MFJ MFJ-213 Bedienungsanleitung

Inhaltsverzeichnis

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ME)

MEFJ

Antenna

Analyzer

1.0

to

60.0

MHz

Model

MFJ-213

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL

CAUTION:

Read

All

Instructions

Before

Operating

Equipment

MFJ

ENTERPRISES,

INC.

300

Industrial

Park

Road

Starkville,

MS

39759

USA

)2-323-5869

Fax:

662-323.

Tel:

66:

6551

CopymianT

2013

MS

ENTERPRIBES,

INC.

MFJ-213

HF/VHF/UHF

Antenna

Analyzer

Instruction

Manual

DISCLAIMER

Information

in

this

manual

is

designed

for

user

purposes

only

and

is

nof|

intended

to

supersede

information

contained

in

customer

regulations,

technical

manuals/documents,

positional

handbooks,

or

other

official

publications.

The

copy

of

this

manual

provided

to

the

customer

will

not

be

updated

to

reflect

current

data.

Customers

using

this

manual

should

report

errors

or

omissions,

recommendations

for

improvements,

or

other

comments

to

MFJ

Enterprises,

300

Industrial

Park

Road,

Starkville,

MS

39759. Phone:

(662)

323-5869;

FAX:

(662)

323-6551.

Business

hours:

M-F

8-4:30

CST.

Version

1

ii

©

2012

MFI

Enterprises,

Inc

MFJ-213

HF/VHF/UHF

Antenna

Analyzer

Instruction

Manual

Contents

1.0

Introduction

me

2.0

Power

Sources

..

2.1

Internal

Batteries.

2.2

External

Power

Supply..

3.0

Operating

Mode...

3.1

Main

Menu

Screen...

3.1.1

Antenna

Analyzer

Mode

(1.Antenna)

3.1.2

Return

Loss

(2.Loss)

3.1.3

L/C

Measurement

Mode

(3.LC-meter)

3.1.4

Li-ion

Battery

Charge

(4.Chr)

3.1.5

Bluetooth

link

(6.BTIk

4.0

Frequency

Selection.

4.1

Variable

Tuning.

4.2

HF-Band

Selection

5.0

Accuracy

Limit

5.1

SWR

Measurements

and

Local

Interference

5.2

Checking

for

Local

Interference.

5.3

Detector

Linearity

and

Accuracy

5.4

Calibration-Plane

Error

5.5

Sign

Ambiguity

(+

j)

6.0

Antenna

Measurement:

6.1

Antenna

Connector:

6.2

SWR

6.3

Measuring

SWR

6.4

SWR,

Bandwidth,

and

Resonanci

6.5

Antenna

Tuning.

6.6

Antenna

matching

6.7

Matching

antennas

through

a

tuner

(.

6.8

Antenna

Impedance

Readings

.

6.9

Unpredictable

SWR.

7.0

Advanced

Functions.

7.1

Stimulus

Generator

as

a

Signal

Sourc

7.2

Measuring

Unknown

Capacitance.

7.3

Measuring

Unknown

Inductance.

7.4

Determining

Cable

Velocity

Factor

7.5

Tuning

a

%4-Wave

or

'4-Wave

Coaxial

Stub..

7.6

Checking

Coax

Cable.

7.7

Testing

RF

Transformers

..

7.8

Checking

HF

Baluns

..

NOTES:

8.0

Quick

Guide

to

Analyzer

Controls

and

Functions

.

Powe

Power

Up:

Main

Menu

Screen:

Set

Up

Stimulus

Frequency:

Return

Loss

Function

(2.Loss):

LIC

Function

(3,LC-mets

Charging

Function

(4.Chr

Technical

Assistance

..

12

MONTH

LIMITED

WARRANT"

2

Version

1

iii

©

2012

MFI

Enterprises,

Inc

—

MFJ-213

HF/VHF/UHF

Antenna

Analyzer

Instruction

Manual

1.0

INTRODUCTION

Important:

Read

Section-2

before

attempting

to

use

your

analyzer

--

applying

incorrect

operating

voltages

could

result

in

permanent

damage!

Also,

never

apply

a

DC

voltage

to

the

antenna

connector.

General

Description:

The

MFJ-213

is

a

self-contained

handheld

RF

analyzer

that

performs

the

following

diagnostic

functions:

SWR

(1:1

to

9.9:1)

Complex

Impedance

(Z

=

R

+

jX)

Impedance

Magnitude

(Z

in

Q)

Return

Loss

(in

dB)

Cable

Loss

(in

dB)

Capacitance

(in

pF)

Inductance

(in

uH)

The

MFJ-213

also

generates

a

0-dBm

RF

signal

that

may

be

used

to

check

receivers,

networks,

amplifiers,

and

antenna

patterns.

Operating

range

is:

HF:

1.00

—

60.00

MHz

The

MFJ-213

uses

a

DDS

signal

generator

giving

a

stable

0dBm

signal

tuned

by

a

rotary

encoder.

Measurements

are

displayed

on an

easy-to-read

LCD

screen

with

optional

backlighting.

Power

is

supplied

by

internal

AA

cells,

an

18650

Li-ion

cell

or

by

a

regulated

12-VDC

external

power

source

(not

included).

Weighing

just

over

1.3

pounds,

the

MFJ-213

package

fits

comfortably

in

one

hand

for

convenient

bench

work

or

on-the-fly

testing

in

the

field.

Operation

is

simple,

but

you

will

need

to

read

the

manual

to

learn

all

of

the

unit's

features

and

functions.

The

more

you

know

the

more

valuable

it

will

become

as

a

diagnostic

tool.

Version

1

1

©

2012

MFI

Enterprises,

Inc

MFJ-213

HF/VHF/UHF

Antenna

Analyzer

Instruction

Manual

2.0

POWER

SOURCES

The

MFJ-213

may

be

powered

with

internal

AA

batteries,

18650

Li-ion

cell

or

with

an

external

DC

supply.

To

avoid

needless

damage

and

ensure

top

performance,

please

follow

the

guidelines

below

when

choosing

a

voltage

source.

2.1

Internal

Batteries

To

access

the

jumpers

and

battery

compartments,

remove

all

four

screws

securing

the

analyzer's

back

cover

and

carefully

open

the

case.

To

operate

the

MFJ-213

on

batteries

put

the

EXT

PWR-BAT

jumper

on

the

PC

board

in

the

BAT

position

and

install

the

batteries.

The

MFJ-213

can use

either

AA

cells

or

a

18650

LI-ion

cell

to

power

it

on

batteries.

AA

Battery

power

requires

3

(three)

AA-size

1.5-volt

alkaline

cells.

Batteries

are

installed

in

a

fully

encased

3-cell

plastic

tray

mounted

inside

the

analyzer

enclosure.

Slide

the

battery

box

covers

sideways

to

unlatch,

and

then

lift

vertically

to

expose

the

cells.

When

replacing

old

batteries,

be

sure

to

follow

the

manufacturer's

environmental

guidelines

for

safe

disposal.

For

longest

battery

life,

always

replace

with

a

matched

set

of

factory-fresh

cells.

The

MFJ-213

will

not

charge

batteries

in

the

AA

cell

pack.

Do

not

use

rechargeable

AA

cells

in

the

pack.

The

battery

pack

plugs

into

the

socket

on

the

bottom

of

the

PC

Board.

The

MFJ-213

can

also

hold

an

optional

rechargeable

18650

battery

and

charger

board.

This

battery

is

inserted

into

a

holder

that

is

placed

at

the

bottom

of

the

case.

Disassemble

the

case

as

listed

above

and

insert

the

battery

into

the

holder

making

sure

the

polarity

is

correct.

This

battery

is

recharged

from

the

external

supply

through

a

special

charging

circuit

(optional)

that

plugs

into

the

MFJ-213.

Charging

time

is

about

10

hours

using

the

MFJ-1312B.

See

the

section

on

the

charging

function

below

for

charging

the

battery.

The

battery

holder

has

a

circuit

built

in

to

prevent

the

battery

from

discharging

below

the

minimum

safe

voltage.

If

the

battery

has

discharged

to

that

point

or

a

new

battery

has

been

put

in

the

battery

must

Version

|

2

©

2012

MFJ

Enterprises,

Inc

MFJ-213

HF/VHF/UHF

Antenna

Analyzer

Instruction

Manual

be

charged

above

that

point

resetting

the

circuit

before

a

Li-ion

battery

will

function

in

the

MFJ-213.

2.2

External

Power

Supply

To

operate

the

MFJ-213

on

an

external

power

supply

plug

in

an

external

power

supply

onto

the

EXT

PWR

jack

on

the

top

of

the

unit..

Powering

the

MFJ-213

externally

requires

a

well-filtered

12V

DC

supply

such

as

the

MFJ-1312D

capable

of

delivering

12

to

15

VDC

under

varying

load

conditions.

Current

drain

ranges

from

30

mA

to

180

mA,

depending

on

operating

mode,

frequency

range,

and

whether

or

not

the

display

backlight

is

on.

The

unit's

external

power

jack

is

located

on

the

front

panel

and

accepts

a

standard

2.1-mm

power

plug.

Positive

voltage

(+)

must

be

applied

to

the

connector's

center

pin.

Important Warnings:

Reverse

polarity

or

excessive

voltage

could

permanently

damage

the

MFJ-213!

To

avoid

damage:

1.

Never

connect

an

AC

transformer

or

positive-ground

power

source

2.

Never

install

or

remove

batteries

with

external

power

connected

3.0

OPERATING

MODE

Once

you

have

suitable

power

(battery

or

external),

you're

ready

to

explore

the

analyzer's

basic

operating

features.

Begin

by

pressing

the

red

PWR

button

on.

BAND

ESC

MODE

PWR

ON

morF

3.1

Main

Menu

Screen

The

individual

functions

are

listed

on

the

main

screen

and

are

selected

by

rotating

the

TUNE/SELECT

knob

then

pushing

the

TUNE/SELECT

knob

to

select

the

function.

To

exit

from

any

of

the

functions

press

the

ESC

button

to

return

to

the

Main

Menu

Screen.

»BT1k

1

ard

Fr

Version

1

3

©

2012

MFI

Enterprises,

Inc

MFJ-213

HF/VHF/UHF

Antenna

Analyzer

Instruction

Manual

3.1.1

Antenna

Analyzer

Mode

(1.Antenna)

The

MFJ-213

may

be

used

to

measure

the

impedance,

complex

impedance

and

SWR

of

an

antenna

connected

to

the

antenna

connector

in

this

function.

There

are

3 sub-modes

selected

with

the

MODE

button.

Default

is

the

impedance

measurements.

The

next

mode

reads

the

external

power

supply

voltage

(Pv)

when

connected

to

an

external

charger

and

the

battery

voltage

(Bv)

when

batteries

are

installed.

When

the

external

supply

or

internal

batteries

are

not

installed

then

those

numbers

are

not

valid.

The

third

mode

is

a

measurement

of

external

noise

that

can

cause

erroneous

readings.

Stimulus

Frequency

=A

\plex

Taianee

3.1.2

Return

Loss

(2.Loss)

Impedance

Com

This

function

on

the

MFJ-213

reads

the

return

loss

and

SWR

of

an

antenna

connected

to

the

antenna

connector.

There

are

two

modes

in

this

function.

The

default

is

return

loss

and

the

next

mode

selected

by

pressing

the

MODE

button

is

cable

loss.

The

cable

loss

is

measured

by

connecting

the

cable

to

the

antenna

connector

and

leaving

the

other

end

open

or

unterminated.

This

mode

is

for

50

ohm

cables.

Stimulus

Frequency

Stimulus

Frequency

Return

Loss

SWR

3.1.3

LIC

Return

Loss

SWR

Measurement

Mode

(3.LC-meter)

The

MFJ-213

may

be

used

to

measure

the

value

of

unknown

capacitors

and

inductors.

To

measure

L/C

values,

select

this

function,

connect

the

device

to

be

tested

to

the

antenna

jack

and

follow

the

procedure

outlined

below:

Measure

Capacitance

If

the

display

does

not

indicate

Xc

in

the

top

line

and

C=

in

the

second

line

press

the

MODE

button

till

this

mode

is

selected.

The

capacitance

at

that

frequency

is

displayed

and

the

capacitive

reactance

is

displayed

to

the

far

right.

Stimulus

Frequency

Mb

C

FF

13

Capacitance

Reactance

Measure

Inductance

Version

|

4

©

2012

MFJ

Enterprises,

Inc

MFJ-213

HF/VHF/UHF

Antenna

Analyzer

Instruction

Manual

Press

the

MODE

button

till

the

display

indicates

XL

in

the

top

line

and

L=

in

the

second

line

this

mode

is

selected.

The

inductance

at

that

frequency

is

displayed

and

the

inductive

reactance

is

displayed

to

the

far

right.

Stimulus

Frequency

18,

oi

MHz

L=

WH

Inductance

SWR

3.1.4

Li-ion

Battery

Charge

(4.Chr)

Charging

the

Li-ion

battery

is

done

using

a

special

charger

(optional)

plugged

into

the

MFJ-213.

The

external

power

supply

must

first

be

plugged

into

the

unit

for

the

charger

to

function.

Note

just

plugging

the

external

supply

will

not

charge

the

battery.

To

charge

the

Li-ion

battery

if

installed

you

rotate

the

TUNE/SELECT

knob

to

this

function

then

press

the

TUNE/SELECT

knob

in.

The

charging

circuit

will

come

on

displaying

CHARGING

and

will

run

till

fully

charged.

3.1.5

Bluetooth

link

(6.BTIk)

This

is

an

option

that

is

plugged

into

the

MFJ-213

allowing

you

to

link

the

MFJ-213

to

an

android

device.

See

the

installation

instructions

with

this

option

on

installation

and

use.

4.0

FREQUENCY

SELECTION

The

MFJ-213

covers

the

HF

region

(1.5-60

MHz)

4.1

Variable

Tuning

The

MFJ-213

tunes

continuously

from

1.500

to

60.000

MHz

by

turning

the

TUNE/SELECT

knob.

The

tuning

speed

can

be

selected

by

pushing

in

the

TUNE/SELECT

knob

to

select

which

digit

to

increment.

The

frequency

displayed

on

the

LCD

display

will

have

a

bar

under

the

digit

that

will

be

incremented

and

pushing

in

the

knob

advances

the

bar

to

the

next

digit

between

1

KHz

and

|

MHz

in

the

Analyzer

mode

and

10Hz

and

1

MHz

in

the

other

modes.

Stimulus

Frequency

a

You

can

select

each

of

the

amateur

bands

instead

of

turning

the

tuning

knob

by

pressing

the

BAND

button.

-

88

Frequency

Step

Marker

4.2

HF-Band

Selection

Version

1

5

©

2012

MFI

Enterprises,

Inc

MF/J-213

HF/VHF/UHF

Antenna

Analyzer

Instruction

Manual

Before

moving

on

to

the

next

section,

take

time

to

review

the

MFJ-213’s

basic

set-up

procedures.

Operation

becomes

second

nature

quickly,

but

should

you

need

it,

there’s

a

supplemental

"quick

guide"

in

the

back

for

reference

(Section

8.0).

The

remainder

of

the

manual

will

focus

on

general

instructions

and

helpful

tips

for

making

accurate

measurements.

5.0

ACCURACY

LIMITS

The

MFJ-213

will

serve

as

your

“eyes

and

ears”

when

working

with

RF

systems,

and

it

can

deliver

results

that

rival

units

costing

thousands

of

dollars.

However,

all

handheld

analyzers

share

certain

limitations,

and

being

aware

of

them

will

help

you

to

achieve

more

meaningful

results.

5.1

SWR

Measurements

and

Local

Interference

The

MFJ-213

(and

other

hand-helds)

uses

a

broadband

diode

detector

that

is

open

to

receiving

signals

across

the

entire

radio

spectrum.

Most

of

the

time,

the

unit's

built-in

stimulus

generator

is

powerful

enough

to

overcome

any

lack

of

front-end

selectivity

and

override

stray

pickup.

However,

a

powerful

transmitter

located

nearby

could

inject

enough

RF

energy

into

the

detector

to

disrupt

readings.

If

this

condition

occurs,

performance

will

become

erratic

and

SWR

readings

may

appear

higher

than

they

really

are.

5.2

Checking

for

Local

Interference

Unlike

many

analyzers,

the

MFJ-213

has

an

onboard

function

for

identifying

local

interference.

In

the

1.Antenna

function

simply

switch

to

the

third

mode

and

note

the

readings

you

obtain

with

the

antenna

connected.

If

a

strong

signal

(>100)

registers

on

the

display,

then

suspect

interference.

If

the

interfering

source

can't

be

turned

off

or

your

antenna

can't

be

moved

to

a

different

location,

you

may

need

to

use

a

station

transceiver

and

a

thru-line

directional

Wattmeter

to

complete

the

adjustments.

Stimulus

Frequency

Noise

level

Noise

indicator

5.3

Detector

Linearity

and

Accuracy

Diode

detectors

typically

become

non-linear

at

very

low

voltages.

Because

of

diode

non-linearity,

it's

not

uncommon

for

two

identical

analyzers

to

show

slightly

different

readings

when

checking

a

load

with very

low

SWR

(or

low

RF-return

voltage).

For

example,

one

analyzer

may

read

1.2:1

while

another

reads

1.1:1

when

checking

the

same

antenna.

The

MFJ-213

is

electronically

compensated

to

minimize

detector

error,

but

be

aware

of

the

potential

for

minor

differences.

Version

|

6

©

2012

MFI

Enterprises,

Inc

MFJ-213

HF/VHF/UHF

Antenna

Analyzer

Instruction

Manual

5.4

Calibration-Plane

Error

The

analyzer’s

calibration

plane

is

the

point

of

reference

where

all

measurements

have

the

greatest

accuracy

(gain

reference=0

dB,

phase

shift

=

0-degrees).

For

basic

hand-held

units

like

the

MFJ-213,

the

calibration

plane

is

fixed

at

the

antenna

connector.

As

such,

any

measurement

made

through

a

cable

will

displace

the

load

from

the

calibration

plane

and

introduce

some

amount

of

error.

For

SWR

readings,

error

is

mainly

caused

by

losses

in

the

cable.

Specifically,

SWR

will

read

somewhat

lower

through

a

length

of

cable

than with

the

analyzer

connected

directly

to

the

direct

load

because

the

forward

and

reflected

stimulus

signals

are

attenuated

in

the

feedline.

The

more

loss

there

is

in

the

cable,

the

greater

the

error.

Most

of

the

time,

this

inaccuracy

isn’t

a

problem

because

the

SWR

you

measure

with

the

analyzer

is

the

same

SWR

the

radio

will

encounter

when

connected.

However,

if

you

wish

to

know

the

antenna’s

actual

feedpoint

SWR

for

documentation

purposes,

the

analyzer

should

be

connected

directly

to

the

feed

point

through

a

short

pigtail.

Calibration-plane

error

has

a

much

more

significant

impact

when

attempting

to

measure

impedance

values

because

of

phase

rotation

in

the

cable.

In

fact,

impedance

readings

can

swing

dramatically,

depending

on

the

cable’s

electrical

length

and

the

severity

of

the

load’s

mismatch

with

reference

to

50

Ohms.

For

accurate

impedance

data,

always

connect

the

analyzer

directly

to

the

antenna

or

device

you're

testing

using

the

shortest

lead

possible.

5.5

Sign

Ambiguity

(+

j)

Most

hand-held

analyzers

(including

the

MFJ-213)

lack

the

processing

capability

to

calculate

the

reactance

sign

for

complex

impedance

(Z

=

R

+

j).

By

default,

the

MFJ-213

displays

a

plus

sign

(+

j)

between

the

resistive

and

reactive

values,

but

this

sign

is

merely

a

placeholder

and

not

a

calculated

data

point.

Although

the

analyzer’s

processor

can’t

calculate

sign,

it

can

often

be

determined

with

a

small

adjustment

of

the

TUNE

control.

To

determine

sign,

TUNE

the

analyzer

up-frequency

slightly

--

(1.)

If

reactance

decreases,

the

sign

is

likely

to

be

(

-

)

and

the

reactance

capacitive

(Xc).

(2.)

If

reactance

increases,

the

sign

is

likely

to

be

(

+

)

and

the

reactance

inductive

(X:).

Version

|

7

©

2012

MFI

Enterprises,

Inc