiMesh network 46

DigiMesh synchronization messages 46

Becoming a sleep coordinator 48

Sleep guard times 49

Auto-early wake-up sleep option 49

XBee DigiMesh configuration 49

Selecting sleep parameters 49

Starting a sleeping DigiMesh network 50

Adding a new node to an existing network 51

Changing sleep parameters 51

XBee DigiMesh diagnostics 52

Query sleep cycle 52

Sleep status 53

Missed sync messages command 53

Sleep status API messages 53

XBee/XBee-PRO command reference tables

Special 54

MAC/ PHY level 54

Diagnostics 56

Network 57

Addressing 57

Diagnostic addressing 59

Addressing discovery/ configuration 59

Security 60

Serial interfacing 61

I/O settings 62

I/O sampling 66

Sleep 67

Sleep diagnostics 69

AT command options 70

Firmware commands (firmware version/information) 70

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 API operation

XBee API frame specifications 72

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 User Guide 7

XBee API operation (AP parameter = 1) 72

XBee API operation-with escape characters (AP parameter = 2) 72

XBee escape characters 73

XBee UART frame data 73

Checksum 74

XBee API UART exchanges 75

AT commands 75

Transmitting and receiving RF data 75

Remote AT commands 75

Supporting the XBee API 76

XBee frame data 76

AT command 76

AT command - queue parameter value 77

Transmit request 78

Explicit addressing command frame 79

Remote AT command request 81

AT command response 82

Modem status 83

Transmit status 83

Route information packet 84

Aggregate addressing update 86

Receive packet 87

Explicit Rx indicator 89

Data sample Rx indicator 90

Node identification indicator 92

Remote command response 94

XBee/XBee-PRO terms and definitions

Agency certifications

United States (FCC) 98

OEM labeling requirements 98

FCC notices 98

FCC-approved antennas (2.4 GHz) 99

XBee RF module high gain antenna summary 101

Europe (ETSI) 103

OEM labeling requirements 103

Restrictions 103

Declarations of conformity 103

Approved antennas 104

Canada (IC) 104

Labeling requirements 104

Japan (Telec) 105

Labeling requirements 105

Australia (C-Tick) 105

Labeling requirements 105

ANATEL (Brazil) certification 105

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 User Guide 8

General information about the XBee/XBee-PRO

DigiMesh 2.4 RF Module

The XBee®and XBee-PRO®DigiMesh 2.4 RF Modules are engineered to support the unique needs of

low-cost, low-power wireless sensor networks. The modules require minimal power and provide

reliable delivery of data between remote devices. The modules operate within the ISM 2.4 MHz

frequency band.

Easily build networks up to 32 nodes using the XBee modules. For larger networks up to 1000+

nodes, Digi offers RF Optimization Services to assist with proper network configuration. Contact Digi

Technical Support for more details.

Key features of the XBee/XBee-PRO 2.4 DigiMesh

The following table highlights the key features of the XBee DigiMesh 2.4 RF Module:

High performance, low cost Low power

XBee

Indoor/Urban: up to 100 ft. (30 m)

Outdoor line-of-sight: up to 300 ft. (100 m)

Transmit power output: 1 mW (0 dBm)

Receiver sensitivity: -92 dBm

XBee-PRO

Indoor/Urban: up to 300 ft (100 m)

Outdoor line-of-sight: up to 1 mile (1500m)

Transmit power output: 63 mW (+18 dBm)

Receiver sensitivity: -100 dBm

RF data rate: 250 kb/s

XBee

TX peak current: 45mA (@ 3.3V)

Power down current (cyclic sleep): <50 μA

Power down current (pin sleep): <10 μA

XBee-PRO

TX peak current: 250 mA (150 mA for international

variant)

TX peak current (RPSMA module only): 340 mA (180

mA for international variant)

RX current: 55 mA (@ 3.3V)

Power down current (cyclic sleep): <50 μA

Power down current (pin sleep): <10 μA

Worldwide acceptance of the XBee/XBee-PRO 2.4 DigiMesh

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 User Guide 9

Worldwide acceptance of the XBee/XBee-PRO 2.4 DigiMesh

Our XBee DigiMesh 2.4 RF modules meet the following standards:

• USA FCC approval (refer to Appendix B for FCC requirements).

• Systems that contain XBee-PRO®DigiMesh 2.4 RF Modules inherit Digi certifications.

• ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical) 2.4 GHz frequency band

• Manufactured under ISO 9001:2000 registered standards.

• XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 RF Modules are optimized for use in U.S. and Canada (contact Digi for

complete list of agency approvals.

Specifications of the XBee/XBee-PRO 2.4 DigiMesh

The following table describes the hardware and mechanical specifications of the XBee-PRO DigiMesh

2.4 RF Module:

Advanced networking and security Easy to use

Retries and acknowledgments

Optional self-routing, self-healing mesh

networking available

DSSS (Direct Sequencing Spread Spectrum)

No configuration necessary for out of box RF

communications

AT and API command modes for configuring the

module

Small form factor

Specification XBee XBee-PRO

Performance

Indoor/Urban range Up to 100 ft. (30 m) Up to 300 ft. (90 m), up to 200 ft. (60 m)

international variant

Outdoor RF line of sight

range

Up to 300 ft. (90 m) Up to 1 mile (1.5 km), w/ 2.0 dB dipole

antenna

Up to 6 miles (10 km) w/ high gain antenna

Transmit power output 1 mW (0 dBm) 63 mW (18 dBm)*

10 mW (10 dBm) for international variant

RF data rate 250 kb/s 250 kb/s

Serial interface data rate

(software selectable)

1200 bps - 250 kb/s

(non-standard baud rates also

supported)

1200 bps-250 kb/s (non-standard baud rates

also supported)

Receiver sensitivity -92 dBm (1% packet error rate) -100 dBm (1% packet error rate)

Power requirements

Supply voltage 2.8 - 3.4 VDC 2.8 - 3.4 VDC

Transmit current 45 mA (@ 3.3 V) 250 mA (@ 3.3 V) (150 mA for international

variant)

RPSMA module only: 340 mA (@ 3.3 V) (180

mA for international variant)

Specifications of the XBee/XBee-PRO 2.4 DigiMesh

XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 User Guide 10

Note See Agency certifications on page 98 for region-specific certification requirements.

Idle / Receive current 50 mA (@ 3.3 V) 55 mA (@ 3.3 V)

Power down current (pin

sleep)

<10 μA<10μA

Power down current (cyclic

sleep)

<50 μA<50μA

General

Operating frequency band ISM 2.4 GHz ISM 2.4 GHz

Dimensions 0.960” x 1.087” (2.438 cm x

2.761 cm)

0.960” x 1.297” (2.438 cm x 3.294 cm)

Operating temperature -40 to 85 C (Industrial), 0 to 95%

non - condensing

-40 to 85 C (Industrial), 0 to 95% non -

condensing

Antenna options 1/4 wave wire antenna,

embedded PCB antenna,

RPSMA RF connector, U.FL RF

connector

1/4 wave wire antenna, RPSMA RF connector,

U.FL RF connector

Network and security

Supported network

topologies

Mesh, point-to-point, point-to-

multipoint, peer-to-peer

Mesh, point-to-point, point-to-multipoint,

peer-to-peer

Number of Channels

(software selectable)

16 direct sequence channels 12 direct sequence channels

Addressing Options PAN ID, channel and 64-bit

addresses

PAN ID, channel and 64-bit addresses

Encryption 128 bit AES 128 bit AES

Agency approvals

United States (FCC Part

15.247)

OUR-XBEE OUR-XBEEPRO

Industry Canada (IC) 4214A-XBEE 4214A-XBEEPRO

Europe (CE) ETSI ETSI (max 10dBm transmit power output)*

RoHS Lead-free and RoHS compliant Lead-free and RoHS compliant

Japan R201WW07215214 R201WW08215111” (max. 10 dBm transmit

power output)*

Australia C -Tick C - Tick

Brazil ANATEL 0369-15-1209 ANATEL 0378-15-1209

Specification XBee XBee-PRO

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