UMS HYPROP Bedienungsanleitung

User Manual

Art. no. HYPROP

Version 01/2010

Author: an/tk/mn

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Table of content

1HYPROP system 5

1.1 Safety instructions and warnings 5

1.2 Content of delivery 6

1.3 Foreword 7

1.4 Expression of thanks 7

1.5 Intended use 9

1.6 Guarantee 9

2Process summary 10

3Product description 11

3.1 System components 11

3.2 Sensor unit 11

3.2.1 Main body 11

3.2.2 Pressure transducers 12

3.2.3 Tensiometers 13

3.2.4 Temperature sensor 14

3.2.5 Plug connector 14

3.3 Sampling ring 15

3.4 Software tensioVIEW®15

4Get ready to start a measuring campaign 16

4.1 Soil samples 17

4.1.1 Take soil samples 17

4.1.2 Saturate the samples 17

4.2 Filling 18

4.2.1 Important cautions 18

4.2.2 Introduction 20

4.2.3 Refilling with the HYPROP service kit 20

4.2.3.1 Degassing the ceramic tip and tensiometer shaft 22

4.2.3.2 Degas the sensor head 26

4.2.3.3 Reassemble the HYPROP sensor head 28

4.2.4 Filling with vacuum pump 31

4.2.5 Check the HYPROP 32

4.3 Attach the sampling ring 33

4.3.1 Auger the Tensiometer holes 33

4.3.2 Assemble sensor unit and sampling ring 34

5Set-up the HYPROP 36

5.1 Connect the system components 36

5.1.1 Connect sensor units 37

5.1.2 Connect the scale 38

5.2 Software tensioVIEW®39

5.2.1 Menu 39

5.2.1.1 Find devices 39

5.2.1.2 Single device mode 39

5.2.1.3 Multiplexed devices mode 39

5.2.2 Device window 40

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5.2.2.1 Properties 40

5.2.2.2 Configuration of a device 40

5.2.2.3 Configuration settings for HYPROP 42

5.2.3 Refilling window 44

5.2.4 Current readings 45

5.2.5 Stored readings 45

5.3 Add the scale 46

6Perform a measuring campaign 48

6.1 Starting conditions 48

6.2 Measuring campaign window 50

6.3 Configure the campaign 51

6.4 Estimate the initial water content 54

6.5 Zero offset 55

6.6 Perform the measurement 56

6.6.1 Single unit mode and multiplex device mode 56

6.6.2 Start of a measuring campaign 56

6.6.3 Constant starting conditions 56

6.6.4 Start of a spontaneously measurement 57

6.6.5 Current status of the measurement 57

6.6.6 Measurements in the „Singel device mode“ 58

6.6.6.1 Multiplexed devices mode 59

6.6.7 Interrupt a measuring campaign 60

6.6.8 End of a measuring campaign 61

6.6.9 Removal of the soil sample 61

6.6.10 Estimate the soil dry weight 61

6.7 Evaluation of readings 62

6.8 Calculation and Fitting 63

6.9 Export readings and calculations 64

6.10 Typical Results for different soio (after a data export) 66

Trouble shooting 67

8Service and maintenance 69

8.1 Testing 69

8.2 Check the HYPROP 69

8.2.1 Calibration 69

8.2.2 Check the Offset 70

8.3 Cleaning 70

8.4 Storage 70

9Theoretical basics 71

9.1 Evaporation method (overview) 71

9.2 Discrete data for retention and conductivity relation 71

9.3 Retention and conductivity functions 72

9.3.1 The van Genuchten/Mualem modell 73

9.3.2 The bimodal van Genuchten/Mualem Model 73

9.3.3 The Brooks and Corey Model 74

9.4 Optimization of the parameter 74

10 Additional notes 75

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10.1 Extended measuring range 75

10.1.1 The bubble point of the porous cup 75

10.1.2 The vapour pressure of water 75

10.1.3 Boiling retardation: 76

10.2 Vapour pressure influence on pF/WC 77

10.3 Osmotic effect 77

11 Appendix 78

11.1 Parameter list 78

11.1.1 Input 78

11.1.2 Output 79

11.1.3 Parameter listing and describtion of the .csv table: 80

11.2 Technical specifications 81

11.2.1 Wiring configuration 82

11.3 Accessories 83

11.3.1 HYPROP extension and Accessories 83

11.3.2 Service kit 84

11.4 Units for soil water and matrix potentials 84

12 List of literature 85

13 Table of figures 86

14 Index 87

Your addressee at UMS 92

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1 HYPROP system

Laboratory evaporation method according to WIND/SCHINDLER for

the determination of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and water

retention characteristics of soil samples.

1.1 Safety instructions and warnings

Electrical installations must comply with the safety and EMC

requirements of the country in which the system is to be used.

Please note that any damages caused by users are not covered by

warranty.

Tensiometers are instruments for measuring the soil water tension,

soil water pressure and soil temperature and are designed for this

purpose only.

Please be aware of the following warnings:

High pressure: The maximum non destructive pressure is

300 kPa = 3 bar = 3000 hPa. Higher pressure, which might occur

for example during insertion in wet clayey soils or during refilling

and reassembling, will damage the pressure transducer!

Ceramic cup: Do not touch the cup with your fingers. Grease,

sweat or soap residues will influence the ceramic's hydrophilic

performance.

Freezing: Tensiometers are filled with water and therefore are

sensitive to freezing! Protect Tensiometers from freezing at any

time. Never leave Tensiometers over night inside a cabin or car

when freezing temperatures might occur!

Do not use a sharp tool for cleaning the threads in the sensor unit.

Just rinse it with pure water from a spray bottle.

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1.2 Content of delivery

The delivery includes:

Sensor unit

Sensor unit connecting cable

Soil sampling ring, 250 ml

Silicone gasket

Set of Tensiometer shafts, 2 each 50 mm and 25 mm

Service kit for refilling incl. refilling tools (syringes, sensor unit

filling attachment etc.), distilled water, auger kit, all in blue case

35 x 30 x 8 cm

Perforated saturation attachment

6 pcs. filter fabric, 15 cm x 15 cm

tensioVIEW®software on CD

tensioLINK®USB converter

tensioLINK®T-piece junction plug

9 V mains power supply unit

Scale*

* only included in the starter set HYPROP-SW

For available accessories see chapter “Accessories”.

Fig. 1: Content of delivery

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1.3 Foreword

Measuring systems must be reliable and durable and should require

a minimum of maintenance to achieve target-oriented results and

keep the servicing low. Moreover, the success of any technical

system is directly depending on a correct operation.

At the beginning of a measuring task or research project the target,

all effective values and the surrounding conditions must be defined.

This leads to the demands for the scientific and technical project

management which describes all quality related processes and

decides on the used methods, the technical and measurement tools,

the verification of the results and the modeling.

The continuously optimized correlation of all segments and its quality

assurance are finally decisive for the success of a project.

So please do not hesitate to contact us for further support and

information. We wish you good success with your projects.

Yours,

Georg von Unold

1.4 Expression of thanks

Dr. Uwe Schindler was able to considerably simplify the evaporation

method by WIND by analyzing the evaporation process and the

spatiotemporal decrease of water content inside the sample during

the evaporation process. The results of surveys of more than 2000

samples became part of German and international soil data bases

(HYPRES, UNSODA) and were basis of many scientific studies.

List of referring publications:

1. Schindler, U. (1980): Ein Schnellverfahren zur Messung der

Wasserleitfähigkeit im teilgesättigten Boden an

Stechzylinderproben. Arch. Acker- u. Pflanzenbau u. Bodenkd.,

Berlin 24, 1, 1-7.

2. Schindler, U.; Bohne, K. and R. Sauerbrey (1985): Comparison

of different measuring and calculating methods to quantify the

hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soil. Z. Pflanzenernähr.

Bodenkd., 148, 607-617.

3. Schindler U., Thiere, J., Steidl, J. und L. Müller (2004):

Bodenhydrologische Kennwerte heterogener Flächeneinheiten-

Methodik der Ableitung und Anwendungsbeispiel für

Nordostdeutschland. Fachbeitrag des Landesumweltamtes.

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H.87. Bodenschutz 2. Landesumweltamt Brandenburg.

Potsdam. 55 S.

http://www.brandenburg.de/cms/media.php/2320/lua_bd87.pdf

4. Schindler, U., Müller L. 2006. Simplifying the evaporation

method for quantifying soil hydraulic properties. J. of Plant

Nutrition and Soil Science. 169 (5). 169.623-629.

Mr. Andre Peters, in his dissertation at the Institute for Geoecology of

the Technical University Braunschweig, headed by Prof. Dr.

Wolfgang Durner, has scientifically examined the theoretical

principles of the calculation method and improved the method to be

more precise. Furthermore, he developed the software SHYPFIT 2.0

to adapt the retention and conductivity functions to the measured

data, and implemented it in the HYPROP calculation software.

The thesis is documented in following publications:

1. Peters, A., and W. Durner (2008): Simplified Evaporation Method

for Determining Soil Hydraulic Properties. Journal of Hydrology,

under review.

2. Peters, A., and W. Durner (2007): Optimierung eines einfachen

Verdunstungsverfahrens zur Bestimmung bodenhydraulischer

Eigenschaften, Mitteilungen der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen

Gesellschaft, im Druck.

3. Peters, A., and W. Durner (2006a): Improved estimation of soil

water retention characteristics from hydrostatic column

experiments, Water Resource. Res., 42, W11401,

doi:10.1029/2006WR004952.

4. Peters, A. und W. Durner (2006b), SHYPFIT 2.0 Users Manual,

Internal Report. Institut für Geoökologie, Technische Universität

Braunschweig.

5. Peters, A., and W. Durner (2005): Verbesserte Methode zur

Bestimmung der Retentionsfunktion aus statischen

Säulenexperimenten, Mitteilungen der Deutschen

Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft. 107, 83-84.

6. Peters, A., and W. Durner (2007): Optimierung eines einfachen

Verdunstungsverfahrens zur Bestimmung bodenhydraulischer

Eigenschaften, Tagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen

Gesellschaft, Dresden, 2-.9.September 2007. URL:

http://www.soil.tu-bs.de/pubs/poster/2007.Peters.Poster.DBG.pdf

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Sincere thanks are given to them for their support in the

development and for the numerous theoretical discussions and

practical advice. This helped to turn the method into a reliable

system with both, high accuracy and repeatability and excellent user

friendliness.

The technical and scientific high-lights of the HYPROP system are

the interactive graphical menu, the automatic offset correction and

the fitting routines according to Peters and Durner (2006b). Thus,

your HYPROP system is an extraordinary high tech soil laboratory

system.

1.5 Intended use

The intended use of the HYPROP system is the measurement and

determination of water retention characteristics and unsaturated

hydraulic conductivity as a function of water tension or water content

in a soil sample.

1.6 Guarantee

UMS gives a guarantee of 12 months against defects in manufacture

or materials used. The guarantee does not cover damage through

misuse or inexpert servicing or circumstances beyond our control.

The guarantee includes replacement or repair and packing but

excludes shipping expenses. Please contact UMS or our

representative before returning equipment. Place of fulfillment is

Munich, Gmunder Str. 37, Germany!

Process summary

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2 Process summary

1. Preparation of sample and hardware

1.1. Fill HYPROP sensor unit(s) and Tensiometer shafts

1.2. Take samples with soil sampling rings

1.3. Saturate the soil samples

1.4. Drill the holes for the Tensiometer shafts

1.5. Place the sampling ring on the sensor unit

1.6. Connect the sensor unit to the PC

1.7. Connect the scale to the PC

2. Configuration of the tensioVIEW software

2.1. Add the scale

2.2. Define your measuring campaign

2.3. Select file and sample name(s)

2.4. Optionally select units and intervals

2.5. Optionally enter initial water content or select „automatically“

2.6. Select model and soil type

3. Execute the measurement campaign

3.1. Start the measurement, data is stored from this point

3.2. Wait for constant starting conditions

3.3. Set the starting line as soon as tension readings are constant

3.4. Weigh the samples in intervals, every 12 to 48 hours depending

on soil type

3.5. When one of the Tensiometers runs dry make the final weighing

and stop the campaign

4. Evaluation

4.1. Determine the dry weight and enter it into the „Dry weight“ input

box

4.2. Set the stop line to the point just before the first Tensiometer

runs dry

4.3. Fit

5. Data export

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