NXP Semiconductors UM10480 Bedienungsanleitung

UM10480

Variable gain amplifier BGA7210

Rev. 2 — 26 July 2011 User manual

Document information

Info Content

Keywords BGA7210, VGA, variable gain amplifier

Abstract This user manual describes how to evaluate the variable gain amplifier

BGA7210 using a customer evaluation kit

User manual Rev. 2 — 26 July 2011 2 of 13

Contact information

For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com

For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]

NXP Semiconductors UM10480

Variable gain amplifier BGA7210

Revision history

Rev Date Description

v.2 20110726 •Section 1 “Introduction”text altered.

•Section 5 “Controlling the customer RF evaluation board”amended to include Section

5.1 “Improving linearity”

v.1 20110520 first version

User manual Rev. 2 — 26 July 2011 3 of 13

NXP Semiconductors UM10480

Variable gain amplifier BGA7210

1. Introduction

The BGA7210 customer evaluation kit enables the user to evaluate the performance of

the variable gain amplifier BGA7210.

The BGA7210 performance information is available in the BGA7210 data sheet.

2. Quick start

1. Connect the interface board to the RF evaluation board using the flat cable.

2. Power the RF evaluation board with a 5 V, 1 W power supply.

3. Insert the interface board in a free USB slot.

4. Insert the USB flash drive in another free USB slot.

5. Launch the customer software bga7210_mswin.exe from the USB flash drive.

3. Installation

Remark: Do not change the jumper settings until you are familiar with the functions. The

jumpers are intended for evaluating the current on each supply pin. If configured correctly

the VGA can be powered by the USB bus, however RF performance might be

compromised. See Section 7 “Jumpers and connectors” on page 10.

Fig 1. BGA7210 customer evaluation kit parts

019aac406

USB interface boardflat cableRF evaluation boardcalibration port RF in

RF out GND

supply

jumpers

BGA7210

connectorcalibration port

User manual Rev. 2 — 26 July 2011 4 of 13

NXP Semiconductors UM10480

Variable gain amplifier BGA7210

4. Customer evaluation kit contents

The evaluation kit contains the following items:

•ESD safe casing

•RF evaluation board

•USB interface board

•Flat cable

•USB flash drive containing:

–This user manual

–Customer software bga7210_mswin.exe

–BGA7210 data sheet

User manual Rev. 2 — 26 July 2011 5 of 13

NXP Semiconductors UM10480

Variable gain amplifier BGA7210

5. Controlling the customer RF evaluation board

5.1 Improving linearity

The RF evaluation board is configured without using a shunt capacitor on the output.

Adding a shunt capacitor improves linearity around 2.8 GHz. For other operating

frequencies it is recommended not to add a shunt capacitor. Please refer to the Data

Sheet for performance information.

Place a shunt capacitor of 0.68 pF at a distance of 5.3 mm from the BGA7210 RF_OUT

pin, see Figure 2.

Fig 2. BGA7210 RF evaluation board PCB layout

aaa-000268

User manual Rev. 2 — 26 July 2011 6 of 13

NXP Semiconductors UM10480

Variable gain amplifier BGA7210

5.2 Quick tour

The customer software offers advanced features for controlling the current and

attenuation of the BGA7210. The software also provides a tick box for saving power and a

tick box for automatically selecting the optimal current per attenuation setting, yielding

maximum linearity.

5.3 Setting current

The current to each amplifier can be set either automatically or manually.

•Automatically: depending on the attenuator setting, each amplifier current setting is

selected automatically. This mode optimizes current consumption without

compromising linearity

•Manually: each amplifier current can be set manually

5.4 Setting attenuation

There are three methods available for setting attenuation in the range 0 dB to 31.5 dB

using:

•the attenuator entry

•attenuation slider

•0.5 dB step button

5.5 Power save

In Power save mode, the RF blocks are switched off but it is still possible to communicate

with the chip.

Fig 3. User interface

019aac407

increase attenuation

attenuation slider

decrease attenuation

power save mode

attenuation entryamplifier 2 currentamplifier 1 current

set optimal currents device versionUSB statuswrite status

User manual Rev. 2 — 26 July 2011 7 of 13

NXP Semiconductors UM10480

Variable gain amplifier BGA7210

6. BGA7210 evaluation

Remark: The RF evaluation board output is configured with a shunt capacitor to yield

optimal linearity at approximately 2 GHz. It is recommended that the shunt capacitor is

removed at other operating frequencies. Please refer to the BGA7210 data sheet for

performance information.

6.1 Calibration

The calibration port can be used to determine the PCB losses.

6.2 S-parameters and output compression point

Both S-parameters and the output compression point (P1 dB) are measured with a

NetWork Analyzer (NWA); see Figure 4.

The P1 dB is measured by sweeping the input power, and observing where the S21 of the

device is compressed by 1 dB compared to the linear gain. In order for this measurement

to accurately measure the input power, the input must first be calibrated with a power

head. The output power of the device is calculated using equation Equation 1.

(1)

The drive power can be optionally enhanced with a driver amplifier. To prevent the output

signal driving the NWA receiver into compression, an attenuator can be inserted at the

NWA input. Both driver amplifier and attenuator should be included in the calibration path.

In order to maintain small signal conditions for the S-parameter measurements, an input

power of 20 dBm is applied.

Fig 4. S-parameter and output compression power set-up

Pout dBmPin dBms21 dB+=

019aac408

OPTIONAL

PRE-AMPLIFIER

POWER

SUPPLY

MMIC

DUT

PORT 1 PORT 2

2 PORT (or 4 PORT) NETWORK ANALYZER

OPTIONAL

ATTENUATOR

User manual Rev. 2 — 26 July 2011 8 of 13

NXP Semiconductors UM10480

Variable gain amplifier BGA7210

6.3 Output third-order intercept point

The output intercept point (OIP3) is a figure of merit for linearity; see Figure 5. The set-up

is configured to achieve an accurate measurement of the OIP3; see Figure 6. After the

signal generators, a Low-Pass Filter (LPF) and isolator is applied, before combining the

two signals. This configuration gives best isolation between the generators, hence IMD3

levels of the input signal < 80 dBc can be measured.

Please refer to the BGA7210 data sheet for power level and tone spacing values.

Fig 5. Definition of output intercept point (OIP3)

019aac409

2*f1-f2f1f2f2*f2-f1

IMD3

output

power

dBc

fundamental

slope 1:1

saturation

region

IMD3

slope 1:3

IP3

input power

Fig 6. Output intercept point (OIP3) set-up

019aac410

POWER

SUPPLY

MMIC

DUT

SIGNAL

GENERATOR

SIGNAL

GENERATOR

ISOLATOR

LOW-PASS

FILTER (LPF)

POWER

COMBINER SPECTRUM

ANALYZER

ISOLATOR

LOW-PASS

FILTER (LPF)

User manual Rev. 2 — 26 July 2011 9 of 13

NXP Semiconductors UM10480

Variable gain amplifier BGA7210

6.4 Noise

The Noise Figure (NF) is measured using a calibrated noise source with a specified

Excess Noise Ratio (ENR), and a spectrum analyzer with a noise measurement option.

The system is calibrated with this noise source in order to measure accurate noise figures;

see Figure 7.

Fig 7. Noise figure measurement set-up

019aac411

POWER

SUPPLY

MMIC

DUT

NOISE

SOURCE

SPECTRUM

ANALYZER

including

NOISE OPTION

User manual Rev. 2 — 26 July 2011 10 of 13

NXP Semiconductors UM10480

Variable gain amplifier BGA7210

7. Jumpers and connectors

The RF evaluation board is powered through connector X4. The X3 jumpers are set as

shown in Figure 9.

Fig 8. BGA7210 RF evaluation board jumpers and connectors

Table 1. RF evaluation board components

Component reference Description

RF connectors

X6, X7 calibration port for determining PCB losses

X1 RF in

X5 RF out

Control interface

X2 USB interface board connector

Voltage supply

X4 external supply voltage 5 V/200 mA

X3 power configuration jumper

019aac412

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