LCT Eyegaze Edge Bedienungsanleitung

1 GETTING STARTED ....................................................................................................................... 2

1.1 Principle of Operation .............................................................................................................. 2

1.2 Requirements for Use.............................................................................................................. 2

1.3 Preparing for Use .................................................................................................................... 3

1.3.1 Positioning the Screen...................................................................................................... 3

1.3.2 Using the Eye Image Display............................................................................................ 3

1.3.3 Adjusting the Camera ....................................................................................................... 4

1.4 Calibrating the Eyegaze Edge ................................................................................................. 5

1.4.1 Calibration Procedure....................................................................................................... 5

1.4.2 Simple Calibration ............................................................................................................ 7

1.4.3 Maintaining Focus During Calibration ............................................................................... 7

1.4.4 Compensating for a Pupil Blocked by the Eyelid............................................................... 8

1.4.6 Accuracy Display .............................................................................................................. 8

1.4.7 Re-taking Calibration Points ............................................................................................. 9

1.4.8 Re-starting the Calibration Procedure............................................................................... 9

1.4.9 Terminating the Calibration Procedure ............................................................................. 9

1.4.10 Accepting Calibrations...................................................................................................... 9

1.4.11 Maintaining Eyegaze Accuracy....................................................................................... 10

1.4.12 Bringing up the Calibration Program from Other Screens ............................................... 10

1.5 Visually Pushing Keys ........................................................................................................... 10

1.5.1 User Feedback: Locator Dot........................................................................................... 10

1.5.3 Gaze Duration ................................................................................................................ 11

2 Eyegaze Programs ........................................................................................................................ 12

2.1 Main Menu............................................................................................................................. 12

2.2 Phrases ................................................................................................................................. 12

2.3 Keyboard ............................................................................................................................... 12

2.3.1 Special Features in the Keyboard Program .................................................................... 14

2.3.2 Keyboard Control Screen ............................................................................................... 15

2.4 Eyegaze Edge Links for Computer Access (option) ............................................................... 16

2.4.1 Mouse Control in the Computer Access Program ........................................................... 17

2.4.2 Assistant Interaction ....................................................................................................... 18

2.4.3 Some Cautions............................................................................................................... 19

3 Grid 3 Program (EYEWORLD)....................................................................................................... 20

3.1 Updating the Grid .................................................................................................................. 20

3.2 Email account Settings .......................................................................................................... 20

3.2.1 Gmail specific settings.................................................................................................... 20

3.2.2 Yahoo specific settings ................................................................................................... 21

3.2.3 iCloud settings................................................................................................................ 21

3.2.4 Manual email settings..................................................................................................... 22

3.2.5 AOL Email Settings ........................................................................................................ 23

3.2.6 Firewall settings for email ............................................................................................... 23

3.3 Connecting an Android or iPhone .......................................................................................... 24

4 Manual Controls for Eyegaze......................................................................................................... 32

4.1 ESC (Escape)........................................................................................................................ 32

4.2 Function Key Manual Controls............................................................................................... 32

4.3 Manual Controls for the Eyegaze Edge Links Computer Access Program ............................. 33

5 Using the EYEGAZE EDGE Settings Program............................................................................... 34

6 Assembling the Eyegaze Edge ...................................................................................................... 35

6.1 Cleaning the Eyegaze Edge System...................................................................................... 35

6.2 Select a Site for the Eyegaze Edge ....................................................................................... 35

6.3 Mount the Clamp and Arm for the Monitor ............................................................................. 35

6.4 Assembling Eyegaze Edge Tablet ......................................................................................... 36

7 Manufacturers Limited Warranty .................................................................................................... 37

1 GETTING STARTED

The Eyegaze Edge is a tablet-based communication and control system than enables people to

connect with the world using only their eyes. To operate the system, the Eyegaze Edge control screen

is positioned in front of the user so he can comfortably access the screen with his eyes. Screen

displays typically include a variety of control and communication functions that the Eyegaze Edge is

capable of executing. When the user focuses his gaze on a desired “key” for a fraction of a second, the

Eyegaze Edge executes the associated function, such as verbalizing a phrase, typing a keyboard

character, or sending an email.

1.1 Principle of Operation

A specialized camera mounted below the Eyegaze control screen is focused on one of the user’s eyes.

The camera’s image of the eye is displayed in the upper right or left corner of the screen. The eye

image assists in optimally positioning the camera. Once positioned, the camera takes 60 pictures per

second of the eye; those images are analyzed in real time to determine the user’s gaze point on the

screen.

Eye tracking is done utilizing a small infrared light (LED) mounted in the center of the camera lens. The

LED illuminates the eye and provides a bright image of the pupil and bright spot reflecting off the

cornea. The bright corneal reflection is often referred to as the glint spot. Sophisticated image-

processing software in the system continually tracks the center of the pupil and the center of the glint

spot. Based on the relative positions of the pupil center and the glint spot, the Eyegaze Edge predicts

where on the control screen the user is looking.

Typically the Eyegaze Edge predicts the user’s gaze point with an accuracy of better than 1/4-inch,

enabling the user to activate keys as small as a 5/8-inch square. As feedback to the user, the Edge

displays a red dot, called the locator dot, on the screen at either the point where the user is looking or in

the center of the key the user is looking at, based on user preference.

The user operates the Eyegaze Edge by looking at rectangular keys that are displayed on the control

screen. To “press” a key visually, the user looks at the key for a specified period of time, called the

gaze duration, usually 1/4-second to 2/3-second. When the key is activated it flashes. The system then

takes the action associated with that key.

1.2 Requirements for Use

To operate the Eyegaze Edge effectively, a person should have good control of at least one eye. He

should be able to move his gaze freely over the full range of the control screen. He should be able to fix

his gaze at any desired position on the screen for a period of about 1/2-second in order to select and

activate the various keys.

Image: Eye with bright pupil and glint spot

1.3 Preparing for Use

Note: In Section 1.3, “you” is understood to be the person assisting the user.

On the Eyegaze Edge desktop, click on either the Eyegaze icon or the EyeWorld icon to bring up

the calibration screen.

1.3.1 Positioning the Screen

The Eyegaze Edge screen must be positioned in front of the user in such a way that a) he can

comfortably see the entire screen, and b) the camera can clearly “see” one of his eyes. He should be

positioned between 18 – 30 inches from the screen, typically about 24 inches, depending on his

personal preference. The screen should always be parallel to his face with the top edge typically at

around eye level. Positioning the screen too high will make Eyegaze operation very fatiguing for the

user. If the user is reclining, angle the top of the screen down so he is facing it. If he is side-lying it is

typically easiest to point the camera at the eye which is highest.

Image: Side-lying position

1.3.2 Using the Eye Image Display

The eye image display appears in the upper right corner of the control screen*

Image: Seated position.

*if no eye image is present when you are in an Eyegaze screen try pressing control-F12.

The eye image display contains:

a) a display of the full camera image (right window)

b) a magnified display of the eye (left window)

c) a focus indicator (between windows)

Use the display of the full camera image on the right to help center the camera on the user’s eye. Until

the eye is clearly visible in the window on the right there will be no image on the left. A close-up image

of the eye will appear in the left window once the camera is adequately focused on the eye. Always use

the full camera image on the right to aid in positioning the system and camera since the close-up image

will always be centered in its window, even when the eye is not actually centered in the camera’s field

of view.

The presence of an eye image in the close-up (left) window is an indication the eye is being “tracked.”

You will see a bright tracking dot in the center of the pupil and a very tiny dark tracking dot in the center

of the glint spot (corneal reflection). Look for these tracking indicators during the process of positioning

the system. The Eyegaze Edge and its camera are in a relatively good position when the image of the

eye is centered and the tracking indicator dots are present.

1.3.3 Adjusting the Camera

The camera angle and the focus range must be adjusted so a clear close-up image of the user’s eye

appears, and the focus indicator is centered over its tick mark. Typically either eye may be used.

Position the Eyegaze screen a comfortable distance from the user, typically around 20-26 inches away

from the screen, with the top of the screen at eye level or lower. The camera can be focused as close

as 16 inches from the user’s eyes to as for away as 30 inches, based on user preference. Note: It is

usually easier for the user to move his eyes around the screen when it is not too close.

Focus range indicator

A focus indicator is displayed between the two eye images to assist in fine-tuning the focus. The focus

indicator is a white dot that moves up or down showing whether the subject is too close or too far from

the camera. If the focus indicator is centered on the reference tick mark, the eye is in perfect focus. If

the focus indicator reaches either end of the scale, the eye is approximately 0.75 inch (2 cm) out of

focus. As an additional indicator, the images of the eye turn red or green if the eye is significantly out of

focus. Green indicates that the user should move (go) forward to restore good focus, and red indicates

that he should move backward (retreat).

Use the full camera image (image to the right) to help locate the eye as you adjust the camera’s focus

and angle. Loosen the locking nut on the side of the camera bracket then adjust the camera angle to

point the camera toward the user’s eye. The camera moves up and down, but not side-to-side. Move

the screen if you need to adjust side-to-side position.

Adjust the camera focus by rotating the focus ring until the image is clear. It may be necessary to re-

adjust the camera angle in order to get a clear image of the eye.

1.4 Calibrating the Eyegaze Edge

Before the Eyegaze Edge can track the user’s eye movements and respond accurately, it must “learn”

several optical characteristics of his particular eye. It calibrates to the user’s eye by observing the eye

as he looks at a small icon on the screen as it moves to 5 or 9 locations. The calibration program

predicts the user’s gaze point anywhere on the screen by analyzing the images of the user’s eye when

he is looking at these known points.

1.4.1 Calibration Procedure

It is important to notice which eye the camera is focused on, since the Eyegaze Edge will not be able to

predict accurately if the user switches eyes without recalibrating. The eye image display is like looking

in a mirror: what appears to be the left eye is, in fact, the left eye. What appears to be the right eye is

the right eye.

Left eye images Right eye images

If the user switches eye inadvertently, simply move the screen to the side to again focus on the correct

eye. There is no need to recalibrate if you again capture the correct eye image. Do not refocus the

camera or you will have to calibrate again! Basically, if you don’t touch the camera there’s no need to

recalibrate unless the user wishes to switch eyes! Calibration is measuring the shape of the eye.

Moving away from the screen for whatever reason does not negate the calibration since the eye does

not change shape.

As you position the Eyegaze Edge, pay attention to reflections of light on the eye from sources other

than the system’s LED. Ambient infrared light on the surface of the eye can impact the Edge’s ability to

predict eye fixations accurately, particularly if the reflection sits on top the pupil. If an IR reflection is on

the pupil or the user’s eyeglasses, change the user’s location in the room or eliminate the source of

unwanted light by closing window shades, turning off the lamp, etc.

At the beginning of the calibration procedure, the screen displays the message:

A caregiver can initiate calibration by touching the “Start Calibration” cell, to bring up the first calibration

icon. (The icon may be a small yellow dot or an animated image.) Alternatively, the user can begin

calibration by looking down at the center of the camera lens to begin calibration. When calibration is

initiated, the system sounds a beep and a calibration icon appears at the first location on the screen. To

calibrate, the user looks at the center of the icon when it appears on the screen, then follows it as it

moves to a new location. He may relax and take his time. The calibration icon will not move until the

user has looked at it in its current position. The speed at which the calibration icon moves from location

to location is determined by how fast the user moves his eyes and adequately fixes his gaze on each

point.

Once the user has looked at the first calibration point on the screen, the camera angle and

focus range can no longer be adjusted. Don’t touch the camera after calibration has begun or at

any time during Eyegaze use!You can move the screen up or down forward or back after

calibration in order to re-position it for Eyegaze use. Adjusting the camera at any time once

calibration has begun, or during Eyegaze operation, will prevent the user from running the Eyegaze

Edge accurately until he calibrates again.

1.4.2 Simple Calibration

The Simple calibration is designed for users who have difficulty controlling their eye fixations, have poor

vision, or are young children. If you wish to use the Simple calibration, click on its icon on the desktop.

The calibration screen will display:

There are several differences between the Simple and Standard calibrations. The Simple calibration

moves the icon to 5 locations that are typically larger in size. In addition to fewer locations to look at,

the icon will move to a new location more quickly. This shorter time for the user to fix his gaze can be

useful for users whose are not steady, e.g. someone with nystagmus. Additionally, the accuracy

requirement is more lenient. Because it is typically not as accurate as the Standard calibration, it should

only be used when a user is unable to complete a Standard calibration.

1.4.3 Simple Calibration vs. Standard Calibration

Simple Calibration

Standard Calibration

5 Point 9 Points

Larger points Smaller points

Must fix gaze for 1/4 second on each point Must fix gaze for half a second on each point

Acceptance within .66 inches (1.45cm) Acceptance within .25 inches (.63cm)

7 Retakes 5 Retakes

1.4.3 Maintaining Focus During Calibration

To obtain good calibration results, it is desirable to keep the eye in good focus during the calibration

procedure. If the user is significantly out of focus during calibration, a circle appears around the

calibration icon to alert the user to move into focus. If the circle is green, move the screen forward

toward the user. If the circle is red, move the screen away from the user. The color code is a little like a

traffic light:

Green Go forward

Red Retreat (back up)

If the eye is out of focus, the calibration procedure waits for a focused image of the eye before

accepting the calibration point and moving on to the next point. Move the screen (not the camera!) until

the eye image is again clear, or ask the user to move his head back into position.

1.4.4 Compensating for a Pupil Blocked by the Eyelid

If the user’s upper eyelid covers part of his pupil, the Eyegaze Edge will compensate for the missing

piece of the pupil and continue to predict the user’s gaze point accurately. There is no need to change

the position of the screen. Note: more than half of the pupil must be visible in order for the system to

determine the pupil center and track the eye.

If the lower lid is blocking the pupil the screen may not be positioned optimally, e.g. parallel to the face.

When that occurs, the lower lid may obscure the corneal reflection and the eye cannot be tracked.

Move the screen so it is parallel to the face and you see a corneal reflection, and then start calibration.

If the user is side-lying there is no need to rotate the screen sideways. (Most people prefer to look at a

horizontal screen even when their head is sideways.) The Eyegaze Edge will sort out the blocked pupil

no matter what position the user is in.

1.4.5 Skipping Calibration points

If, during calibration the icon does not move to a new location after the user has attempted to focus on

it for a reasonable amount of time, about 15 or 20 seconds, you can skip that point by pressing fn

(function) and F2 on the manual keyboard. The icon will move to its next location and calibration may

continue. Skipping 2 locations should not overly affect the accuracy, assuming the user can

successfully fix his gaze on the remaining locations. Once skipped, there will be no opportunity to re-

take the skipped point.

1.4.6 Accuracy Display

At the end of the calibration procedure, the Eyegaze Edge displays the accuracy of the calibration that

it just performed. All the calibration icons appear on the screen at once, as well as all the locations of

the user’s gaze points. Red crosses represent the gaze points. There will be no red cross displayed at

a skipped point.

Data displayed on the upper left corner of the screen shows the average accuracy of the gaze point

predictions in inches or centimeters. You can freeze the screen with the data displayed by pressing the

space bar. Pressing the space bar a second time will resume operation. The average accuracy of the

horizontal and vertical components of the gaze points is also displayed. Attaining a calibration accuracy

number of .25 inches (.63 cm) or smaller in the Standard calibration will automatically bring up either

the Eyegaze Main Menu, EyeWorld, or a child’s program.

If the user is doing the Simple calibration, the Eyegaze Edge will automatically bring up the Main Menu,

EyeWorld, or a child’s program when the accuracy is .66 inches (1.45 cm) or smaller. During Eyegaze

operation, the user may not be able to accurately target very small keys if the system’s calibration is

“loose.” The Standard calibration is always preferable, and will provide the user with the highest

level of accurate Eyegaze key activation. If the user is able to do a standard calibration it should be

used.

1.4.7 Re-taking Calibration Points

If the user does not get a sufficiently accurate calibration, i.e., if the average error is more than .25

inches in the Standard calibration or .66 inches in the Simple calibration, the calibration program

assumes it did not get good readings on one or more of the calibration points. It will automatically

repeat the data collection for the worst-case points. The Eyegaze Edge indicates a point it will retake by

displaying the icon at that point. The user should prepare to look at that icon. After the calibration point

is re-taken, the program readjusts the calibration parameters and re-computes the calibration accuracy.

If a calibration point re-take is less accurate, the system ignores the re-take, and keeps the previous

calibration. It first displays the results of the re-take then the prior better performance is again

displayed. If the accuracy is still not good enough, it will again display a purple, then yellow, circle for

the user to look at. If the accuracy improves enough during one the re-takes, the calibration procedure

is completed, and the Edge automatically displays the Main Menu.

1.4.8 Re-starting the Calibration Procedure

If the calibration procedure is not going well, it can be restarted at any time by pressing the “Re-

calibrate” key (F1) on the manual keyboard.

1.4.9 Terminating the Calibration Procedure

The calibration procedure can be terminated at anytime by pressing the Escape key (Esc) on the

manual keyboard. If the calibration procedure is terminated with an Escape, the Eyegaze Edge

completely ignores any results from that calibration session and returns to the calibration results that

existed prior to that session. Escaping from the calibration procedure is useful any time a good

calibration already exists, and the user does not wish to recalibrate.

1.4.10 Accepting Calibrations

If the user has limited eye control, which hinders his calibration accuracy, you may press the “Accept

Calibration” key (F3) on the manual keyboard to instruct the Edge to accept a calibration of great than

.25 inches. You may accept a calibration at any time after the user completes the original calibration

points, i.e., either during the re-takes or while the screen again displays its message to begin

calibration. It is important to pay attention to the calibration accuracy number being accepted (displayed

in the upper left corner of the screen.)

As a rule of thumb, doubling that calibration number will give you an indication of the size of the keys

the user will be able to accurately target. For example, a calibration of .75 inches means the user will

be able to activate keys 1.5 square inches or larger. In some cases, a user may be able to calibrate

more accurately using the 5-point calibration instead of the 9-point. You may want to try both calibration

procedures to see which gets better results. It is also wise to try calibration on the opposite eye to see if

the results are better.

1.4.11 Maintaining Eyegaze Accuracy

To maintain accurate Eyegaze operation, the camera must be aimed at the same eye on which the

calibration was performed, and the eye must be in good focus. If the user moves out of focus simply

adjust the screen position until you see the eye image clearly. The camera angle and focus setting

must not be altered after calibration. Re-adjusting the camera angle or focus prevents the system

from accurately predicting where the user is looking; moving the screen to regain focus does not. As

long as you don’t touch the camera the user can move away from the Eyegaze Edge and return later to

resume operation.

As long as you can move the screen to refocus the eye it’s not necessary to recalibrate. If you move

the camera or change the focus the user must recalibrate! If the Eyegaze Edge is not responding

accurately to the user’s eye and it is suspected that the camera focus or angle was inadvertently

changed, recalibrate.

1.4.12 Bringing up the Calibration Program from Other Screens

If the System is in an Eyegaze program, press the “Re-Calibrate” key (F1) on the manual keyboard to

bring up the calibration program. If the user is in a Grid program he must first exit back to Eyegaze

before you press F1.

1.5 Visually Pushing Keys

Note: In Section 1.4, “you” is understood to be the user.

Eyegaze Edge operations occur by visually “pushing” the keys that are displayed on the various

screens. When you look at a key and keep your gaze there for about 1/2-second, the Eyegaze Edge

responds by taking the action associated with that key.

1.5.1 User Feedback: Locator Dot

In our basic Eyegaze programs there are 2 options for the eye-controlled cursor: “Dot in Key”, which

places the cursor at the user’s gaze point or “Dot in Key Center”. In either case the cursor is a very

small red dot. It should be visible but small enough to not be a distraction.

The type of locator dot is selected in the ECS Settings program under Gaze Selection (page 32)

Dot in Key (At user’s Gaze point)

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