National 104-CLED Bedienungsanleitung
National Optical & Scientific Instruments Inc.
6508 Tri-County Parkway
Schertz, Texas 78154
Phone (210) 590-9010 Fax (210) 590-1104
INSTRUCTIONS FOR
MODEL 104-CLED
ELEMENTARY COMPOUND MICROSCOPE
Copyright © 4/12/05
National Optical & Scientific Instrument Inc.
Ocular lens (eyepiece)
Eyepiece tube
Objective turret
(nosepiece)
Objective lens
Stage
Stage clips
Disc diaphragm
Illuminator housing
Illuminator switch
Arm
Stage stop screw
Stage stop locking nut
Focusing knob
Base
AC Cord
Fuse
3
INTRODUCTION
Thank you for your purchase of a National microscope, It is a well-built, precision instrument and carefully
checked to assure that it reaches you in good condition. It is designed for ease of operation and years of
carefree use. The information in this manual probably far exceeds what you will need to know in order to
operate and maintain your microscope. However, it is provided to answer questions, which might arise,
and to help you avoid any maintenance expense that may be unnecessary.
Carefully read instructions before operating microscope. Nomenclature used to describe components and
controls are identified on opposite page of the manual.
UNPACKING THE MICROSCOPE
Do not discard styrofoam container or packing materials. Save in case instrument needs to be
transported or shipped for repairs. Remove microscope, dustcover, 0.90 mm “L” type hex key wrench and
warranty card from container. Remove all tape and packing material used to protect microscope during
shipment. Make certain lens surfaces do not come in contact with dirt, fingerprints or oil. Damage of lens
surfaces occurs when they come in contact with such contaminants, and image quality is reduced.
DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS
A. OCULAR LENS (eyepiece): Lens closest to the eye, magnifies the primary image formed by the
objective lens. The inclined eyepiece is equipped with a “pointer” that rotates as the eyepiece is
rotated.
B. OBJECTIVE LENS: Lens closest to the specimen, forms the first magnified image of the specimen.
C. OBJECTIVE TURRET (nosepiece): Revolving turret designed to hold objective lenses, permits
changes of magnification by rotating different powered objective lenses into optical path.
D. STAGE CLIPS: Two locked-on clips hold specimen slide in place on stage.
E. STAGE: Platform of the microscope where the specimen slide is placed. Stage has a built-in
condenser lens.
F. DISC DIAPHRAGM: Rotating disc located below stage, with 6 holes of various apertures, designed to
help achieve optimum resolution of the objective lens. Smaller apertures used for lower
magnifications and larger apertures used for higher magnifications.
G. SAFETY STAGE STOP: When properly adjusted, controls maximum upward travel of stage while
focusing, prevents higher power objectives from breaking specimen slides, prevents damage to
objective lenses. This safety stage stop has been pre-adjusted at the factory.
H. FOCUSING KNOBS: Focusing knobs located on each side of arm, when turned, raise or lower stage
to bring specimen into focus.
I. ILLUMINATION: Built-in substage electric LED illuminator provides constant, pre-focused illumination
equal to 20-watt tungsten bulb with 3-wire grounded AC cord.
OPERATION OF MICROSCOPE
A. Always carry microscope by grasping arm with one hand and placing other hand under base.
4
B. Place microscope directly in front of you in a manner which permits you to comfortably look into the
eyepiece. Note that the head of the microscope rotates 360°, permitting you to operate the
microscope from the front or the back, whichever is most convenient. Most users will position the
microscope with the arm facing you so that focusing knobs are most convenient to reach.
C. First, assure that light is available for illuminating the specimen.
1. Make certain that the main voltage of your microscope corresponds to the voltage of your power
outlet, 120V AC. Insert plug into matching voltage output.
2. Flip switch located on base to ON position.
3. In case of equipment malfunction, see Troubleshooting procedures located at the back of this
manual.
D. Rotate focus knobs to move stage down (away) from objectives as far as possible.
E. Place specimen slide, cover slip facing up, on stage with specimen centered over lens in middle of
stage.
F. Rotate disc diaphragm to position the largest aperture under the hole in center of stage.
G. Turn the objective turret until the 4x (smallest) objective lens clicks into position in the optical path.
Note that each time you change from one objective lens to another you should turn the turret until you
hear the click, which indicates that the lens is properly indexed in the optical path.
H. While looking through the eyepiece, rotate focusing knobs until specimen comes into focus. If image
does not appear in field of view, move specimen slide slightly on stage until image appears in field of
view.
I. Turn the disc diaphragm, observing that different apertures affect the sharpness of the image. Turn
diaphragm until sharpest possible image is obtained. When turning the disc diaphragm, you should
hear a click as each aperture comes into proper position under the hole in center of stage. If aperture
is not properly positioned, you will observe shadows in the field of view when looking through the
microscope.
J. Changing magnification
1. Note that each of the three objectives has a different color ring. This permits the teacher to
instruct the class to switch magnifications by referring to the color of the ring.
4x objective – “Red” color ring
10x objective – “Yellow” color ring
40x objective – “Blue” color ring
2. Total magnification obtained with each objective lens is determined by multiplying the
magnification of the eyepiece times the magnification of the objective. Keep in mind that as
magnification is increased, field of view (area of the specimen seen when looking through the
microscope) decreases. You will find that you use the lower magnifications at most times.
Always use the lowest magnification (4x objective) when first focusing on a new specimen slide,
as this low magnification provides the biggest field of view, thereby making it easier to find and
position the specimen within the field of view.
10x eyepiece x 4x objective = 40 times magnification. (biggest field of view)
10x eyepiece x 10x objective = 100 times magnification. (smaller field of view)
10x eyepiece x 40x objective = 400 times magnification (smallest field of view)
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3. To change magnification:
a. Rotate revolving nosepiece to position 10x objective into optical path. Some slight adjustment
of focusing knob may be required.
b. Rotate revolving nosepiece to position 40x objective into optical path. Some slight adjustment
of focusing knob may be required.
Note: Take care when rotating 40x objective into place. This is the longest lens and has a
spring retractable mechanism which retracts slightly into its housing if the front of the lens
comes in contact with the specimen slide while focusing the microscope. This prevents
damage to the lens or slide.
MAINTENANCE
WARNING: For your own safety, turn switch to OFF position and remove plug from power source
before maintaining your microscope. If the power cord is worn, cut or damaged in any way, have
it replaced immediately to avoid shock or fire hazard.
A. OPTICAL MAINTENANCE
1. Do not attempt to disassemble any lens components. Consult an expert technical service
company when repairs not covered by these instructions are needed.
2. Prior to cleaning any lens surface, brush dirt and lint off lens surface with camel hairbrush or
compressed air. Use of air in a can, available at most computer stores, is good source of clean
air.
3. Do not remove eyepiece lens or objective lenses from microscope. Clean only the outer lens
surface by breathing on lens to dampen surface, then wipe with lens paper or cotton swab. Avoid
wiping lens surface while dry, as lenses are scratched very easily.
B. MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE
1. Stage stop adjustment: Stage stop has been pre-adjusted at the factory, and should not require
readjustment.
2. Metal parts: Use a clean, damp cloth to remove dust or dirt from metal part followed by a dry cloth.
C. ELECTRICAL MAINTENANCE
1. Replacement of bulb (National #800-001) To open the illuminator field lens housing use 0.90mm
“L” type hex key wrench supplied with your microscope to loosen hex screws on lens housing.
Remove lens housing to expose LED “bulb”. Remove bulb by grasping the plastic base of bulb
and gently pulling straight up. Insert new LED “bulb”, replace lens housing and tighten hex screw
to secure lens housing in place.
2. Replacement of fuse (National #801-160) The fuse is located at right rear side of microscope
base. To remove fuse from holder, insert a 6mm screwdriver blade into slot located in rear of
fuse holder cap. Slightly depress and rotate screwdriver ¼ turn in direction of arrow to release the
fuse. Pull cap and fuse out of fuse holder. Insert proper 0.5 amp fuse into fuse cap. Insert fuse
assembly into fuse holder. Using screwdriver rotate fuse cap assembly in opposite direction of
arrow until guide slot engages, depress fuse cap and rotate ¼ turn to lock into fuse holder.
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TROUBLESHOOTING
PROBLEM
REASON FOR PROBLEM
SOLUTION
Light fails to operate.
Light switch in off position.
Fuse blown.
Turn light switch on.
Replace fuse.
LED bulb burned out.
Disc diaphragm has not “clicked”
into proper position and is
blocking light source beneath
stage.
Replace LED.
Turn disc diaphragm until it “clicks” into
position.
Image does not focus Cover slip on specimen slide too
thick.
Use 0.17mm thick cover slip.
(No. 1 cover slip)
Slide upside down.
Place slide on stage with cover slip
facing up.
Poor resolution
(Image not sharp)
Objective lenses dirty.
Clean objective lenses.
Eyepiece lens dirty.
Clean eyepiece lenses.
Too much light.
Adjust disc diaphragm
Spots in field of view.
Eyepiece lens dirty.
Clean eyepiece lenses.
Specimen slide dirty.
Clean slide.
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES AND PARTS:
#800-001 Replacement LED light
#801-160 Replacement fuse, 0.5 amps, time delay.
WARRANTY -5 YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY
Please see our website, www.nationaloptical.com, for complete warranty details and exclusions.
(11/28/06)
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